To which world regions does the valence-dominance model of social perception apply?

Jones BC 1 , DeBruine LM 2 , Flake JK 3 , Liuzza MT 4 , Antfolk J 5 , Arinze NC 6 Show all authors , Ndukaihe ILG 6 , Bloxsom NG 7 , Lewis SC 7 , Foroni F 8 , Willis ML 8 , Cubillas CP 9 , Vadillo MA 9 , Turiegano E 10 , Gilead M 11 , Simchon A 11 , Saribay SA 12 , Owsley NC 13 , Jang C 13 , Mburu G 13 , Calvillo DP 14 , Wlodarczyk A 15 , Qi Y 16 , Ariyabuddhiphongs K 17 , Jarukasemthawee S 17 , Manley H 17 , Suavansri P 17 , Taephant N 17 , Stolier RM 18 , Evans TR 19 , Bonick J 20 , Lindemans JW 20 , Ashworth LF 21 , Hahn AC 21 , Chevallier C 22 , Kapucu A 23 , Karaaslan A 23 , Leongómez JD 24 , Sánchez OR 24 , Valderrama E 24 , Vásquez-Amézquita M 24 , Hajdu N 25 , Aczel B 26 , Szecsi P 26 , Andreychik M 27 , Musser ED 28 , Batres C 29 , Hu CP 30 , Liu QL 31 , Legate N 32 , Vaughn LA 33 , Barzykowski K 34 , Golik K 34 , Schmid I 35 , Stieger S 35 , Artner R 36 , Mues C 36 , Vanpaemel W 37 , Jiang Z 38 , Wu Q 38 , Marcu GM 39 , Stephen ID 40 , Lu JG 41 , Philipp MC 42 , Arnal JD 43 , Hehman E 3 , Xie SY 3 , Chopik WJ 44 , Seehuus M 45 , Azouaghe S 46 , Belhaj A 46 , Elouafa J 46 , Wilson JP 47 , Kruse E 48 , Papadatou-Pastou M 49 , De La Rosa-Gómez A 50 , Barba-Sánchez AE 50 , González-Santoyo I 51 , Hsu T 52 , Kung CC 52 , Wang HH 52 , Freeman JB 53 , Oh DW 54 , Schei V 55 , Sverdrup TE 55 , Levitan CA 56 , Cook CL 57 , Chandel P 58 , Kujur P 58 , Parganiha A 58 , Parveen N 58 , Pati AK 58 , Pradhan S 58 , Singh MM 58 , Pande B 59 , Bavolar J 60 , Kačmár P 60 , Zakharov I 61 , Álvarez-Solas S 62 , Baskin E 63 , Thirkettle M 64 , Schmidt K 65 , Christopherson CD 66 , Leonis T 66 , Suchow JW 67 , Olofsson JK 68 , Jernsäther T 68 , Lee AS 69 , Beaudry JL 70 , Gogan TD 70 , Oldmeadow JA 70 , Balas B 71 , Stevens LM 72 , Colloff MF 72 , Flowe HD 72 , Gülgöz S 73 , Brandt MJ 74 , Hoyer K 74 , Jaeger B 74 , Ren D 74 , Sleegers WWA 74 , Wissink J 74 , Kaminski G 75 , Floerke VA 76 , Urry HL 76 , Chen SC 77 , Pfuhl G 78 , Vally Z 79 , Basnight-Brown DM 80 , Jzerman HI 81 , Sarda E 81 , Neyroud L 82 , Badidi T 83 , Van der Linden N 84 , Tan CBY 85 , Kovic V 86 , Sampaio W 87 , Ferreira P 88 , Santos D 88 , Burin DI 89 , Gardiner G 90 , Protzko J 91 , Schild C 92 , Ścigała KA 92 , Zettler I 92 , O'Mara Kunz EM 93 , Storage D 94 , Wagemans FMA 95 , Saunders B 96 , Sirota M 97 , Sloane GV 97 , Lima TJS 98 , Uittenhove K 99 , Vergauwe E 99 , Jaworska K 2 , Stern J 100 , Ask K 101 , van Zyl CJJ 102 , Körner A 103 , Weissgerber SC 103 , Boudesseul J 104 , Ruiz-Dodobara F 104 , Ritchie KL 105 , Michalak NM 106 , Blake KR 107 , White D 107 , Gordon-Finlayson AR 108 , Anne M 109 , Janssen SMJ 109 , Lee KM 109 , Nielsen TK 110 , Tamnes CK 110 , Zickfeld JH 111 , Rosa AD 112 , Vianello M 112 , Kocsor F 113 , Kozma L 113 , Putz Á 113 , Tressoldi P 114 , Irrazabal N 115 , Chatard A 116 , Lins S 117 , Pinto IR 117 , Lutz J 118 , Adamkovic M 119 , Babincak P 119 , Baník G 119 , Ropovik I 120 , Coetzee V 121 , Dixson BJW 122 , Ribeiro G 122 , Peters K 122 , Steffens NK 122 , Tan KW 123 , Thorstenson CA 124 , Fernandez AM 125 , Hsu RMCS 126 , Valentova JV 126 , Varella MAC 126 , Corral-Frías NS 127 , Frías-Armenta M 127 , Hatami J 128 , Monajem A 128 , Sharifian M 128 , Frohlich B 129 , Lin H 130 , Inzlicht M 130 , Alaei R 130 , Rule NO 130 , Lamm C 131 , Pronizius E 131 , Voracek M 131 , Olsen J 132 , Giolla EM 133 , Akgoz A 134 , Özdoğru AA 134 , Crawford MT 135 , Bennett-Day B 136 , Koehn MA 137 , Okan C 138 , Gill T 139 , Miller JK 140 , Dunham Y 141 , Yang X 141 , Alper S 142 , Borras-Guevara ML 143 , Cai SJ 144 , Tiantian D 144 , Danvers AF 145 , Feinberg DR 146 , Armstrong MM 146 , Gilboa-Schechtman E 147 , McCarthy RJ 148 , Muñoz-Reyes JA 149 , Polo P 149 , Shiramazu VKM 150 , Yan WJ 151 , Carvalho L 152 , Forscher PS 82 , Chartier CR 7 , Coles NA 153

Affiliations 

  • 1 School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK. psysciacc.001@gmail.com
  • 2 Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
  • 3 Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
  • 4 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
  • 5 Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
  • 6 Department of Psychology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
  • 7 Department of Psychology, Ashland University, Danville, CA, USA
  • 8 School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 9 Department of Basic Psychology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • 10 Department of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  • 11 Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
  • 12 Department of Psychology, Boğaziçi University, Beşiktaş, Turkey
  • 13 Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, Nairobi, Kenya
  • 14 Psychology Department, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
  • 15 School of Psychology, Catholic University of the North, Antofagasta, Chile
  • 16 Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
  • 17 Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 18 Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
  • 19 School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
  • 20 Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
  • 21 Department of Psychology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
  • 22 Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Computationnelles, Département d'Études Cognitives, INSERM U960, École Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
  • 23 Psychology Department, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
  • 24 Faculty of Psychology, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
  • 25 Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
  • 26 Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
  • 27 Department of Psychology, Fairfield University, Fairfield, CT, USA
  • 28 Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
  • 29 Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA
  • 30 Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
  • 31 Department of Psychology, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
  • 32 Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
  • 33 Department of Psychology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA
  • 34 Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
  • 35 Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
  • 36 Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  • 37 Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  • 38 Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
  • 39 Department of Psychology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, Romania
  • 40 Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 41 Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
  • 42 School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
  • 43 Psychology Department, McDaniel College, Westminster, CO, USA
  • 44 Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
  • 45 Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA
  • 46 Department of Psychology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
  • 47 Psychology Department, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
  • 48 EGADE Business School, Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Monterrey, Mexico
  • 49 School of Education, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
  • 50 School of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 51 Department of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
  • 52 Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
  • 53 Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
  • 54 Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
  • 55 Department of Strategy and Management, Norwegian School of Economics (NHH), Bergen, Norway
  • 56 Department of Cognitive Science, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, USA
  • 57 Department of Psychology, Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, WA, USA
  • 58 School of Studies in Life Science, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
  • 59 Center for Basic Sciences, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, India
  • 60 Department of Psychology, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
  • 61 Developmental Behavioral Genetics Lab, Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia
  • 62 Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Guayaquil, Ecuador
  • 63 Department of Food Marketing, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
  • 64 Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
  • 65 School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
  • 66 Psychology Department, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR, USA
  • 67 School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
  • 68 Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 69 Department of Psychology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
  • 70 Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  • 71 Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
  • 72 School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
  • 73 Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 74 Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
  • 75 CLLE, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
  • 76 Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
  • 77 Department of Human Development and Psychology, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
  • 78 Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
  • 79 Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  • 80 United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
  • 81 LIP/PC2S, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
  • 82 Department of Psychology, Université Grenoble Alpes, Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
  • 83 Department of Psychology, Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra, Morocco
  • 84 Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  • 85 Department of Community and Family Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
  • 86 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • 87 Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 88 Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
  • 89 Instituto de Investigaciones, Facultad de Psicologia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 90 Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
  • 91 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
  • 92 Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 93 Department of Psychology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, USA
  • 94 Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
  • 95 Institute for Socio-Economics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
  • 96 School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
  • 97 Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
  • 98 Department of Social and Work Psychology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
  • 99 Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 100 Department of Psychology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
  • 101 Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • 102 Department of Psychology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
  • 103 Department of Psychology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
  • 104 Institute of Scientific Research, Faculty of Psychology, University of Lima, Lima, Peru
  • 105 School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
  • 106 Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  • 107 Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 108 Faculty of Health, Education and Society, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK
  • 109 School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
  • 110 Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • 111 Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
  • 112 Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  • 113 Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
  • 114 Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  • 115 Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 116 Psychology Department, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
  • 117 Department of Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  • 118 Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
  • 119 Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
  • 120 Faculty of Education, University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
  • 121 Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
  • 122 School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • 123 School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
  • 124 Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
  • 125 School of Psychology, University of Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile
  • 126 Institute of Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 127 Department of Psychology, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
  • 128 Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  • 129 Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
  • 130 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • 131 Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • 132 Department of Applied Psychology: Work, Education and Economy, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • 133 Department of Behavioral Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
  • 134 Department of Psychology, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 135 School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
  • 136 Department of Psychology, Wesleyan College, Middletown, CT, USA
  • 137 Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
  • 138 School of Social Science and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 139 Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
  • 140 Department of Psychology, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA
  • 141 Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
  • 142 Department of Psychology, Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey
  • 143 University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
  • 144 Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
  • 145 University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
  • 146 Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
  • 147 Bar-Ilan University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  • 148 Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
  • 149 Playa Ancha University of Educational Sciences, Valparaiso, Chile
  • 150 Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
  • 151 Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
  • 152 FGV/EAESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • 153 Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Nat Hum Behav, 2021 01;5(1):159-169.
PMID: 33398150 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-020-01007-2

Abstract

Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov's valence-dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov's methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov's original analysis strategy, the valence-dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence-dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 5 November 2018. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7611443.v1 .

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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