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  1. Siti Zubaidah Hasan, Zuhailie Zakaria, Mohamed Rozali Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Yusop
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1547-1556.
    Mangan oksida (MnO2
    ) poros nano yang mempunyai morfologi lapisan nipis telah disintesis dan diaplikasikan sebagai
    penjerap pewarna sintetik komersial (remazol merah, eriokrom hitam dan metilena biru). Permukaan bahan silika
    alumina yang telah diubah suai dengan 3-aminopropiltrietoksisilana (APTES) digunakan dalam proses sonokimia pada
    suhu bilik dengan kehadiran 0.1 M kalium permanganat (KMnO4
    ) untuk menghasilkan komposit silika alumina-MnO2
    .
    Penyingkiran templat dijalankan untuk mendapatkan MnO2
    tulen bersaiz nano. Spektrum FTIR menunjukkan kehadiran
    getaran MnO2
    dalam julat 400 - 600 cm-1 dan corak XRD menunjukkan kehadiran birnesit jenis MnO2
    . Isoterma jerapnyahjerap
    N2
    menunjukkan MnO2
    tulen memiliki liang yang bersifat mesoporos iaitu 34.8 Å (± 0.4), manakala luas
    permukaan MnO2
    ialah 252.8 m2
    /g. Penjerap MnO2
    lapisan nipis yang diperoleh menunjukkan kebolehan menjerap
    pewarna eriokrom hitam dan metilena biru masing-masingnya sehingga 54% dan 99% serta kapasiti penjerapan masingmasing
    ialah 0.0024 dan 0.0077 mmol/g. Kedua-dua isoterma penjerapan eriokrom hitam dan metilena biru oleh MnO2
    masing-masing menepati ciri-ciri Langmuir dan Temkin. Sementara itu data kinetik penjerapan eriokrom hitam dan
    metilena biru kedua-duanya memenuhi tertib pertama pseudo.
  2. Poh Lee Loh, Noor Azlina Abdul Ghani, Nabilah Suhaili, Zetty Shafiqa Othman, Muhammad Rahimi Yusop, Rizafizah Othaman, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1123-1129.
    Glycerol, the main by-product in biodiesel manufacturing, is a useful and environment-friendly solvent for many organic
    and inorganic substrates. This study investigates the effects of soaking using glycerol, silicone oil, dimethyl sulfoxide
    (DMSO) and Organosolv (1:1 water: ethanol) on energy consumption in the process of grinding kempas wood and on
    the particle size of ground kempas. Kempas wood chips were soaked in various solvents at 90°C for 1 h. The structural
    characterisation of untreated and treated kempas was analysed using CHNS, ATR-FTIR and XRD. Meanwhile, the grinding
    energy was calculated based on power per unit time while particle size was analysed using nested column sieves. Glycerol
    has high stability, good compatibility with other chemicals and is environmentally friendly. Glycerol-soaked kempas
    consumed less energy which led to energy saving of up to 0.015 W h and exhibited the smallest average particle size
    (263 µm) close to that of untreated kempas due to glycerol lubricating properties. Therefore, glycerol can be used as
    an alternative to conventional solvents in reducing the grinding energy consumption and particle size of lignocellulosic
    biomass.
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