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Fulltext Genetic performance and general combining ability of oil palm Deli dura x AVROS pisifera tested on inland soils

Noh A, Rafii MY, Saleh G, Kushairi A, Latif MA

ScientificWorldJournal, 2012;2012:792601.
PMID: 22701095 DOI: 10.1100/2012/792601

The performance of 11 oil palm AVROS (Algemene Vereniging van Rubberplanters ter Oostkust van Sumatra) pisiferas was evaluated based on their 40 dura x pisifera (DxP) progenies tested on inland soils, predominantly of Serdang Series. Fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield of each pisiferas ranged from 121.93 to 143.9 kg palm⁻¹ yr⁻¹ with trial mean of 131.62 kg palm⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed low genetic variability among pisifera parents for most of the characters indicating uniformity of the pisifera population. This was anticipated as the AVROS pisiferas were derived from small population and were inbred materials. However, some of the pisiferas have shown good general combining ability (GCA) for certain important economic traits. Three pisiferas (P1 (0.174/247), P3 (0.174/498), P11 (0.182/308)) were identified of having good GCA for FFB yield while pisiferas P1 (0.174/247), P10 (0.182/348), and P11 (0.182/308) were good combiners for oil-to-bunch ratio (O/B). The narrow genetic base of these materials was the main obstacle in breeding and population improvement. However, efforts have been made to introgress this material with the vast oil palm germplasm collections of MPOB for rectifying the problem.
Fulltext Variability and performance evaluation of introgressed Nigerian dura x Deli dura oil palm progenies

Noh A, Rafii MY, Mohd Din A, Kushairi A, Norziha A, Rajanaidu N, et al.

Genet. Mol. Res., 2014;13(2):2426-37.
PMID: 24781997 DOI: 10.4238/2014.April.3.15

Twelve introgressed oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) progenies of Nigerian dura x Deli dura were evaluated for bunch yield, yield attributes, bunch quality components and vegetative characters at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board Research Station, in Keratong, Pahang, Malaysia. Analysis of variance revealed significant to highly significant genotypic differences, indicating sufficient genetic variability among the progenies for bunch yield and its attributes, vegetative characters and bunch quality components, except fruit to bunch ratio. Fresh fruit bunch yield ranged from 167 kg·palm(-1)·year(-1) in PK1330 to 212 kg·palm(-1)·year(-1) in PK1351, with a mean yield of 192 kg·palm(-1)·year(-1). Among the progeny, PK1313 had the highest oil to bunch ratio (19.36%), due to its high mesocarp to fruit ratio, fruit to bunch ratio and low shell to fruit ratio. Among the progenies, PK1313 produced the highest oil yield of 31.4 kg·palm(-1)·year(-1), due to a high mesocarp to fruit ratio (61.2%) and a low shell to fruit ratio (30.7%), coupled with high fruit to bunch ratio (65.6%). PK1330 was found promising for selection, as it had desirable vegetative characters, including smaller petiole cross section (27.15 cm2), short rachis length (4.83 m), short palm height (1.85 m), and the lowest leaf number (164.6), as these vegetative characters are prerequisites for selecting palms for high density planting and high yield per hectare. The genetic variability among the progenies was found to be high, indicating ample scope for further breeding, followed by selection.
Fulltext Organ donation in Muslim countries: the case of Malaysia

Tumin M, Noh A, Mohd Satar N, Chin-Sieng C, Soo-Kun L, Abdullah N, et al.

Ann. Transplant., 2013;18:671-6.
PMID: 24316733 DOI: 10.12659/AOT.889194

The aim of this paper is to look into the factors influencing Malaysian Muslims' decision to become deceased organ donors in Malaysia.
Strategies targeted at motivating unrelated living kidney donation

Tumin M, Noh A, Chong CS, Mohd Satar N, Lim SK, Abdullah N, et al.

Ann. Transplant., 2013;18:314-9.
PMID: 23792535 DOI: 10.12659/AOT.883957

This paper aimed to assess the willingness of Malaysians with post-secondary education to be living kidney donors.
Fulltext Factors that hinder organ donation: religio-cultural or lack of information and trust

Tumin M, Noh A, Jajri I, Chong CS, Manikam R, Abdullah N

Exp Clin Transplant, 2013 Jun;11(3):207-10.
PMID: 23432623 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2012.0194

This paper examines factors that influence Malaysian persons with a tertiary level of education on their willingness to donate organs.
Simulation study on quality of CPR between manual chest compression and mechanical chest compression devices performed in ambulance

Kamauzaman THT, Ngu JTH, Arithra A, Noh AYM, Siti-Azrin AH, Nor J

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):171-176.
PMID: 33742624

BACKGROUND: Maintaining good quality CPR while transporting out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients is very challenging. We aim to determine how different ambulance speed can affect the quality of chest compression performed either manually or mechanically.
METHODS: This was an observational manikin-based study. A total of 96 participants as well as two types of mechanical compression devices: Lucas-2 and AutoPulse, performed one minute of continuous chest compression on BT-CPEA programmed manikin while the ambulance travelled at different speeds, i.e., idle state, 30km/hr and 60km/hr. Seven outcome variables of chest compression were measured. Performance data of different groups of compressor were compared and analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS: In manual chest compression, significant variation were noted among different speeds in term of average compression rate (p<0.001), average compression depth (p=0.007), fraction of adequate/insufficient compression depth and fraction of normal hands positioning with p=0.018, 0.022 and 0.034 respectively. Overall, AutoPulse and Lucas-2 were not affected by ambulance speed. Lucas- 2 showed more consistent average compression rate, higher fraction of adequate compression depth and reduced fraction of insufficient compression depth as compared to manual compression with p<0.001, 0.001 and 0.043 respectively.
CONCLUSION: In this study we found that ambulance speed significantly affected certain aspects of manual chest compression most notably compression depth, rate and hand positioning. AutoPulse and Lucas-2 can improve these aspects by providing more consistent compression rate, depth and fraction of adequate compression depth during transport.
Living kidney donation: the importance of public education

Tumin M, Rasiah R, Noh A, Satar NM, Chong CS, Lim SK, et al.

Clin Transplant, 2014 Apr;28(4):423-7.
PMID: 24617562 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12334

A sample of Malaysians in the Klang Valley indicating their decision on becoming unrelated living kidney donors was surveyed regarding huge amounts of financial incentives to be rewarded to them. From the 1310 respondents, 72.1% said "no" on becoming a living donor. The reason "I don't think humans can live with only one kidney" scored the highest (35.6%), and from the 27.9% of the respondents who are willing to donate their organ with the right financial incentive, most of the respondents picked the reasons "I want to do something noble in life" (50%), and monetary reason scored the lowest (6.2%), indicating that financial incentive is not a major reason guiding individuals' decision on becoming living donors. We suggest that the government should put priority at targeting public education to raise the understanding on the risk, safety and the quality of life of donation and transplantation, and improving the public trust on the donation and the surgical methods to carry out transplantation.
Non-organ donors' attitudes toward incentives

Tumin M, Noh A, Chong CS, Lim SK, Abdullah N, Ng KP

Clin Transplant, 2013 May-Jun;27(3):E316-9.
PMID: 23600843 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12132

Malaysians indicating that they did not intend to become organ donors upon their death were surveyed regarding interest in non-fungible financial incentives to be granted to surviving family members. Among the 730 (56% of the total sample of 1311) indicating unwillingness to be donors, 29.6% (216/730) subsequently indicated that they would be willing donors if the government introduced policies that, upon their death, "rewarded your (their) family with incentives for your (their) deeds." Among the 69% (504/730) who insisted that they would not become organ donor even with incentive, nearly 80% (404/501) of them were able to identify relevant incentives they thought should be provided by the state to those who make organ donations upon death. The majority of both groups preferred the state provide medical benefits to a surviving family member, suggesting this may be an attractive policy option for the state to raise the deceased organ donation pool.
Fulltext Muslims' views on the permissibility of organ donation: The case of Malaysia

Tumin M, Noh A, Mohd Satar N, Tafran K, Abdullah N, Wan Md Adnan WAH, et al.

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2016;10(1):41-46.
MyJurnal

Background: Some argue that Malaysia’s extremely low organ donation rate is attributed to religion, specifically Islam. Testing this argument, this study asked Malaysian Muslims their views regarding various issues on organ donation and examined whether their decisions to donate organs are framed by religious beliefs.
Materials and Methods: This study investigated the perspectives of Malaysian Muslims between October and December 2013 in Kuala Lumpur. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 900 people, with 829 responses collected (92% response rate). Respondents’ verbal consent was taken before proceeding with the survey.
Results: The survey found that more than half of respondents felt that organ donation is permitted in
Islam and that it is a communal responsibility. However, the same proportions were unsure on the issues of rewards for organs or on whether Islam permits the procuring of organs from brain dead patients.
Conclusions: Malaysian Muslims are not against organ donation; however, encouraging organ donation requires the state to address public concerns on Islam’s views on this sensitive issue through effective policy tools to help address these gaps in Malaysian Muslims’ understanding of organ donation. The organ donation rate could improve by using Islamic scholars as ambassadors for an organ donation drive to convey the message of Malaysia’s urgent need for organ donation.
Effects of vegetable oil supplementation on rumen fermentation and microbial population in ruminant: a review

Ibrahim NA, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Samsudin AA, Candyrine SCL, Wan Mohamed WN, et al.

Trop Anim Health Prod, 2021 Jul 31;53(4):422.
PMID: 34331142 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02863-4

Understanding the nature of ruminant nutrition and digestion is essential to improve feeding management and animal production. Among many approaches, manipulating ruminant nutrition and fermentation through feed supplementation is being practised and researched. Over the last decade, the utilization of vegetable oils in feed formulation and their effects on various aspects of ruminants have been reported by many researchers. It is important to understand the lipid metabolism in ruminants by microorganisms because it affects the quality of ruminant-derived products such as meat and milk. Majority of vegetable oil supplementation could reduce rumen protozoa population in ruminants due to the effects of medium-chain fatty acids (FAs). However, vegetable oil also contains unsaturated FAs that are known to have a negative effect on cellulolytic bacteria which could show inhibitory effects of the fibre digestion. In this paper, the physiology of nutrient digestion of ruminants is described. This paper also provides a current review of studies done on improvement and modification of rumen fermentation and microbial population through vegetable oil supplementation.
From tap to table: An assessment of drinking water quality in Perak, Malaysia

Ibrahim TNBT, Feisal NAS, Azmi NM, Nazli SN, Salehuddin ASM, Nasir NICM, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2024 Mar;79(Suppl 1):14-22.
PMID: 38555880

INTRODUCTION: A study on the quality of drinking water was conducted at Air Kuning Treatment Plant In Perak, Malaysia, based on a sanitary survey in 14 sampling points stations from the intake area to the auxiliary points. This was to ensure the continuous supply of clean and safe drinking water to the consumers for public health protection. The objective was to examine the physical, microbiological, and chemical parameters of the water, classification at each site based on National Drinking Water Standards (NDWQS) and to understand the spatial variation using environmetric technique; principal component analysis (PCA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Water samples were subjected to in situ and laboratory water quality analyses and focused on pH, turbidity, chlorine, Escherichia coli, total coliform, total hardness, iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na). All procedures followed the American Public Health Association (APHA) testing procedures.
RESULTS: Based on the results obtained, the values of each parameter were found to be within the safe limits set by the NDWQS except for total coliform and iron (Fe). PCA has indicated that turbidity, total coliform, E. coli, Na, and Al were the major factors that contributed to the drinking water contamination in river water intake.
CONCLUSION: Overall, the water from all sampling point stations after undergoing water treatment process was found to be safe as drinking water. It is important to evaluate the drinking water quality of the treatment plant to ensure that consumers have access to safe and clean drinking water as well as community awareness on drinking water quality is essential to promote public health and environmental protection.