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Cognitive evoked potential (P300): a metric for cerebral concussion

Pratap-Chand R, Sinniah M, Salem FA

Acta Neurol. Scand., 1988 Sep;78(3):185-9.
PMID: 3227804

Cognitive impairment has been reported to occur in minor head injury (concussion). The value of the P300 evoked potential as a measure of cerebral concussion was studied in 20 patients with minor head injury and compared with the data from 20 normal subjects. Significant abnormalities of the P300 latency and amplitude were noted in these patients in the post-concussion period. The abnormalities improved completely on repeat testing. The correlation of the P300 to other parameters of head injury is discussed. The P300 constitutes a simple laboratory test that is sensitive measure of cerebral dysfunction in concussive head injuries.

Matched MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders/physiopathology*
Information processing speed as a mediator between psychosocial stress and global cognition in older adults

Foong HF, Hamid TA, Ibrahim R, Haron SA

Psychogeriatrics, 2018 Jan;18(1):21-29.
PMID: 29372603 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12279

BACKGROUND: The link between psychosocial stress and cognitive function is complex, and previous studies have indicated that it may be mediated by processing speed. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to examine whether processing speed mediates the association between psychosocial stress and global cognition in older adults. Moreover, the moderating role of gender in this model is examined as well.
METHODS: The study included 2322 community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia who were randomly selected through a multistage proportional cluster random sampling technique. Global cognition construct was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment; psychosocial stress construct was measured by perceived stress, depression, loneliness, and neuroticism; and processing speed was assessed by the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the mediation and moderation tests.
RESULTS: Processing speed was found to partially mediate the relationship between psychosocial stress and global cognition (β in the direct model = -0.15, P

Matched MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders/physiopathology
Fulltext Sociodemographic correlates of unipolar major depression among the Chinese elderly in Klang Valley, Malaysia: an epidemiological study

Verma RK, Min TH, Chakravarthy S, Barua A, Kar N

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:812712.
PMID: 25544962 DOI: 10.1155/2014/812712

BACKGROUND: Depression, as one of the most disabling diseases around the world, had caught the global concern with its rising prevalence rate. There is a growing need of detecting depression, particularly in the old age population which is often left being overlooked.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional community-based study which included 150 Chinese elderly aged 60 and above within Klang Valley area. We obtained the sociodemographic profiles and assessed the status of well-being, depression, and cognitive function of the participants with the help of instruments: WHO Five-Item Well-Being Index, Major (ICD-10) Depression Inventory, and 6-Item Cognitive Impairment Test.
RESULTS: We found that the prevalence of depression among the Chinese elderly within Klang Valley region was 10.7%. With multiple logistic regression, decision to consult doctor on depressed mood or memory problem and presence of cognitive impairment were shown to be significantly associated with unipolar major depression, whereas wellbeing status was also found to be statistically correlated with depression in univariate analysis.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of unipolar depression among Chinese elderly within Klang Valley, Malaysia presented that there was an increased trend compared to the previous studies..

Matched MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders/physiopathology
Chronic neuronopathic type of Gaucher's disease with progressive myoclonic epilepsy in the absence of visceromegaly and bone involvement

Botross NP, Riad AA, Viswanathan S, Nordin RB, Lock HN

Scott Med J, 2014 May;59(2):e1-6.
PMID: 24671628 DOI: 10.1177/0036933014529868

Gaucher's disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase. Gaucher's disease has three clinical types: non-neuronopathic (Type 1), Acute Neuropathic (Type 2) and chronic neuronopathic (Type 3). The chronic neuronopathic (Type 3) is characterised by a variety of disease variants with onset in childhood with hepatomegaly, skeletal lesions and later slow horizontal saccades, treatment-resistant generalised tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures, dementia, progressive spasticity, cognitive deterioration, ataxia and death in the second or third decade of life.

Matched MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders/physiopathology*