Methods: The present invitro study was completed in 90 days approved by Riyadh Elm University. Forty premolars were extracted disinfected and decoronated. Mechanochemical preparation was done of canal space using 10k file widening canals sequentially with a 25K file with constant saline irrigation. Canal was dried condensed with gutta percha and sealer. Post space was prepared using peso reamer. Based on canal disinfection samples were divided into four groups. Group-1 MBP+17%EDTA, Group-2 RBP +17%EDTA, Group-3 Curcumin+17%EDTA and Group-4 5.25% NaOCl +17% EDTA. Following disinfection, the canal space of all specimens was washed with 17% EDTA for 120 sec. Post was cemented in canal space and cured. Specimens were placed on Universal testing machine (UTM) for EBS. The type of bond failure was evaluated using stereomicroscope. ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test was used to compare means.

Results: Cervical third of Group-3 in which samples were disinfected with CP+17% EDTA displayed the maximum EBS (8.69±1.32 MPa). Whereas, the lowest EBS (3.30±0.54 MPa) was exhibited by the apical third of Group-4, where 5.25% NaOCl +17% EDTA was used as a canal disinfectant. The intragroup comparison demonstrated a declining trend of EBS from cervical to apical third in all investigated groups.

METHODS: The selected patients were divided into three groups, Group I (PDT + SRP), Group II (SP + SRP) and group III (SRP alone). Clinical inflammatory periodontal parameters including plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain were assessed. Assessment of crevicular fluid interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. All measurements were recorded at baseline, 3 months and 6 months follow-up periods, respectively.

RESULTS: A total of 73 patients completed the study. A significant improvement in the BOP was seen in Group II at both follow up visits when compared with other groups (p < 0.05). Only in Group-I that showed statistically significant reduction in moderate periodontal pockets at 3 months (p = 0.021), and significant reductions in deep pockets at 3-months (p = 0.003) and 6-months (p = 0.002), respectively. CAL gain also was reported to be seen in group-I at both visits (p < 0.05). Group- I and II significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 at 3-month period compared to Group-III. This reduction was further maintained by group-II and group-III at 6 months, respectively. TNF-α showed statistically significant decrease in Group II as compared to Group I and Group-III and this reduction was maintained by the end of 6-month visit (p = 0.045).

METHODS: Ninety human molars with carious extension up to the middle third of occlusal dentin were included. The teeth were then arbitrarily allocated into three groups based on the type of surface conditioning received (n = 30) Group 1 (PA), Group 2 (FS laser), and Group 3 (Ery PS). Ten samples from each group underwent Ra analysis using a stylus profiler. Twenty samples from each cohort were distributed into two subcategories based on the application of unmodified EA (A) and Sep-infiltrated EA (B). Composite restoration was built followed by SBS and failure mode analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and Energy dispersive X-ray EDX were assessed of sepiolite NPs. Degree of conversion (DC) and rheological analysis of the modified adhesive and unmodified adhesive were also performed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey post hoc test were employed to conduct comparisons between the different groups.

RESULTS: The highest score of Ra and bond strength were displayed by Group 1B (PA + Sep-NPs filled EA) (17.32 ± 1.43 MPa) samples. Nevertheless, the lowest values were established by Group 3A (Ery-PS + EA) (13.45 ± 0.80 MPa) treated teeth. An increase in Ra resulted in a rise in SBS.DC decreased with the incorporation of 1 % Sep-NPs in EA compared to unmodified EA.