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  1. Kim MJ, Bae IK, Jeong SH, Kim SH, Song JH, Choi JY, et al.
    J Antimicrob Chemother, 2013 Dec;68(12):2820-4.
    PMID: 23843299 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt269
    To investigate the epidemiological traits of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MPPA) clinical isolates collected by the Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP).
  2. Baek JY, Kang CI, Kim SH, Ko KS, Chung DR, Peck KR, et al.
    Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2016 Jun;85(2):218-20.
    PMID: 27083121 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.02.022
    Tedizolid phosphate is a second-generation oxazolidinone prodrug that is potential activity against a wide range of Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant streptococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The in vitro activity of tedizolid and other comparator agents against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pneumococci from various Asian countries were evaluated. Of the S. pneumoniae clinical pneumonia isolates collected during 2008 and 2009 from 8 Asian countries (Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines, and Sri Lanka), 104 isolates of MDR pneumococci were included in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 18 antimicrobial agents was performed by broth microdilution method. Tedizolid was highly active against pneumococci. All isolates tested were inhibited at a tedizolid minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of ≤0.25μg/ml (ranged from ≤0.03μg/ml to 0.25μg/ml). The MIC50 and MIC90 of tedizolid against MDR pneumococci were both 0.12μg/ml, while MIC50 and MIC90 of linezolid were 0.5μg/ml and 1μg/ml, respectively. In addition, tedizolid maintained the activity against S. pneumoniae regardless of the extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype of the isolates. The activity of tedizolid was excellent against all types of MDR pneumococci, exhibiting and maintaining at least 4-fold-greater potency compared to linezolid, regardless of resistance phenotypes to other commonly utilized agents. Tedizolid has the potential to be an agent to treat infections caused by MDR pneumococci in the Asia.
  3. Lai CC, Lee K, Xiao Y, Ahmad N, Veeraraghavan B, Thamlikitkul V, et al.
    J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 2014 Sep;2(3):141-147.
    PMID: 27873720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2014.02.007
    The rapid development of antimicrobial resistance among micro-organisms is a serious public health concern. Moreover, the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria makes this issue a global problem, and Asia is no exception. For example, since New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacteriaceae were identified in India, further spread of NDM has become a worldwide threat. However, the epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Asia may be different to other regions, and clinical condition may be worse than in western countries. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including community-acquired and hospital-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, macrolide- and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, extend-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp., are becoming prevalent in many countries in Asia. Moreover, the prevalence of each antibiotic-resistant bacterium in each country is not identical. This review provides useful information regarding the critical condition of antibiotic resistance in Asia and emphasises the importance of continuous surveillance of resistance data.
  4. Kim SH, Chung DR, Song JH, Baek JY, Thamlikitkul V, Wang H, et al.
    Vaccine, 2020 08 27;38(38):6065-6073.
    PMID: 31590932 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.065
    This study was performed to investigate the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Asian countries. A prospective surveillance study on S. pneumoniae collected from adult patients (≥50 years old) with invasive pneumococcal disease or community-acquired pneumonia was performed at 66 hospitals in Asian countries (Korea, China, Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, and Thailand) in 2012-2017. Serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of 850 pneumococcal isolates were performed. The proportions of isolates with serotypes covered by 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were 37.0% in Korea, 53.4% in China, 77.2% in Malaysia, 35.9% in the Philippines, 68.7% in Singapore, and 60.2% in Thailand. Major serotypes were 19F (10.4%), 19A (10.1%), and 3 (8.5%) in 2012-2017, with different serotype distributions in each country. Macrolide resistance in pneumococci was high (66.8%) and prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) also remained high (50.8%). MDR non-PCV13 serotypes such as 11A, 15A, 35B, and 23A have emerged in Asian countries. This study showed the persistent prevalence of 19F and 19A with a noteworthy increase of certain non-PCV13 serotypes in Asian countries. High prevalence of macrolide resistance and MDR was also found in pneumococcal isolates. These data emphasize the need for continued surveillance of pneumococcal epidemiology in Asia in the post-pneumococcal vaccine era.
  5. Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim HW, Kim SH, Chung DR, Peck KR, et al.
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2013 Nov;57(11):5239-46.
    PMID: 23939892 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00633-13
    In this surveillance study, we identified the genotypes, carbapenem resistance determinants, and structural variations of AbaR-type resistance islands among carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates from nine Asian locales. Clonal complex 92 (CC92), corresponding to global clone 2 (GC2), was the most prevalent in most Asian locales (83/108 isolates; 76.9%). CC108, or GC1, was a predominant clone in India. OXA-23 oxacillinase was detected in CRAB isolates from most Asian locales except Taiwan. blaOXA-24 was found in CRAB isolates from Taiwan. AbaR4-type resistance islands, which were divided into six subtypes, were identified in most CRAB isolates investigated. Five isolates from India, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong contained AbaR3-type resistance islands. Of these, three isolates harbored both AbaR3- and AbaR4-type resistance islands simultaneously. In this study, GC2 was revealed as a prevalent clone in most Asian locales, with the AbaR4-type resistance island predominant, with diverse variants. The significance of this study lies in identifying the spread of global clones of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in Asia.
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