This article describes the process of selecting a collection of professional and amateur videos that elicit five basic emotions (i.e., happiness, fear, disgust, anger, and sadness) and validating these videos in three groups of participants (i.e., Chinese from China, Chinese from Malaysia, and Bumiputera from Malaysia). In the video selection phase, professional videos, which were Western movie trailers, were selected from IMDb (Internet Movie Database) and amateur videos were selected from YouTube. The researchers selected videos that display five basic emotions, identified the time frames with the strongest display of emotion, and rated the emotional intensity of each video on a 5-point Likert scale. After the initial stage of selection, two other researchers performed an emotion recognition task by watching the videos without audio to ensure that the emotions can be elicited without understanding the language. This data was used to refine the final selection of 20 professional videos and 20 amateur videos. In the video validation phase, 30 participants were asked to identify and rate the intensity of emotion felt. This article includes a description of the video selection method, a detailed list of the videos selected, and participants' responses and ratings of emotional intensity for the 40 videos.
Visual adaptation has been proposed as a mechanism linking viewing images of thin women's bodies with body size and shape misperception (BSSM). Non-Caucasian populations appear less susceptible to BSSM, possibly because adaptation to thin Caucasian bodies in Western media may not fully transfer to own-race bodies. Experiment 1 used a cross-adaptation paradigm to examine the transfer of body size aftereffects across races. Large aftereffects were found in the predicted directions for all conditions. The strength of aftereffects was statistically equivalent when the race of test stimuli was congruent vs. incongruent with the race of adaptation stimuli, suggesting complete transfer of aftereffects across races. Experiment 2 used a contingent-adaptation paradigm, finding that simultaneous adaptation to wide Asian and narrow Caucasian women's bodies (or vice versa) results in no significant aftereffects for either congruent or incongruent conditions and statistically equivalent results for each. Equal and opposite adaptation effects may therefore transfer completely across races, canceling each other out. This suggests that body size is encoded by a race-general neural mechanism. Unexpectedly, Asian observers showed reduced body size aftereffects compared to Caucasian observers, regardless of the race of stimulus bodies, perhaps helping to explain why Asian populations appear less susceptible to BSSM.
Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov's valence-dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov's methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov's original analysis strategy, the valence-dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence-dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 5 November 2018. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7611443.v1 .