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  1. Fulltext Crystal structure of 3-(4-methyl-phen-yl)-1-phenyl-5-[(E)-2-phenyl-ethen-yl]-1H-pyrazole
    Adam F, Charishma SP, Prabhu BR, Samshuddin S, Ameram N
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Dec 1;71(Pt 12):o1020.
    PMID: 26870475 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015022811
    In the title compound, C24H20N2, the dihedral angles between the pyrazole ring and the pendant phenyl, toluoyl and phenyl-ethenyl rings are 41.50 (8), 4.41 (8) and 31.07 (8)°, respectively. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by a π-π stacking inter-actions between the phenyl-ethenyl rings are observed [centroid-centroid separation = 3.5857 (9) Å].
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  2. Bis(ethylenediamine)copper(II) bis(O,O'-diethyl dithiophosphate)
    Fun HK, Hao Q, Wu J, Yang X, Lu L, Wang X, et al.
    Acta Crystallogr C, 2002 Feb;58(Pt 2):m87-8.
    PMID: 11828089
    In the structure of the title compound, [Cu(II)(en)(2)][(EtO)(2)P(S)S](2) (en is ethylenediamine) or [Cu(C(2)H(8)N(2))(2)](C(4)H(10)O(2)PS(2))(2), the Cu atom lies on a center of inversion and is coordinated in a slightly distorted square coordination geometry by four N atoms from two ethylenediamine molecules. The diethyl dithiophosphate moieties, (EtO)(2)P(S)S(-), act as counter-anions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  3. Bis(dicyclohexylammonium 3-thienylacetate)
    Ng SW, Chantrapromma S, Razak IA, Fun HK
    Acta Crystallogr C, 2001 Mar;57(Pt 3):291-2.
    PMID: 11250582
    The triclinic cell of the title compound contains 2C(12)H(24)N(+) x 2C(6)H(5)O(2)S(-) ion pairs that are linked by four hydrogen bonds [N...O = 2.728 (3) and 2.758 (3) A] across a centre of inversion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  4. Fulltext A new monoclinic polymorph of 1,1'-bis-(di-phenyl-thio-phosphor-yl)ferrocene
    Tan YS, Yeo CI, Tiekink ER
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2015 Aug 1;71(Pt 8):886-9.
    PMID: 26396747 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989015012682
    The title compound, [Fe(C17H14PS)2], is a second monoclinic polymorph (P21/c, with Z' = 1) of the previously reported monoclinic (C2/c, with Z' = 1/2) form [Fang et al. (1995 ▸). Polyhedron, 14, 2403-2409]. In the new form, the S atoms lie to the same side of the mol-ecule with the pseudo S-P⋯P-S torsion angle being -53.09 (3)°. By contrast to this almost syn disposition, in the C2/c polymorph, the Fe atom lies on a centre of inversion so that the S atoms are strictly anti, with a pseudo-S-P⋯P-S torsion angle of 180°. The significant difference in mol-ecular conformation between the two forms does not result in major perturbations in the P=S bond lengths nor in the distorted tetra-hedral geometries about the P atoms. The crystal packing of the new monoclinic polymorph features weak Cp-C-H⋯π(phen-yl) inter-actions consolidating linear supra-molecular chains along the a axis. These pack with no directional inter-actions between them.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  5. Fulltext Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (2E,2'E)-3,3'-(1,4-phenyl-ene)bis-[1-(2,4-di-fluoro-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one]
    Kwong HC, Sim A, Chidan Kumar CS, Then LY, Win YF, Quah CK, et al.
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2017 Dec 01;73(Pt 12):1812-1816.
    PMID: 29250392 DOI: 10.1107/S205698901701564X
    The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C24H14F4O2, comprises of one and a half mol-ecules; the half-mol-ecule is completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by C-H⋯F and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Some of the C-H⋯F links are unusually short (< 2.20 Å). Hirshfeld surface analyses (dnorm surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots) for the title compound are presented and discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  6. Fulltext Crystal structure of a second monoclinic polymorph of 3-meth-oxy-benzoic acid with Z' = 1
    Chia TS, Kwong HC, Wong QA, Quah CK, Arafath MA
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2019 Jan 01;75(Pt 1):8-11.
    PMID: 30713724 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018016900
    A new polymorphic form of the title compound, C8H8O3, is described in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P21/c with Z' = 1 as compared to the first polymorph, which crystallizes with two conformers (Z' = 2) in the asymmetric unit in the same space group. In the crystal of the second polymorph, inversion dimers linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur and these are linked into zigzag chains, propagating along the b-axis direction by C-H⋯O links. The crystal structure also features a weak π-π inter-action, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.8018 (6) Å. The second polymorph of the title compound is less stable than the reported first polymorph, as indicated by its smaller calculated lattice energy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  7. 1-Chloro-4-[2-(4-chloro-phen-yl)eth-yl]benzene and its bromo analogue: crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and computational chemistry
    Jotani MM, Lee SM, Lo KM, Tiekink ERT
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2019 May 01;75(Pt 5):624-631.
    PMID: 31110800 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989019004742
    The crystal and mol-ecular structures of C14H12Cl2, (I), and C14H12Br2, (II), are described. The asymmetric unit of (I) comprises two independent mol-ecules, A and B, each disposed about a centre of inversion. Each mol-ecule approximates mirror symmetry [the Cb-Cb-Ce-Ce torsion angles = -83.46 (19) and 95.17 (17)° for A, and -83.7 (2) and 94.75 (19)° for B; b = benzene and e = ethyl-ene]. By contrast, the mol-ecule in (II) is twisted, as seen in the dihedral angle of 59.29 (11)° between the benzene rings cf. 0° in (I). The mol-ecular packing of (I) features benzene-C-H⋯π(benzene) and Cl⋯Cl contacts that lead to an open three-dimensional (3D) architecture that enables twofold 3D-3D inter-penetration. The presence of benzene-C-H⋯π(benzene) and Br⋯Br contacts in the crystal of (II) consolidate the 3D architecture. The analysis of the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces confirm the influence of the benzene-C-H⋯π(benzene) and X⋯X contacts on the mol-ecular packing and show that, to a first approximation, H⋯H, C⋯H/H⋯C and C⋯X/X⋯C contacts dominate the packing, each contributing about 30% to the overall surface in each of (I) and (II). The analysis also clearly differentiates between the A and B mol-ecules of (I).
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  8. Fulltext Investigations of new potential photo-acid generators: crystal structures of 2-[(E)-2-phenyl-ethen-yl]phenol (ortho-rhom-bic polymorph) and (2E)-3-(2-bromo-phen-yl)-2-phenyl-prop-2-enoic acid
    Harrison WT, Plater MJ, Yin LJ
    Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun, 2016 Mar 1;72(Pt 3):407-11.
    PMID: 27006818 DOI: 10.1107/S2056989016002942
    The title compounds, C14H12O, (I), and C15H11BrO2, (II), were prepared and characterized as part of our studies of potential new photo-acid generators. In (I), which crystallizes in the ortho-rhom-bic space group Pca21, compared to P21/n for the previously known monoclinic polymorph [Cornella & Martin (2013 ▸). Org. Lett. 15, 6298-6301], the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 4.35 (6)° and the OH group is disordered over two sites in a 0.795 (3):0.205 (3) ratio. In the crystal of (I), mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯π inter-actions involving both the major and minor -OH disorder components, generating [001] chains as part of the herringbone packing motif. The asymmetric unit of (II) contains two mol-ecules with similar conformations (weighted r.m.s. overlay fit = 0.183 Å). In the crystal of (II), both mol-ecules form carboxyl-ate inversion dimers linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating R 2 (2)(8) loops in each case. The dimers are linked by pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form [010] chains.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  9. The chromosomes of four species of the nasuta complex of Drosophila. I. Chromosome maps and inversion polymorphism
    Lambert DM
    J Hered, 1976 3 1;67(2):92-8.
    PMID: 5483
    The salivary chromosomes of four species of the nasuta complex of Drosophila, D. sulfurigaster albostrigata, D, kohkoa, D. albomicans, and D. kepulauana were studied and chromosome maps of each species are presented; the maps of the latter three species are based on the map of D. sulfurigaster albostrigata. Three of the species D. sulfurigaster albostrigata, D. albomicans, and D. kohkoa were shown to be highly polymorphic for chromosomal inversions while the available evidence indicated that D. kepulauana is much less polymorphic. These facts are correlated with the geographic distribution of the species. Transitional homoselection has not been complete in the evolution of three of the species since D. sulfurigaster albostrigata, D. kohkoa, and D. albomicans have a number of naturally occurring polymorphisms in common.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion*
  10. Test for association between dieldrin resistance and 2La inversion polymorphism in Anopheles coluzzii from Lagos, Nigeria
    Adeogun AO, Brooke BD, Olayanju DR, Adegbehingbe K, Oyeniyi TA, Olakiigbe AK, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2019 Sep 01;36(3):587-593.
    PMID: 33597480
    The assortment of paracentric chromosomal inversion 2La is associated with the maintenance of dieldrin resistance in laboratory colonies of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. This association has not been tested in field populations. The aim of this study was to test the association between inversion 2La and dieldrin resistance in a field population of An. coluzzii in Nigeria. Field collected immature stages of Anopheles were raised to adults and exposed to 4% dieldrin according to WHO criteria. Knockdown was recorded at 10 min intervals for 1 hour and final mortality was recorded 24 hours post exposure. Species and inversion 2La diagnostic PCR assays were conducted on the resistant and susceptible mosquitoes. The mosquitoes were highly resistant to 4% dieldrin (17.1% knock down and 25.7% final mortality; KDT50 and KDT95 calculated as 170 and 1, 514 minutes respectively). Frequencies of 2La in both the resistant and susceptible cohorts assorted within HardyWeinberg estimates (χ2=1.32, p=0.8 for dead/susceptible mosquitoes and χ2=2.54, p=0.5 for survivors or resistant mosquitoes). However, a higher number of heterozygous mosquitoes were observed in the resistant cohort compared to the susceptible, with significant variation in karyotype frequencies (χ2=11.08, DF=2, p<0.05) and a significantly higher frequency of the 2La inversion arrangement in the resistant cohort (Pearson's χ2 = 4.58, p = 0.03.). These data are the first to associate paracentric chromosome inversion 2La and dieldrin resistance in field population of An. coluzzii. Dieldrin resistance shows a weak but significant association with 2La whose assortment is affected by positive heterosis. Variation in the assortment of 2La inversion arrangements between resistant and susceptible cohorts of this An. coluzzii population suggests that dieldrin resistance is at least partially linked to inversion 2La which may explain the persistence of dieldrin resistance in this population despite a significant absence of selection for resistance to this insecticide.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion*
  11. Heterosis without selectional coadaptation inDrosophila ananassae
    Singh BN
    Theor Appl Genet, 1985 Jul;69(4):437-41.
    PMID: 24253913 DOI: 10.1007/BF00570914
    The relative viabilities of homozygous and heterozygous karyotypes were measured by making crosses between strains ofD. ananassae homozygous for ST or inverted gene orders in the second and third chromosomes. The strains utilized during the present study originated from widely separated localities in India, Kuala Lumpur and Kota Kinabaru, Malaysia and Chian Mai, Thailand. The presence of heterosis in many interpopulation crosses is evident from the results which show that the inversion heterozygotes formed by chromosomes coming from distant populations exhibit heterosis. On the other hand, heterosis is absent in two intrapopulation crosses. Thus the present results provide evidence that heterozygosis for many genes and gene complexes does produce high fitness without previous selectional coadaptation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  12. Fulltext Magnetic resonance imaging features of invasive breast cancer association with the tumour stromal ratio
    Ab Mumin N, Ramli Hamid MT, Abdul Hamid S, Chiew SF, Ahmad Saman MS, Rahmat K
    PLoS One, 2023;18(8):e0290772.
    PMID: 37624821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290772
    OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between breast cancer tumour stroma and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 patients with treatment-naïve invasive breast cancer were enrolled into this retrospective study. The tumour stroma ratio (TSR) was estimated from the amount of tumour stroma in the pathology specimen of the breast tumour. The MRI images of the patients were analysed based on Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (ACR-BIRADS) for qualitative features which include T2- weighted, diffusion-weighted images (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) for kinetic features. The mean signal intensity (SI) of Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR), with the ratio of STIR of the lesion and pectoralis muscle (L/M ratio) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, were measured for the quantitative features. Correlation tests were performed to assess the relationship between TSR and MRI features.

    RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between the margin of mass, enhancement pattern, and STIR signal intensity of breast cancer and TSR. There were 54.76% (n = 46) in the low stromal group and 45.24% (n = 38) in the high stromal group. A significant association were seen between the margin of the mass and TSR (p = 0.034) between the L/M ratio (p <0.001), and between STIR SI of the lesion and TSR (p<0.001). The median L/M ratio was significantly higher in the high TSR group as compared to the lower TSR group (p < 0.001).

    CONCLUSION: Breast cancer with high stroma had spiculated margins, lower STIR signal intensity, and a heterogeneous pattern of enhancement. Hence, in this preliminary study, certain MRI features showed a potential to predict TSR.

    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  13. Meiotic drive does not cause condition-dependent reduction of the sexual ornament in stalk-eyed flies
    Finnegan SR, Mondani M, Fowler K, Pomiankowski A
    J Evol Biol, 2021 05;34(5):736-745.
    PMID: 33559198 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13770
    Meiotic drive systems are associated with low-frequency chromosomal inversions. These are expected to accumulate deleterious mutations due to reduced recombination and low effective population size. We test this prediction using the 'sex-ratio' (SR) meiotic drive system of the Malaysian stalk-eyed fly Teleopsis dalmanni. SR is associated with a large inversion (or inversions) on the X chromosome. In particular, we study eyespan in males carrying the SR chromosome, as this trait is a highly exaggerated, sexually dimorphic trait, known to have heightened condition-dependent expression. Larvae were raised in low and high larval food stress environments. SR males showed reduced eyespan under the low and high stress treatments, but there was no evidence of a condition-dependent decrease in eyespan under high stress. Similar but more complex patterns were observed for female eyespan, with evidence of additivity under low stress and heterosis under high stress. These results do not support the hypothesis that reduced sexual ornament size in meiotic drive males is due to a condition-dependent response to the putative increase in mutation load. Instead, reduced eyespan likely reflects compensatory resource allocation to different traits in response to drive-mediated destruction of sperm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion*
  14. Fulltext A New Metazoan Recombination Rate Record and Consistently High Recombination Rates in the Honey Bee Genus Apis Accompanied by Frequent Inversions but Not Translocations
    Rueppell O, Kuster R, Miller K, Fouks B, Rubio Correa S, Collazo J, et al.
    Genome Biol Evol, 2016 12 01;8(12):3653-3660.
    PMID: 28173114 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evw269
    Western honey bees (Apis mellifera) far exceed the commonly observed 1–2 meiotic recombination events per chromosome and exhibit the highest Metazoan recombination rate (20 cM/Mb) described thus far. However, the reasons for this exceptional rate of recombination are not sufficiently understood. In a comparative study, we report on the newly constructed genomic linkage maps of Apis florea and Apis dorsata that represent the two honey bee lineages without recombination rate estimates so far. Each linkage map was generated de novo, based on SNP genotypes of haploid male offspring of a single female. The A. florea map spans 4,782 cM with 1,279 markers in 16 linkage groups. The A. dorsata map is 5,762 cM long and contains 1,189 markers in 16 linkage groups. Respectively, these map sizes result in average recombination rate estimates of 20.8 and 25.1 cM/Mb. Synteny analyses indicate that frequent intra-chromosomal rearrangements but no translocations among chromosomes accompany the high rates of recombination during the independent evolution of the three major honey bee lineages. Our results imply a common cause for the evolution of very high recombination rates in Apis. Our findings also suggest that frequent homologous recombination during meiosis might increase ectopic recombination and rearrangements within but not between chromosomes. It remains to be investigated whether the resulting inversions may have been important in the evolutionary differentiation between honey bee species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion*
  15. Fulltext Macrogenomic evidence for the origin of the black fly Simulium suzukii (Diptera: Simuliidae) on Okinawa Island, Japan
    Adler PH, Huang YT, Reeves WK, Kim SK, Otsuka Y, Takaoka H
    PLoS One, 2013;8(8):e70765.
    PMID: 23951001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070765
    To determine the geographic origin of the black fly Simulium suzukii on Okinawa Island, Japan, macrogenomic profiles derived from its polytene chromosomes were compared with those of mainland and other insular populations of S. suzukii and of the isomorphic Simulium tani species complex. The Okinawan population is a chromosomally unique cytoform, designated 'D,' which is essentially monomorphic and differs by about 27 fixed rearrangements from the chromosomal standard sequence for the subgenus Simulium and by two fixed differences from its nearest known relative, representing the type of S. suzukii, on the main islands of Japan. Chromosomal band sequences revealed two additional, sympatric cytoforms of S. suzukii, designated 'A' and 'B,' each with species status, in Korea, and a third cytoform, designated 'C,' on Hokkaido, Japan. A new cytoform, 'K,' of S. tani from Malaysia, representing the type of S. tani, is more closely related to cytoforms in Thailand, as are populations from Taiwan previously treated as S. suzukii but more closely aligned with S. tani and newly recognized as cytoform 'L' of the latter nominal species. Rooting of chromosomal band sequences by outgroup comparisons allowed directionality of chromosomal rearrangements to be established, enabling phylogenetic inference of cytoforms. Of 41 macrogenomic rearrangements discovered in the five new cytoforms, four provide evidence for a stepwise origin of the Okinawan population from populations characteristic of the main islands of Japan. The macrogenomic approach applied to black flies on Okinawa Island illustrates its potential utility in defining source areas for other species of flies including those that might pose medical and veterinary risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
  16. Cytogenetic and Molecular Evidence of Additional Cryptic Diversity in High Elevation Black fly Simulium feuerborni (Diptera: Simuliidae) Populations in Southeast Asia
    Pramual P, Thaijarern J, Sofian-Azirun M, Ya'cob Z, Hadi UK, Takaoka H
    J Med Entomol, 2015 Sep;52(5):829-36.
    PMID: 26336220 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv080
    Simulium feuerborni Edwards is geographically widespread in Southeast Asia. Previous cytogenetic study in Thailand revealed that this species is a species complex composed of two cytoforms (A and B). In this study, we cytologically examined specimens obtained from the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia, and Puncak, Java, Indonesia. The results revealed two additional cytoforms (C and D) of S. feuerborni. Specimens from Malaysia represent cytoform C, differentiated from other cytoforms by a fixed chromosome inversion on the long arm of chromosome III (IIIL-5). High frequencies of the B chromosome (33-83%) were also observed in this cytoform. Specimens from Indonesia represent the cytoform D. This cytoform is differentiated from others by a fixed chromosome inversion difference on the long arm of chromosome II (IIL-4). Mitochondrial DNA sequences support genetic differentiation among cytoforms A, B, and C. The pairwise F(ST) values among these cytoforms were highly significantly consistent with the divergent lineages of the cytoforms in a median-joining haplotype network. However, a lack of the sympatric populations prevented us from testing the species status of the cytoforms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromosome Inversion
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