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  1. Fulltext Cryptorchidism is a Useful Clue for Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Pituitary Stalk Thickening
    Nagaratnam S, Rajoo S, Bidin MBL, Zain NRM
    J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2021;36(1):95-97.
    PMID: 34177095 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.036.01.09
    Pituitary stalk lesions can represent a wide range of pathologies. The exact cause is often unknown due to hesitancy to proceed with biopsy. We present a 16-year-old adolescent who presented with delayed puberty, short stature and bilateral cryptorchidism. He was found to have a thickened pituitary stalk of uncertain etiology with partial hypopituitarism (gonadotrophin and growth hormone deficiency) on further assessment. The presence of bilateral cryptorchidism and micropenis represents lack of "mini puberty," a phenomenon of activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in-utero or within the first few months of life.1 These key clinical features have been useful to establish an early temporal relationship and suggest a congenital origin of disease. This enabled a more conservative approach of surveillance to be employed as opposed to invasive pathological examination with pituitary stalk biopsy.
  2. Prediction of Histological Grade and Completeness of Resection of Intracranial Meningiomas: Role of Peritumoural Brain Edema
    Palaniandy K, Haspani MSM, Zain NRM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2017 May;24(3):33-43.
    PMID: 28814931 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.3.5
    BACKGROUND: Meningioma is the commonest primary intracranial tumour in adults. Excision is curative for low grade meningioma, whereas high-grade meningioma requires adjuvant therapy following surgery. Several studies have examined the association between peritumoural brain Edema - a common feature in meningioma - and histological grading with mixed results. The present study attempted to elucidate this association and if peritumoural brain Edema affects the intra-operative judgement of surgeons on the completeness of resection.

    METHODS: An observational study was conducted among those who underwent surgery for meningioma. Eighteen subjects were recruited each for low- and high-grades, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to surgery was employed for interpreting the Edema index and MRI after surgery was used to determine residual tumour.

    RESULTS: Median age was 50 years, male to female ratio was 1:3.5, 69.4% had peritumoural brain Edema and 75% had reported gross resection. Among the reported gross total resection cases, 40.7% had residual tumour. Analysis showed statistically significant association between peritumoural brain Edema (P = 0.027) and tumour volume (P = 0.001) with high-grade meningioma, however multivariate analysis did not present any association. No association was noted between judgement of tumour resection by surgeons and peritumoural brain Edema.

    CONCLUSION: Odds ratio for peritumoural brain Edema remained high and the tumour volume exhibited marginal P-value marginal significance for prediction of high grade meningioma. These two factors may still contribute to the tumour grade and should be included in further studies on the prognosis of meningioma.

  3. Fulltext The Efficacy of Intra-Operative Ultrasound for Tumour Resection Compared to Post-Operative MRI Brain
    Ganison KD, Haspani MSM, Zain NRM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2017 Dec;24(6):113-116.
    PMID: 29379395 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.6.15
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