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Fulltext A literature review on beneficial role of vitamins and trace elements: Evidence from published clinical studies

Taheri S, Asadi S, Nilashi M, Ali Abumalloh R, Ghabban NMA, Mohd Yusuf SY, et al.

J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2021 Sep;67:126789.
PMID: 34044222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126789

COVID-19 is a kind of SARS-CoV-2 viral infectious pneumonia. This research aims to perform a bibliometric analysis of the published studies of vitamins and trace elements in the Scopus database with a special focus on COVID-19 disease. To achieve the goal of the study, network and density visualizations were used to introduce an overall picture of the published literature. Following the bibliometric analysis, we discuss the potential benefits of vitamins and trace elements on immune system function and COVID-19, supporting the discussion with evidence from published clinical studies. The previous studies show that D and A vitamins demonstrated a higher potential benefit, while Selenium, Copper, and Zinc were found to have favorable effects on immune modulation in viral respiratory infections among trace elements. The principles of nutrition from the findings of this research could be useful in preventing and treating COVID-19.

Matched MeSH terms: Trace Elements/pharmacology*
Comparative transcriptional study of the effects of high intracellular zinc on prostate carcinoma cells

Wong PF, Abubakar S

Oncol Rep, 2010 Jun;23(6):1501-16.
PMID: 20428803

The normally high concentration of zinc in normal prostate gland is significantly reduced in malignant prostate tissues, but its precise role in prostate tumorigenesis remains unclear. The present study investigates the growth and transcriptional responses of LNCaP prostate cancer cells to prolonged high Zn2+ treatment. Restoration of high intracellular Zn2+ to LNCaP cells significantly reduced the cell proliferation rate by 42.2+/-7.4% at the exponential growth phase and the efficiency of colony formation on soft agar by 87.2+/-2.5% at week 5 post-treatment. At least 161 LNCaP cell genes responded to the high intracellular Zn2+, including approximately 10.6% genes that negatively regulate cell growth and approximately 16.1% genes that promote cancer cell proliferation. Inhibition of cell growth was transient as normal proliferation rate and colony formation efficiency were restored later even in the continuous presence of high intracellular Zn2+. RT-qPCR showed constitutively higher expression levels of FBL, CD164 and STEAP1 in LNCaP cells. FBL and CD164 were responsive to the treatment with Zn2+ in PNT2 prostate normal cells and were further overexpressed in the prolonged Zn2+-treated LNCaP cells. These observations suggest that in general high Zn2+ has suppressive effects on prostate cancer cell growth but continuous exposure to an environment of high Zn2+ can lead to the overexpression of cancer promoting genes such as FBL and CD164. This could be the antagonistic mechanism used to overcome the initial cell growth inhibitory effects of high Zn2+. These findings support a potential detrimental role of Zn2+ in prostate cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Trace Elements/pharmacology*
Ion-Doped Silicate Bioceramic Coating of Ti-Based Implant

Mohammadi H, Sepantafar M

Iran Biomed J, 2016 Sep;20(4):189-200.
PMID: 26979401

Titanium and its alloy are known as important load-bearing biomaterials. The major drawbacks of these metals are fibrous formation and low corrosion rate after implantation. The surface modification of biomedical implants through various methods such as plasma spray improves their osseointegration and clinical lifetime. Different materials have been already used as coatings on biomedical implant, including calcium phosphates and bioglass. However, these materials have been reported to have limited clinical success. The excellent bioactivity of calcium silicate (Ca-Si) has been also regarded as coating material. However, their high degradation rate and low mechanical strength limit their further coating application. Trace element modification of (Ca-Si) bioceramics is a promising method, which improves their mechanical strength and chemical stability. In this review, the potential of trace element-modified silicate coatings on better bone formation of titanium implant is investigated.

Matched MeSH terms: Trace Elements/pharmacology
Copper supplementation amplifies the anti-tumor effect of curcumin in oral cancer cells

Lee HM, Patel V, Shyur LF, Lee WL

Phytomedicine, 2016 Nov 15;23(12):1535-1544.
PMID: 27765374 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.09.005

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and 90% of oral malignancies are caused by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Curcumin, a phytocompound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa) was observed to have anti-cancer activity which can be developed as an alternative treatment option for OSCC. However, OSCC cells with various clinical-pathological features respond differentially to curcumin treatment.
HYPOTHESIS: Intracellular copper levels have been reported to correlate with tumor pathogenesis and affect the sensitivity of cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy. We hypothesized that intracellular copper levels may affect the sensitivity of oral cancer cells to curcumin.
METHODS: We analysed the correlation between intracellular copper levels and response to curcumin treatment in a panel of OSCC cell lines derived from oral cancer patients. Exogenous copper was supplemented in curcumin insensitive cell lines to observe the effect of copper on curcumin-mediated inhibition of cell viability and migration, as well as induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Protein markers of cell migration and oxidative stress were also analysed using Western blotting.
RESULTS: Concentrations of curcumin which inhibited 50% OSCC cell viability (IC50) was reduced up to 5 times in the presence of 250 µM copper. Increased copper level in curcumin-treated OSCC cells was accompanied by the induction of intracellular ROS and increased level of Nrf2 which regulates oxidative stress responses in cells. Supplemental copper also inhibited migration of curcumin-treated cells with enhanced level of E-cadherin and decreased vimentin, indications of suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Early apoptosis was observed in combined treatment but not in treatment with curcumin or copper alone.
CONCLUSION: Supplement of copper significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of curcumin treatment on migration and viability of oral cancer cells. Together, these findings provide molecular insight into the role of copper in overcoming insensitivity of oral cancer cells to curcumin treatment, suggesting a new strategy for cancer therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Trace Elements/pharmacology