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  1. Detection of blaoxa genes and identification of biofilm-producing capacity of Acinetobacter baumannii in a tertiary teaching hospital, Klaten, Indonesia
    Nirwati H, Hakim MS, Darma S, Mustafa M, Nuryastuti T
    Med J Malaysia, 2018 10;73(5):291-296.
    PMID: 30350807
    INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is commonly found as an agent of nosocomial infections and demonstrates a high antibiotic resistance due to its carbapenemase production. The objectives of this study were to explore the antibiotic resistance pattern, the presence of OXAs genes and the biofilm-producing capacity of A. baumannii isolated from clinical specimens.

    METHODS: Antibiotics susceptibility testing, detection of OXAs genes and the biofilm-producing capacity were performed using the Kirby Bauer method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adherence quantitative assays, respectively.

    RESULTS: A total of 80 A. baumannii isolates were mainly obtained from sputum and most of them were resistant to antibiotics. All A. baumannii carried blaOXA-51 gene, yet no blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-58 genes were detected. Fourteen (82.4%) of the 17 meropenem resistant isolates carried blaOXA-23 gene, but it was not found in meropenem sensitive isolates. In addition, sixty (75.0%) of 80 isolates were biofilm producers with 2 (2.5%), 16 (20.0%), and 42 (52.5%) isolates were identified as strong, moderate and weak biofilm producers, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Most of A. baumannii isolates had a high level of antibiotic resistance and had a capacity to produce biofilm.

  2. RecA mediated spontaneous deletions of the icaADBC operon of clinical Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates: a new mechanism of phenotypic variations
    Nuryastuti T, Henny C, Henk JB, Roel K, Abu TA, Bastiaan PK
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:97.
    PMID: 19025002
    Phenotypic variation in biofilm formation is common in clinical isolates of S. epidermidis. In the current study, nearly 5% of all clinical isolates analysed showed phenotypic variation in biofilm forming ability and electrophoretic mobility (EM). This is the first report of S. epidermidis strains irreversibly switching from biofilm-positive to biofilm-negative phenotype by spontaneous deletion of icaADBC genes which represents a new, possibly common mechanism of phenotypic variation.
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