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  1. Is hyaluronic acid filler still a potential risk factor for an autoimmune reaction?
    Aljawhar NM, Sharquie IK
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 07;75(4):363-367.
    PMID: 32723995
    BACKGROUND: Rejuvenation of the skin with hyaluronic acid (HA) filler is considered to be one of the most favourable procedures in the field of aesthetics. Nevertheless, some adverse effects still occur though infrequently, and are associated with its use. Previous research has suggested that HA filler may stimulate antibodies. Consequently, an investigation of the immune interactions associated with use of HA filler is an important area for investigation.

    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this research is to investigate whether HA filler influences the initiation of an autoimmune reaction in healthy women who had received HA filler by screening for autoantibodies in the blood. Results will be compared with agematched apparently healthy control women who did not receive the filler.

    METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from 44 females who had received HA filler and 44 females who had not as a control group. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was utilised to measure serum concentrations of anti- Thyroglobulin (Tg), anti -thyroid peroxidase (TPO), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anticentromeres.

    RESULTS: The number of women who tested positive for the measured autoantibodies was not statistically significant (p=0.803) between those who had received HA filler (n=10/44, 25%) and the control group (n=11/44, 22.7%).

    CONCLUSION: Based on our result HA filler procedures do not induce an autoimmune reaction in women who received HA filler compared to controls. And consequently, HA filler procedures are relatively safe, and these results contradict the findings of other non-controlled works.

    Matched MeSH terms: Autoimmunity/drug effects*
  2. Fulltext Clinical Aspects of Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors in the Cardiovascular System in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Kotyla PJ, Islam MA, Engelmann M
    Int J Mol Sci, 2020 Oct 07;21(19).
    PMID: 33036382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197390
    Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, a novel class of targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), have shown their safety and efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are being intensively tested in other autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Targeting several cytokines with a single small compound leads to blocking the physiological response of hundreds of genes, thereby providing the background to stabilize the immune response. Unfortunately, blocking many cytokines with a single drug may also bring some negative consequences. In this review, we focused on the activity of JAK inhibitors in the cardiovascular system of patients with RA. Special emphasis was put on the modification of heart performance, progression of atherosclerosis, lipid profile disturbance, and risk of thromboembolic complications. We also discussed potential pathophysiological mechanisms that may be responsible for such JAK inhibitor-associated side effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autoimmunity/drug effects
  3. IgG4-related disease: features and treatment response in a multi-ethnic cohort in Singapore
    Fong W, Liew I, Tan D, Lim KH, Low A, Leung YY
    Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2018 05 24;36 Suppl 112(3):89-93.
    PMID: 29846168
    OBJECTIVES: To describe the features and treatment outcomes of IgG4-RD in multi-ethnic patients in Singapore.
    METHODS: Retrospective study was performed on IgG4-RD patients identified from patient databases in a tertiary hospital.
    RESULTS: Fourty-two patients (76% male) were included; 79% fulfilled the 2011 comprehensive diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD for definite IgG4-RD. 81% were Chinese and 19% were Malays. Common initial manifestations included jaundice (52%), abdominal pain (36%) and swollen salivary glands (26%). Only 36% had a history of allergy. 83% had ≥ 1 organ involvement. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, immunoglobulin E, IgG2 and IgG4 levels were elevated in 84%, 100%, 70% and 44% of patients, respectively. The most common histopathological feature was >10 IgG4+ cells per high power field (66%). 94% (34/36) of patients were treated with moderate to high doses of glucocorticoids, including 17 patients with combination immunosuppressants. Of these, all patients responded to therapy by 3 months. With a median (range) follow-up of 4.1 (0.4-13.8) years, 69% (25/36) needed low dose of glucocorticoids to maintain disease remission. Twenty-six per cent had relapse of disease, of which 82% had disease recurrence in the same organs.
    CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatitis, lymphoadenopathy and cholangitis were the commonest manifestations in Asians with IgG4-RD. All patients responded to glucocorticoid therapy by 3 months, two-thirds required maintenance therapy with glucocorticoids, and one-quarter developed relapse of disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autoimmunity/drug effects*
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