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  1. Yubbu P, Latiff HA, Adam Abbaker AM
    Cardiol Young, 2017 Apr;27(3):613-616.
    PMID: 27817752 DOI: 10.1017/S1047951116001840
    We present two interesting cases of isolated left subclavian artery from the pulmonary artery with symptoms of upper airway obstruction. The first patient had tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary artery sling, bilateral superior caval veins, and left bronchial isomerism, suggesting heterotaxy syndrome. The second patient had a right aortic arch, isolated left subclavian artery, and bilateral arterial ducts. These two cases are interesting because of their rarity and uncommon presentation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Malformations/complications*
  2. Lau KF, Tan KS, Goh KJ, Ramli N, Tai SM
    Ann Acad Med Singap, 2019 Mar;48(3):109-111.
    PMID: 30997481
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations/complications
  3. Ong EKS, Wong TS, Chung WH, Chiu CK, Saw A, Hasan MS, et al.
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2019 10 17;27(3):2309499019879213.
    PMID: 31615339 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019879213
    Aberrant left brachiocephalic vein is a rare condition. Its occurrence in patients requiring anterior cervicothoracic approach for severe kyphoscoliosis has not been described. A 16-year-old male with neurofibromatosis and severe upper thoracic kyphoscoliosis presented to us with curve progression. Halo gravity traction was attempted but failed to achieve significant correction. Subsequently, he underwent halo-pelvic traction and later Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF) from C2 to T10. Second-stage anterior cervicothoracic approach with anterior fibula strut grafting was planned; however, preoperative computed tomography angiography revealed an aberrant left brachiocephalic vein with an anomalous retrotracheal and retroesophageal course, directly anterior to the T5/T6 vertebrae (planned anchor site for fibula strut graft) before draining into superior vena cava. Therefore, surgery was abandoned due to the risks associated with this anomaly. Aberrant left brachiocephalic vein is rare, the presence of which could be a contraindication for anterior cervicothoracic approach. Assessment of the anterior neurovascular structures is crucial in preoperative planning.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vascular Malformations/complications
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