Displaying all 3 publications

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. A frequently missed entity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IpsO)
    Shirley L, Thundyil RJ
    Med J Malaysia, 2017 12;72(6):374-375.
    PMID: 29308779 MyJurnal
    Intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IpsO) is defined as presence of clinical features of intestinal obstruction without identifiable mechanical obstructive lesion. IpsO is an uncommon gastrointestinal manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is largely under-recognised. There are only over 30 published cases in English literature on SLE-related IpsO. Herein, we report two cases of SLE-related IpsO to illustrate the importance of early recognition to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention, as SLE-related IpsO responds well to systemic high dose corticosteroids. These two cases also demonstrate the apparent association of IpsO with uretero-hydronephrosis, suggesting that the possible mechanism could be smooth muscle dysmotility.
  2. Antimicrobial activities and toxicity of crude extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods
    Latha LY, Sasidharan S, Zuraini Z, Suryani S, Shirley L, Sangetha S, et al.
    Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 2006 Aug 28;4(1):59-63.
    PMID: 20162073
    The extract of the Psophocarpus tetragonolobus pods has been tested for antimicrobial activity in a disk diffusion assay on eight human pathogenic bacteria and two human pathogenic yeasts. The extracts of P. tetragonolobus possessed antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. The ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods was further tested for in vivo brine shrimp lethality test and in vitro sheep erythrocyte cytotoxic assay. The brine shrimp lethality test exhibited no significant toxicity (LC(50)=1.88 mg/ml) against Artemia salina, whereas sheep erythrocyte test showed significant toxicity. The reason for haemolysis of erythrocyte was discussed. The P. tetragonolobus extract with high LC(50) value signified that this plant is not toxic to human. This result also suggested that the ethanolic extract of P. tetragonolobus pods is potential source for novel antimicrobial compounds.
  3. Potential of E-Learning Interventions and Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Contouring Skills in Radiotherapy: The ELAISA Study
    Rasmussen ME, Akbarov K, Titovich E, Nijkamp JA, Van Elmpt W, Primdahl H, et al.
    JCO Glob Oncol, 2024 Aug;10:e2400173.
    PMID: 39236283 DOI: 10.1200/GO.24.00173
    PURPOSE: Most research on artificial intelligence-based auto-contouring as template (AI-assisted contouring) for organs-at-risk (OARs) stem from high-income countries. The effect and safety are, however, likely to depend on local factors. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AI-assisted contouring and teaching on contouring time and contour quality among radiation oncologists (ROs) working in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-seven ROs were randomly assigned to either manual or AI-assisted contouring of eight OARs for two head-and-neck cancer cases with an in-between teaching session on contouring guidelines. Thereby, the effect of teaching (yes/no) and AI-assisted contouring (yes/no) was quantified. Second, ROs completed short-term and long-term follow-up cases all using AI assistance. Contour quality was quantified with Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) between ROs' contours and expert consensus contours. Groups were compared using absolute differences in medians with 95% CIs.

    RESULTS: AI-assisted contouring without previous teaching increased absolute DSC for optic nerve (by 0.05 [0.01; 0.10]), oral cavity (0.10 [0.06; 0.13]), parotid (0.07 [0.05; 0.12]), spinal cord (0.04 [0.01; 0.06]), and mandible (0.02 [0.01; 0.03]). Contouring time decreased for brain stem (-1.41 [-2.44; -0.25]), mandible (-6.60 [-8.09; -3.35]), optic nerve (-0.19 [-0.47; -0.02]), parotid (-1.80 [-2.66; -0.32]), and thyroid (-1.03 [-2.18; -0.05]). Without AI-assisted contouring, teaching increased DSC for oral cavity (0.05 [0.01; 0.09]) and thyroid (0.04 [0.02; 0.07]), and contouring time increased for mandible (2.36 [-0.51; 5.14]), oral cavity (1.42 [-0.08; 4.14]), and thyroid (1.60 [-0.04; 2.22]).

    CONCLUSION: The study suggested that AI-assisted contouring is safe and beneficial to ROs working in LMICs. Prospective clinical trials on AI-assisted contouring should, however, be conducted upon clinical implementation to confirm the effects.

Related Terms
    Try searching for something
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links