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Serine protease inhibitor, serpin, is a biomarker following Schistosoma mansoni re-infection in mice

Mohammed ES, El-Dakhly KM

Trop Biomed, 2021 Jun 01;38(2):63-67.
PMID: 33973574 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.2.039

Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease affecting mostly low income and resourcelimited countries. Despite the distribution of the curative medicine, praziquantel (PZQ), the frequency of re-infection is commonly reported, thus, making a difficulty to discriminate treatment failure after re-infection. Therefore, assessing Schistosoma mansoni re-infection after praziquantel administration is crucial to prove the treatment efficacy and to break the transmission of infection in endemic areas. The evolution of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic markers, reliable to detect the re-infection and to evaluate the treatment efficacy, is required to control schistosomiasis. In this study, the potential role of serpin recombinant antigen of S. mansoni as a biomarker of re-infection and chemotherapeutic efficacy has been assessed. Therefore, 20 mice were experimentally challenged and re-challenged with 50 S. mansoni cercariae and divided into 4 equal groups; the first included infected mice (control positive), the second group was twice infected with S. mansoni and left untreated, the third included mice twice infected then treated with praziquantel following the last challenge, and the forth one remained uninfected and untreated (control negative). The current findings demonstrated that high levels of IgG and IgG1 bound to serpin were detected following the re-infection and rapidly declined post treatment. In summary, S. mansoni recombinant serpin could be used as a promising marker to discriminate S. mansoni re-infection and evaluated the efficacy of treatment. The translation of such a potential tool in endemic areas will provide a significant support for the elimination and control programs against schistosomiasis.
Fracture Resistance of Titanium and Fiber Dental Posts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Alhajj MN, Qi CH, Sayed ME, Johari Y, Ariffin Z

J Prosthodont, 2021 Sep 09.
PMID: 34499376 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13428

PURPOSE: The fracture resistance of dental post systems is influenced by the material of the post. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess if there is a difference in fracture resistance between prefabricated dental titanium posts and fiber posts.
METHODS: An online electronic search was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for in vitro studies published from 2010 to 2020 in English. The retrieved eligible studies that compared the fracture resistance of titanium and fiber posts on human teeth were selected. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval was calculated. In addition, the trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to test if the available studies are sufficient to make conclusive evidence.
RESULTS: Of the 1165 retrieved studies, 17 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while 16 studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Because of the high heterogeneity among studies, data from 10 studies were pooled and submitted to TSA. A total of 852 teeth were evaluated for fracture of the posts in 27 independent comparison groups. The pooled effect of the residual studies revealed no significant difference between titanium and fiber posts (SMD = -0.12; 95% CI = -0.30, 0.06; p = 0.20). Results of the TSA revealed no conclusive evidence.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current evidence revealed no significant difference between fiber and titanium posts. The evidence is insufficient, and more standardized in vitro studies are required.
Fulltext Ischemic stroke as the first presentation of takayasu's arteritis in young male

Gouda W, Alsaqabi F, Alkadi A, Amr HAE, Moshrif A, Mahdy ME

Clin Case Rep, 2020 Feb;8(2):258-261.
PMID: 32128168 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2527

Takayasu's arteritis should be kept under the differential diagnosis of stroke in all young patients. Early, proper diagnosis and treatment are necessary to reduce any further progression, morbidity, and mortality rates of the disease.
WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

Sumaila UR, Skerritt DJ, Schuhbauer A, Villasante S, Cisneros-Montemayor AM, Sinan H, et al.

Science, 2021 10 29;374(6567):544.
PMID: 34709891 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm1680

[Figure: see text].