The Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) and Olive Ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) are the only sea turtles with recorded landings in the Pulau Pinang coastal area. The Green Turtle has been the most abundant and widely distributed sea turtle in this area since it was first surveyed in 1995. Statistical analysis by the Pulau Pinang Department of Fisheries on the distribution of sea turtles from 2001 through 2009 has identified Pantai Kerachut and Telok Kampi as the most strongly preferred beaches for Green Turtle landings, with records for almost every month in every year. Green Turtle tracks and nests have also been found along the coast of Pulau Pinang at Batu Ferringhi, Tanjong Bungah, Pantai Medan, Pantai Belanda, Telok Kumbar, Gertak Sanggul, Moonlight Beach, Telok Duyung, Telok Aling, Telok Bahang and Telok Katapang. The Olive Ridley Turtle is present in smaller numbers; landing and nesting have only been recorded on a few beaches. There are no previous records of Olive Ridley landings at Pantai Kerachut and Telok Kampi, but tracks and nests have been found at Telok Kumbar, Tanjong Bungah, Pantai Medan, Telok Duyung and Gertak Sanggul. A Turtle Conservation Centre has been established at Pantai Kerachut to protect these species from extinction in Pulau Pinang. This paper presents details of the records and distribution of sea turtles in Pulau Pinang from 1995 through 2009.
Foraging pattern of Chestnut-winged Babbler (Stachyris erythroptera) and Abbott’s Babbler (Malacocincla abbotti) was
studied in Lenggong Valley, Perak from July 2010 until July 2011. The study examines the patterns of foraging height,
foraging substrates and attack manoeuvres of two babbler species (Family: Timaliidae), to explain how these trophically
similar species can coexist in the same habitat; a central question in ecology. Information on the foraging height, foraging
substrate and attack manoeuvres was collected independently for each foraging bird. Principal component analysis and
Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that these two species used similar proportion of foraging height (>0-2 m above
the ground) and foraging substrate (dead leaves), but differed in the use of attack manoeuvres. The Chestnut-winged
babbler used primarily stretching manoeuvre, whereas the Abbott’s babbler used primarily gleaning manoeuvre. This
niche separation allowed these species to coexist in the same area, thus follows the Gause’ Law of competitive exclusion,
that states two species occupying the same niches will not coexist forever.