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Fulltext Retrograde cement extrusion into femoral nutrient vessels following uncomplicated Total Hip Arthroplasty

Lim, Chia Hua, Jacob, V.A., Premchandran, N.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):46-46.
MyJurnal

The present concepts in Total Hip Arthroplasty advocate mechanical cement interlock
with trabecular bone utilising the third-generation cementing technique. However, the
force generated can easily reach peak pressure of 122 kPa to 1500 kPa, leading to
extrusion of cement through nutrient foramina into femoral cortex into nutrient vessels,
henceforth the retrograde arteriovenogram. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Haversian System
Age at death estimation from bone histology in Malaysian males

Nor FM, Pastor RF, Schutkowski H

Med Sci Law, 2014 Oct;54(4):203-8.
PMID: 24189643 DOI: 10.1177/0025802413506573

Estimation of age from microscopic examination of human bone utilizes bone remodeling. This allows 2 regression equation to be determined in a specific population based on the variation in osteon turnover in different populations. The aim of this study was to provide age estimation for Malaysian males. Ground undecalcified cross sections were prepared from long limb bones of 50 deceased males aged between 21 and 78 years. Ten microstructural parameters were measured and subjected to multivariate regression analysis. Results showed that osteon count had the highest correlation with age (R = 0.43), and age was estimated to be within 10.94 years of the true value in 98% of males. Cross validation of the equation on 50 individuals showed close correspondence of true ages with estimated ages. Further studies are needed to validate and expand these results.

Matched MeSH terms: Haversian System/anatomy & histology*
Fulltext Role of organic and ceramic biomaterials on bone healing and regeneration: An experimental study with significant value in translational tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Moshiri A, Tekyieh Maroof N, Mohammad Sharifi A

Iran J Basic Med Sci, 2020 Nov;23(11):1426-1438.
PMID: 33235700 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.46228.10707

Objectives: We investigated the role of various biomaterials on cell viability and in healing of an experimentally induced femoral bone hole model in rats.
Materials and Methods: Cell viability and cytotoxicity of gelatin (Gel; 50 µg/µl), chitosan (Chi; 20 µg/µl), hydroxyapatite (HA; 50 µg/µl), nanohydroxyapatite (nHA; 10 µg/µl), three-calcium phosphate (TCP; 50 µg/µl) and strontium carbonate (Sr; 10 µg/µl) were evaluated on hADSCs via MTT assay. In vivo femoral drill-bone hole model was produced in rats that were either left untreated or treated with autograft, Gel, Chi, HA, nHA, TCP and Sr, respectively. The animals were euthanized after 30 days. Their bone holes were evaluated by gross-pathology, histopathology, SEM and radiography. Also, their dry matter, bone ash and mineral density were measured.
Results: Both the Gel and Chi showed cytotoxicity, while nHA had no role on cytotoxicity and cell-viability. All the HA, TCP and Sr significantly improved cell viability when compared to controls (P<0.05). Both the Gel and Chi had no role on osteoconduction and osteoinduction. Compared to HA, nHA showed superior role in increasing new bone formation, mineral density and ash (P<0.05). In contrast to HA and nHA, both the TCP and Sr showed superior morphological, radiographical and biochemical properties on bone healing (P<0.05). TCP and Sr showed the most effective osteoconduction and osteoinduction, respectively. In the Sr group, the most mature type of osteons formed.
Conclusion: Various biomaterials have different in vivo efficacy during bone regeneration. TCP was found to be the best material for osteoconduction and Sr for osteoinduction.

Matched MeSH terms: Haversian System
Osteoblasts infill irregular pores under curvature and porosity controls: a hypothesis-testing analysis of cell behaviours

Alias MA, Buenzli PR

Biomech Model Mechanobiol, 2018 Oct;17(5):1357-1371.
PMID: 29846824 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1031-x

The geometric control of bone tissue growth plays a significant role in bone remodelling, age-related bone loss, and tissue engineering. However, how exactly geometry influences the behaviour of bone-forming cells remains elusive. Geometry modulates cell populations collectively through the evolving space available to the cells, but it may also modulate the individual behaviours of cells. To factor out the collective influence of geometry and gain access to the geometric regulation of individual cell behaviours, we develop a mathematical model of the infilling of cortical bone pores and use it with available experimental data on cortical infilling rates. Testing different possible modes of geometric controls of individual cell behaviours consistent with the experimental data, we find that efficient smoothing of irregular pores only occurs when cell secretory rate is controlled by porosity rather than curvature. This porosity control suggests the convergence of a large scale of intercellular signalling to single bone-forming cells, consistent with that provided by the osteocyte network in response to mechanical stimulus. After validating the mathematical model with the histological record of a real cortical pore infilling, we explore the infilling of a population of randomly generated initial pore shapes. We find that amongst all the geometric regulations considered, the collective influence of curvature on cell crowding is a dominant factor for how fast cortical bone pores infill, and we suggest that the irregularity of cement lines thereby explains some of the variability in double labelling data as well as the overall speed of osteon infilling.

Matched MeSH terms: Haversian System