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Melioidosis, the great mimicker: a report of 10 cases from Malaysia

Yee KC, Lee MK, Chua CT, Puthucheary SD

J Trop Med Hyg, 1988 Oct;91(5):249-54.
PMID: 3184245

Between 1981 and 1986, 10 consecutive cases of melioidosis were seen at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. They illustrate the amazing guises of melioidosis presenting as: abscesses of the supraspinatus muscle, psoas muscle, brain and liver; three different pulmonary forms; an acute suppurative dermal lesion; an acute septicaemia; and chronic lymphadenitis. The majority had underlying diseases: diabetes mellitus, the commonest, was present in six, out of whom three had previous pulmonary tuberculosis; other predisposing conditions were renal failure, corticosteroid therapy and malnutrition. Three patients who died had pre-existing renal impairment and developed renal failure later, suggesting that the former is a bad prognostic sign. Clinical diagnosis was difficult: all cases were diagnosed bacteriologically. A high level of clinical awareness is necessary, especially when presentation simulates pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes or other compromised states.
Short treatment schedules of itraconazole in dermatophytosis

Chow KW, Ting HC, Yap YP, Yee KC, Purushotaman A, Subramanian S, et al.

Int J Dermatol, 1998 Jun;37(6):446-8.
PMID: 9646134
Fulltext Effect of Ni on the Suppression of Sn Whisker Formation in Sn-0.7Cu Solder Joint

Hashim AN, Salleh MAAM, Sandu AV, Ramli MM, Yee KC, Mohd Mokhtar NZ, et al.

Materials (Basel), 2021 Feb 05;14(4).
PMID: 33562471 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040738

The evolution of internal compressive stress from the intermetallic compound (IMC) Cu6Sn5 growth is commonly acknowledged as the key inducement initiating the nucleation and growth of tin (Sn) whisker. This study investigates the effect of Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni on the nucleation and growth of Sn whisker under continuous mechanical stress induced. The Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni solder joint has a noticeable effect of suppression by diminishing the susceptibility of nucleation and growth of Sn whisker. By using a synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) spectroscopy, it was found that a small amount of Ni alters the microstructure of Cu6Sn5 to form a (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 intermetallic layer. The morphology structure of the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 interfacial intermetallic layer and Sn whisker growth were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in secondary and backscattered electron imaging mode, which showed that there is a strong correlation between the formation of Sn whisker and the composition of solder alloy. The thickness of the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 IMC interfacial layer was relatively thinner and more refined, with a continuous fine scallop-shaped IMC interfacial layer, and consequently enhanced a greater incubation period for the nucleation and growth of the Sn whisker. These verification outcomes proposes a scientifically foundation to mitigate Sn whisker growth in lead-free solder joint.
A study on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Southeast Asian dermatologists in the management of atopic dermatitis

Chan YC, Tay YK, Sugito TL, Boediardja SA, Chau DD, Nguyen KV, et al.

Ann Acad Med Singap, 2006 Nov;35(11):794-803.
PMID: 17160196

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Southeast Asian dermatologists in the management of atopic dermatitis (AD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire survey of 255 dermatologists in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.
RESULTS: Familiarity with diagnostic criteria varied considerably. The usage of moisturisers by the respondents from Vietnam and Indonesia was significantly less frequent than the other countries. Most respondents (91% to 100%) used topical corticosteroids in children with mild-to-moderately severe dermatitis. Some respondents in the Philippines (17% to 19%) and Vietnam (11% to 25%) only used topical corticosteroids for severe disease. For infected eczema, most respondents would prescribe systemic antibiotics for mild-to-moderate infection. A minority in the Philippines (14%) and Vietnam (11%) did so only for severe infection. The top 4 systemic antibiotics prescribed most frequently were: erythromycin, cloxacillin, cephalosporin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. In Indonesia, a large proportion of the respondents (47%) prescribed amoxicillin most frequently. The majority of respondents (60% to 100%) prescribed both sedating and non-sedating oral antihistamines. Most respondents used oral corticosteroids to treat severe AD. Some in Malaysia, Singapore and Vietnam used cyclosporin (7% to 58%), azathioprine (5% to 31%) and methotrexate (5% to 14%). With the exception of those in Singapore, the majority of respondents (71% to 97%) did not use phototherapy.
CONCLUSION: Familiarity with diagnostic criteria, the early and judicious use of moisturisers and topical corticosteroids, as well as the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus superinfection with penicillinase-stable antibiotics should be emphasised in this region.