MyMedR

The interpretation of Wassermann and Kahn results

Kingsbury AN

Bull Inst Med Res Kuala Lumpur, 1936.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

Fulltext Syphilis in the military community

Supramaniam V

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Mar;34(3):248-53.

288 notifications of syphilis in military personnel for 1974 to 1978 are analysed. 56 cases are primary and 232 are latent syphilis in service personnel and 13 in women and children. Antenatal screening detected 56 cases (0.9%) of syphilis. Only 24 cases among soldiers had confirmatory tests done. Treatment varied and some were inadequately treated, others overtreated and many with incorrect schedules. Intramuscular penicillin was the treatment of choice in 85% of cases. Follow-up of cases was inadequate. In all, it indicated a poor control programme for STD. A good programme is possible within the armed forces set-up and a number of measures are suggested.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/drug therapy; Syphilis/prevention & control*

Fulltext Summary of paper on the treatment of syphilis by intramuscular injection of mercury

Greic

Journal of the Straits Medical Association, 1894;5:139-41.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

Fulltext A case of syphilitic coma

von Tunzelmann EW

Journal of the Straits Medical Association, 1890;1:36-42.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

Seroreactivity to syphilis in Malaysian blood donors and expectant mothers

Jegathesan M, Fan YH, Ong KJ

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1975 Sep;6(3):413-8.

PMID: 1241163

Seroreactivity to syphilis is high among Malaysian blood donors and expectant mothers indicating a high degree of treponemal infection. Further epidemiological studies are required to ascertain what proportion of these could be syphilis and what porportion yaws. Blood donors hava a higher reactivity rate than expectant mothers, the reasons probably being soical. The titres obtained in the VDRL test appear to have a relation to FTA-ABS reactivity although this is not to say treponematosis can be excluded on the basis of low titre VDRL results.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/epidemiology*; Syphilis Serodiagnosis*

Yaws in Borneo, not connected with syphilis

Smith F

Lancet, 1894;144:910.

DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)02047-0

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

The albuminuria of syphilis

Galloway D

Malayan Medical Journal, 1928;3:141-4.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

Fulltext Case series of syphilis and HIV co-infections

Abdul Wahab A, Rahman MM, Mohammad M, Hussin S

Pak J Med Sci, 2013 May;29(3):856-8.

PMID: 24353643

Syphilis and HIV co-infection are indeed dangerous combinations. The present communication describes three different cases of syphilis and HIV co-infection in young men. The first case is a 25-year-old medical graduate with a primary and secondary syphilis lesions at time of presentation. The second case is a 24-year-old government officer with right eye posterior uveitis where the serology tests for syphilis were reactive. His HIV tests were also positive. The final case is a 25-year-old homosexual who was admitted to the medical ward because of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The HIV and syphilis serology tests were noted to be positive.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis*

THE VALUE AND MANAGEMENT OF PERSISTENT KAHN POSITIVE IN TREATED SYPHILIS

SAMBHI JS

Med J Malaysia, 1963 Sep;18:19-24.

PMID: 14064291

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis*; Syphilis Serodiagnosis*; Syphilis, Congenital*; Syphilis, Latent*

Fulltext Early congenital syphilis--a continuing problem in Malaysia

Lim CT, Koh MT, Sivanesaratnam V

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):131-5.

PMID: 7565181

Between February 1990 and May 1993, 13 cases of early congenital syphilis (ECS) were managed in the Paediatrics Unit, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Twelve mothers were unbooked with 10 inborn babies. Only one mother had antenatal booking at this hospital but she defaulted antenatal follow-up. Several risk factors associated with ECS were identified: inadequate or no prenatal care (5/13), failure to repeat a serological test for syphilis in the third trimester when it was tested negative at first booking (5/13), sexual promiscuity, substance abuse and a past history of contracting sexually transmitted disease. All 10 mothers who had their serological test repeated at delivery were found to have a positive VDRL and TPHA. Adequate antenatal care early referral of infected, expectant mothers for treatment, and a repeat serological test for syphilis could have prevented these cases of ECS.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/epidemiology; Syphilis, Congenital/diagnosis; Syphilis, Congenital/epidemiology*; Syphilis, Congenital/therapy

An epidemiological study of syphilis and predictors of treatment failure in University Malaya Medical Centre

Mohamed AK, Raja IA, Rukumani DV

Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(3):199-203.

PMID: 32467532

INTRODUCTION: There are limited studies on the epidemiology of syphilis in Malaysia. In this study we describe the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients with syphilis attending a tertiary referral university hospital.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the case records of patients with positive serology findings for syphilis in University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) from January 2010 to December 2015. Serological positivity was defined as having a positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) or Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) with a confirmatory positive Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA). Treatment outcomes were divided into two, success or failure. Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with predictors of treatment failure were assessed using statistical package for the social science (SPSS). This study also included a neurosyphilis descriptive sub-study.

RESULTS: There were 637 patients identified with positive syphilis serology, but 258 patients were excluded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. 379 patients were then taken for the demographic study; 14 patients (3.7%) were treated for neurosyphilis; 170 patients with complete data were included. In all 42/170 (24.7%) failed treatment, 12/170 (7.1%) had reinfection and 116/170 (68.2%) had treatment success. A final number of 158 patients were then taken and analyzed for predictors of treatment failure after excluding the 12 reinfection patients. Only low baseline RPR (<1:16) was found to be significant on multivariate logistic regression analysis (p value: 0.007, 95% CI: 1.42, 9.21).

CONCLUSION: Most of the patients were HIV positive and from the MSM (Men who have sex with Men) population. Low baseline RPR titre is a predictor of treatment failure.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/diagnosis; Syphilis/drug therapy; Syphilis/epidemiology*; Syphilis/physiopathology*; Syphilis Serodiagnosis

Fulltext Successful treatment of syphilitic uveitis in HIV-positive patients

Nurfahzura MJ, Hanizasurana H, Zunaina E, Adil H

Clin Ophthalmol, 2013;7:1651-4.

PMID: 23986629 DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S46876

We report successful treatment of syphilitic uveitis in a case series of three Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients at Malaysia's Selayang Hospital eye clinic. All three patients with syphilitic uveitis were male, aged from 23 to 35 years old, with a history of high-risk behaviors. Of the patients, two presented with blurring of vision and only one patient presented with floaters in the affected eye. Ocular examination revealed intermediate uveitis (case 1 and case 3) and panuveitis (case 2). Each patient showed a high Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titer at presentation and they were also newly diagnosed as HIV positive with variable CD4 counts. All three patients responded well to a neurosyphilis regimen of intravenous penicillin G. At 3 months posttreatment, there was reduction in VDRL titer with improvement of vision in the affected eye. Diagnosis of syphilis needs to be ruled out in all cases of uveitis. All syphilitic uveitis cases should have HIV screening and vice versa, as syphilis is one of the most common infectious diseases associated with HIV-positive patients. Early detection and treatment are important for a good visual outcome.

Study site: opthamolagy clinic, Hospital Selayang

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis*

Fulltext A case of gumma of the ciliary region

Highet HC

Br Med J, 1896 Nov 7;2(1871):1380-1381.

PMID: 20756574

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis*

Serological screening for syphilis during pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian population

Goh TH, Ngeow YF

Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol, 1989 Mar;15(1):67-70.

PMID: 2735843

Out of 14,841 women who were serologically examined for syphilis at the antenatal booking clinic, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia, 1.78% were VDRL positive and 1.05% TPHA positive with significant differences between the Malays, Indians and Chinese. These rates are higher than published series and were attributed to childhood yaws infection among the Malays. As differentiation between yaws and syphilitic infection in the clinic is difficult, all TPHA-reactive women were treated as for syphilis. Congenital syphilis was not diagnosed in those women who had been effectively treated before delivery.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/ethnology*; Syphilis Serodiagnosis*

The laboratory diagnosis of venereal diseases. I. Serological tests for syphilis

Jegathesan M

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):109-12.

PMID: 4276225

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/immunology; Syphilis Serodiagnosis*

Gumma of the ciliary body [duplicate2]

Highet HC

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1903.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

A criticism of the alleged tolerance of the chinese to syphilis

Galloway DJ

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1905.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis

A case series with literature review on adjunctive usage of intravitreal ceftazidime in ocular syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Lim YW, Lott PW, Mohamad NF, Begam Iqbal T

Int J STD AIDS, 2021 09;32(10):968-973.

PMID: 33969754 DOI: 10.1177/09564624211011917

BACKGROUND: Penicillin is the conventional treatment for all stages of syphilis, including ocular and neurosyphilis, according to the recommendations by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Disease. This case series highlighted three cases of ocular syphilis which showed prompt treatment response as early as 24 h after the adjunctive intravitreal ceftazidime injection.

METHODS: Case Series.

RESULTS: In case 1, there was significant improvement in the vision and vitritis after 24 h of a single intravitreal ceftazidime injection. In case 2, the patient achieved his best vision after a total of three intravitreal injections in his left eye and one in his right eye. In case 3, there was a further resolution of perivascular sheathing and retinal haemorrhages seen 1 week after a single intravitreal ceftazidime injection.

CONCLUSION: The efficacy of intravitreal ceftazidime injection as a local adjunctive therapy in ocular syphilis treatment is noteworthy. It can be considered in cases which show suboptimal or slower treatment response despite early commencement of systemic penicillin to prevent devastating ocular sequelae.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis Serodiagnosis

Fulltext Subclinical acquired syphilis masquerading as membranous glomerulonephritis

Soehardy Z, Hayati SN, Rozita M, Rohana AG, Halim AG, Norella K, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Oct;61(4):484-6.

PMID: 17243528 MyJurnal

Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is one of the common forms of nephrotic syndrome in the adult population. The majority of MGN are idiopathic, but the secondary forms can be seen in the setting of autoimmune disease, neoplasia, infection and following exposure to certain therapeutic agents. Histologically, MGN is an immunologically mediated disease in which immune complexes deposit in the subepithelial space. Syphilis is a venereal disease that can also be acquired by exposure to infected blood. Untreated syphilis may progress and develop renal complications such as membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) or diffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis with or without crescent formation. Today, with increasing awareness of sexually transmitted diseases especially HIV infection coupled by the practice of protected sexual intercourse and advancement of medicine, we have seen fewer and fewer cases of acquired syphilis. Furthermore, majority will present with typical syphilitic symptoms of such as chancre, rash, fever and lymph node enlargement in which case the diagnosis is easily obtained. We are reporting a case of acquired syphilis masquerading as membranous glomerulonephritis without typical syphilitic symptoms.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/diagnosis*

Heat inactivation of serum potentiates anti-cardiolipin antibody binding in ELISA

Cheng HM, Ngeow YF, Sam CK

J Immunol Methods, 1989 Nov 30;124(2):235-8.

PMID: 2600427

Heat treatment of sera at 56 degrees C for 30 min results in positive ELISA reactions for anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) in sera that had undetectable or low levels of aCL before heat inactivation. The positive, potentiated reactivity of the heated sera in the aCL ELISA could be inhibited with the cardiolipin antigen and was abolished by prior IgG depletion using staphylococcal protein A. The heat-potentiating effect of aCL binding in ELISA was evident in both normal human sera and clinical sera including sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and syphilis.

Matched MeSH terms: Syphilis/immunology

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