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  1. Ismail R, Chan SP
    Med J Malaysia, 1983 Sep;38(3):191-3.
    PMID: 6672560
    Matched MeSH terms: Acrodermatitis/genetics; Acrodermatitis/pathology*
  2. Leung AKC, Sergi CM, Lam JM, Leong KF
    World J Pediatr, 2019 Dec;15(6):521-527.
    PMID: 31134587 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-019-00269-9
    BACKGROUND: Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is characterized by an acute onset of a papular or papulovesicular eruption with a symmetrical distribution.

    DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search was conducted using Clinical Queries with the key terms "Gianotti-Crosti syndrome" OR "papular acrodermatitis". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. This paper is based on, but not limited to, the search results.

    RESULTS: The eruption of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is found predominantly on the cheeks, extensor surfaces of the extremities, and buttocks. There is a sparing of antecubital and popliteal fossae as well as palms, soles, and mucosal surfaces. Although often asymptomatic, the lesions may be mildly to moderately pruritic. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is most common in children between 1 and 6 years of age. The Epstein-Barr virus and the hepatitis B virus are the most common pathogens associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. No treatment for Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is necessary because it is self-limited. In an era of vaccine hesitancy and refusal, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome may be important to mention to parents, because it can occur and trigger alarmism.

    CONCLUSIONS: Gianotti-Crosti syndrome is mainly a disease of early childhood, characterized by an acute onset of a papular or papulovesicular eruption with a symmetrical distribution. With the advent of more universal vaccination against hepatitis B virus, Epstein-Barr virus has become the most common etiologic agent of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. Few cases of post-vaccination Gianotti-Crosti syndrome have been reported. Currently, the emphasis should be placed on its self-limiting attribution.

    Matched MeSH terms: Acrodermatitis/diagnosis; Acrodermatitis/etiology*; Acrodermatitis/virology*
  3. Leung AKC, Leong KF, Lam JM
    CMAJ, 2021 Feb 16;193(7):E243.
    PMID: 33593949 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.201181
    Matched MeSH terms: Acrodermatitis/blood; Acrodermatitis/diagnosis*
  4. Adam BA, Loh CL
    Med J Malaya, 1972 Sep;27(1):30-2.
    PMID: 4264822
    Matched MeSH terms: Acrodermatitis/complications*
  5. Devendra, C.
    ASM Science Journal, 2015;9(1):1-20.
    MyJurnal
    The natural environment embraces agriculture and all its components-crops, animals, land, water,
    forestry and fisheries. It is the most important user of environmental resources, made more complex
    by the interactions of the various systems, biophysical elements and their implications. Increased food
    production, especially of animal protein supplies are unable to meet current and projected future needs
    for humans, including about 15 %of the world population being malnourished. Agriculture is currently
    waning, and a coordinated and concerted technologically-driven transformation is necessary. Poorly
    managed agriculture for example, can lead to serious environmental degradation and exacerbate
    poverty. Land and water are considered to be the most limiting factors in the future. Non- irrigated
    rainfed areas can be divided into high potential and low potential areas; the former offers considerable
    promise to expand food production. This paper argues for increased Research and Development (R&D)
    focus that can maximise improved natural resource management(NRM), and whether agricultural
    development can maximise productivity yields .Other opportunities include expanding crop–animal
    production systems in less favoured areas (LFAs), intensifying land use for silvopastoral systems in
    rainfed areas , and enhance carbon sequestration. Ruminants can be used as an entry point for the
    development of LFAs, and the presence of about 41.5% of the goat population found in the semi-arid/
    arid AEZs X provides good opportunities for expanding food security and human well-being. Communitybased
    interdisciplinary and systems approaches are essential to provide the solutions. The legacy of
    continuing malnutrition and food insecurity must be overcome by effective development policy, multidonor
    resource allocation, governance and political will that target food insecurity and poverty. The R&D
    agendas and resource allocations are compelling, but dedicated vision can lead the way for sciencedriven
    sustainable environment, efficiency in NRM, and self-reliance to the extent possible , in harmony
    with nature and the environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Acrodermatitis
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