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  1. Jnr BA, Nweke LO, Al-Sharafi MA
    Health Technol (Berl), 2021;11(2):395-403.
    PMID: 33163323 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-020-00502-w
    The novel coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection has altered the society, economy, and entire healthcare system. Whilst this pandemic has presented the healthcare system with unprecedented challenges, it has rapidly promoted the adoption of telemedicine to deliver healthcare at a distance. Telemedicine is the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for collecting, organizing, storing, retrieving, and exchanging medical information. But it is faced with the limitations of conventional IP-based protocols which makes it challenging to provide Quality of Service (QoS) for telemedicine due to issues arising from network congestion. Likewise, medical professionals adopting telemedicine are affected with low QoS during health consultations with outpatients due to increased internet usage. Therefore, this study proposes a Software-Defined Networking (SDN) based telemedicine architecture to provide QoS during telemedicine health consultations. This study utilizes secondary data from existing research works in the literature to provide a roadmap for the application of SDN to improve QoS in telemedicine during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings from this study present a practical approach for applying SDN in telemedicine to provide appropriate bandwidth and facilitate real time transmission of medical data.
  2. Abdalkareem ZA, Amir A, Al-Betar MA, Ekhan P, Hammouri AI
    Health Technol (Berl), 2021;11(3):445-469.
    PMID: 33868893 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00547-5
    This paper offers a summary of the latest studies on healthcare scheduling problems including patients' admission scheduling problem, nurse scheduling problem, operation room scheduling problem, surgery scheduling problem and other healthcare scheduling problems. The paper provides a comprehensive survey on healthcare scheduling focuses on the recent literature. The development of healthcare scheduling research plays a critical role in optimizing costs and improving the patient flow, providing prompt administration of treatment, and the optimal use of the resources provided and accessible in the hospitals. In the last decades, the healthcare scheduling methods that aim to automate the search for optimal resource management in hospitals by using metaheuristics methods have proliferated. However, the reported results are disintegrated since they solved every specific problem independently, given that there are many versions of problem definition and various data sets available for each of these problems. Therefore, this paper integrates the existing results by performing a comprehensive review and analyzing 190 articles based on four essential components in solving optimization problems: problem definition, formulations, data sets, and methods. This paper summarizes the latest healthcare scheduling problems focusing on patients' admission scheduling problems, nurse scheduling problems, and operation room scheduling problems considering these are the most common issues found in the literature. Furthermore, this review aims to help researchers to highlight some development from the most recent papers and grasp the new trends for future directions.
  3. Yeong CH, Azhari HA, Parveen S, Juyena NS, Nahar N, Islam MA, et al.
    Health Technol (Berl), 2021;11(5):1149-1163.
    PMID: 34485010 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00588-w
    This article aims to highlight some of the contributions from Bangladeshi and Malaysian women scientists in the fields of health informatics, medical physics and biomedical engineering, and veterinary science in combating the COVID-19 world crisis. The status of COVID-19 situations in Bangladesh and Malaysia in respect to global scenario, some relevant government policies, lessons learnt from previous pandemics, socio-economic impacts of COVID-19, the impact on healthcare system and health management approaches taken by individual/institutional research group led by women scientists during the COVID-19 pandemic have been discussed and demonstrated in this article. These promising activities and initiatives will eventually motivate other women in science and extend their roles from laboratory to society in more aspects.
  4. Lim WJ, Abdul Ghani NM
    Health Technol (Berl), 2022;12(1):215-226.
    PMID: 35036282 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00631-w
    A mandatory self-quarantine is necessary for those who return from overseas or any red zone areas. It is important that the self-quarantine is conducted without the non-adherence issue occurring and causes the self-quarantine individual to be the carrier of the COVID-19 in the community. To navigate and resolve this issue, most countries have implemented a series of COVID-19 monitoring and tracing systems. However, there are some restrictions and limitation which can lead to intentional non-adherence. The quarantined individuals can still travel within the community by removing the wristband or simply providing an incorrect contact status in the tracing application. In this paper, a novel configuration for mandatory self-quarantine system is proposed. It will enable interaction between the wearable and contact tracing technologies to ensure that the authorities have total control of the system. The hardware of the proposed system in the wearable device is low in cost, lightweight and safe to use for the next user after the quarantine is completed. The software (software and database) that linked between the quarantine user and normal user utilizes edge artificial intelligence (AI) for reporting and flagging mechanisms.
  5. Velu SR, Ravi V, Tabianan K
    Health Technol (Berl), 2022;12(6):1237-1258.
    PMID: 36246540 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-022-00701-7
    Purpose: Research into predictive analytics, which helps predict future values using historical data, is crucial. In order to foresee future instances of COVID-19, a method based on the Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) model is proposed here. Additionally, the suggested model is able to predict tourist arrivals in the tourism business by factoring in COVID-19 during the pandemic. In this paper, we present a model that uses time-series analysis to predict the impact of a pandemic event, in this case the spread of the Coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19).

    Methods: The proposed approach outperformed the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Holt Winters models in all experiments for forecasting future values using COVID-19 and tourism datasets, with the lowest mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The SARIMA model predicts COVID-19 and tourist arrivals with and without the COVID-19 pandemic with less than 5% MAPE error.

    Results: The suggested method provides a dashboard that shows COVID-19 and tourism-related information to end users. The suggested tool can be deployed in the healthcare, tourism, and government sectors to monitor the number of COVID-19 cases and determine the correlation between COVID-19 cases and tourism.

    Conclusion: Management in the tourism industries and stakeholders are expected to benefit from this study in making decisions about whether or not to keep funding a given tourism business. The datasets, codes, and all the experiments are available for further research, and details are included in the appendix.

  6. Velu SR, Ravi V, Tabianan K
    Health Technol (Berl), 2022;12(6):1211-1235.
    PMID: 36406184 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-022-00713-3
    Purpose: This study proposes to identify potential liver patients based on the results of a liver function test performed during a health screening to search for signs of liver disease. It is critical to detect a liver patient at an early stage in order to treat them effectively. A liver function test's level of specific enzymes and proteins in the blood is evaluated to determine if a patient has liver disease.

    Methods: According to a review of the literature, general practitioners (GPs) rarely investigate any anomalies in liver function tests to the level indicated by national standards. The authors have used data pre-processing in this work. The collection has 30691 records with 11 attributes. The classification model is utilized to construct an effective prediction system to aid general practitioners in identifying a liver patient using data mining.

    Results: The collected results indicate that both the Naïve Bayes and C4.5 Decision Tree models give accurate predictions. However, given the C4.5 model offers more accurate predictions than the Naïve Bayes model, it can be assumed that the C4.5 model is superior for this research. Consequently, the liver patient prediction system will be developed using the rules given by the C4.5 Decision Tree model in order to predict the patient class. The training set, suggested data mining with a classification model achieved 99.36% accuracy and on the testing set, 98.40% accuracy. On the training set, the enhanced accuracy relative to the current system was 29.5, while on the test set, it was 28.73. In compared to state-of-the-art models, the proposed approach yields satisfactory outcomes.

    Conclusion: The proposed technique offers a variety of data visualization and user interface options, and this type of platform can be used as an early diagnosis tool for liver-related disorders in the healthcare sector. This study suggests a machine learning-based technique for predicting liver disease. The framework includes a user interface via which healthcare providers can enter patient information.

  7. Dodoo JE, Al-Samarraie H, Alsswey A
    Health Technol (Berl), 2021 Nov 25.
    PMID: 34849325 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00626-7
    Monitoring the progress of telemedicine use in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries has received a considerable attention from many health organizations and governmental agencies. This study reviewed the current progress and challenges in relation to the development of telemedicine programs in SSA. The results from reviewing 66 empirical studies revealed an unbalanced progress across SSA countries. Further, technological, organisational, legal and regulatory, individual, financial, and cultural aspects were identified as the major barriers to the success of telemedicine development in SSA. This study reported the current trends in telemedicine application, as well as highlighting critical barriers for consideration by healthcare decision makers. The outcomes from this study offer a number of recommendations to support wider implementation and sustainable usage of telemedicine in SSA.
  8. Bezak E, Borrás C, Hasford F, Karmaker N, Keyser A, Stoeva M, et al.
    Health Technol (Berl), 2023;13(3):495-503.
    PMID: 37303976 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-023-00756-0
    PURPOSE: Science diplomacy in medical physics is a relatively young research field and translational practice that focuses on establishing international collaborations to address some of the questions biomedical professionals face globally. This paper aims to present an overview of science diplomacy in medical physics, from an international perspective, illustrating the ways collaborations within and across continents can lead to scientific and professional achievements that advance scientific growth and improve patients care.

    METHODS: Science diplomacy actions were sought that promote collaborations in medical physics across the continents, related to professional and scientific aspects alike.

    RESULTS: Several science diplomacy actions have been identified to promote education and training, to facilitate research and development, to effectively communicate science to the public, to enable equitable access of patients to healthcare and to focus on gender equity within the profession as well as healthcare provision. Scientific and professional organizations in the field of medical physics across all continents have adopted a number of efforts in their aims, many of them with great success, to promote science diplomacy and to foster international collaborations.

    CONCLUSIONS: Professionals in medical physics can advance through international cooperation, by building strong communication across scientific communities, addressing rising demands, exchange scientific information and knowledge.

  9. Hossain MA, Ahmad M, Islam MR, David Y
    Health Technol (Berl), 2020;10(2):547-561.
    PMID: 32432021 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-019-00390-9
    At present, the patient care delivery system (PCDS) in a hospital/medical institute/clinic is absolutely medical technology-dependent and this tendency is found to increase day by day. To ensure the quality of patient care (QPC) appropriate implementation of the patient care technology management system (PCTMS) is necessary. Unfortunately, it is found to be absent in the healthcare delivery system in most of the countries in the world. The situation is very much severe, particularly, in medium- and low-income countries like Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan, etc. The opposite scenario is found in high-income countries, specifically, in Japan where QPC has been improved significantly by adopting the clinical engineering approach (CEA) in their PCDS. Up to now, QPC is determined based on prediction as there are no mathematical ways to evaluate it properly. In this study, we for the first time, propose a mathematical model to evaluate the QPC quantitatively based on feedback control analogy taking into account of CEA in PCTMS, particularly, for clinical and surgical equipment. The model consists of three subsections: the clinical engineering department (CED), PCTMS, and health care engineering directorate (HCED). The correlation among the subsections and their performance parameters are defined and standardized. Multiple linear regression method is applied to derive the least square normal equations for each of the subsections and then the regression coefficients are solved by the standard data taken from 1000 beds hospitals of different countries. The model is applied to reveal the present status of QPC for 18 different countries including high-, middle-, and low-income countries of the world. The results obtained from the model demonstrate that the present status of QPC in Japan is 84.69% and in Pakistan, it is only 0.20%. This huge discrepancy is identified to be caused by the inclusion of CEA in PCDS of Japan. The proposed model can be applied to evaluate the QPC of a hospital/in a country and hence to take necessary steps accordingly for establishing the proposed research methodology. It is to be mentioned here that the proposed model cannot be applied to evaluate the QPC in some countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, etc. due to the unavailability of data related to the model parameters.
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