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Family planning

Sandosham AA

Med J Malaya, 1967 Dec;22(2):77-8.
PMID: 4231981
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Developments in family planning overseas. An account of family planning education programmes in Britain, Italy, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore. Part one--Britain

Hewitt P

Aust Nurses J, 1978 May;7(10):32-5, 40.
PMID: 248273
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Developments in family planning overseas. 2

Hewitt P

Aust Nurses J, 1978 Jun;7(11):34-7.
PMID: 249268
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Family planning behaviours among women with diabetes mellitus: a scoping review

Awang Dahlan S, Idris IB, Mohammed Nawi A, Abd Rahman R

Eur J Med Res, 2024 Jan 11;29(1):41.
PMID: 38212858 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01626-1

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus in pregnancies is associated with adverse outcomes both for the mothers and babies. Postponing pregnancy in unoptimized conditions and stabilisation of glucose should be prioritized. This scoping review is aimed to determine the scope and at the same time map the types of evidence available that is related to family planning behaviours among women with diabetes mellitus, with a particular focus on their factors which influence family planning usage and subsequently enable the identification of knowledge gaps in preventing unintended pregnancies among this high-risk population.
METHODS: This scoping review is guided by the methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley's and Prisma-ScR checklist. PubMed, EBSCO and OVID were searched for empirical studies between 2000 and February 2022 using the search terms "family planning", "contraceptive" and "diabetes mellitus". Data were summarized according to the study characteristics and levels of factors influencing family planning behaviours.
RESULTS: Thirty-five articles that met the eligibility criteria included 33 quantitative studies, one qualitative study and one mixed-methods study. The prevalence of family planning methods used by women with diabetes mellitus varied ranging from 4.8 to 89.8% among the studied population. Women with diabetes mellitus were reported to be less likely to utilise any family planning methods compared to women without diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the evidence to date on family planning behaviours among women with diabetes mellitus focuses on the role of individual level sociodemographic factors. Few studies focused on exploring determinants at multiple levels. In this review we found that there is limited evidence on disease control and pregnancy intention in relation to their family planning practices. Future studies with more clinical and contextual factors are needed to guide the strengthening of family planning services for high-risk group women specifically for women with diabetes mellitus.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Fulltext Peers as recruiters: family planning communications of West Malaysian acceptors

Verbrugge LM

J Health Soc Behav, 1978 Mar;19(1):51-68.
PMID: 649939 DOI: 10.2307/2136322
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Vasectomy for population limitation

Puraviappan A, Puvan IS

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Jun;28(4):251-2.
PMID: 4278540
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Fulltext Who are the women wishing to opt for contraception?

Mushtaq K, Ashraf M, Thaver IH

J Pak Med Assoc, 2020 Dec;70(12(B)):2460-2463.
PMID: 33475564 DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.770

This descriptive cross-sectional research study was conducted to determine the characteristics of the women who intend to use a modern family planning method. For this 154 women were selected in a small village and faceto- face interviews were conducted. The findings indicate that 86 (56%) women intended to use a contraceptive method. The regression model showed that women who had the knowledge about different methods, those who had previously ever used family planning method and those who had never used any traditional method are more likely to adopt modern contraceptive methods.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Family planning in Malaysia

Marzuki A

J Med Educ, 1969 Nov;44(11):Suppl 2:158-9.
PMID: 5357902 DOI: 10.1097/00001888-196911000-00047
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Where no consent = death

IPPF News, 1977 Nov-Dec;2(6):5.
PMID: 12308740

Men must be made to understand the value of family planning - particularly in societies where men hold the power of decision in the family. Dr. Kotha Pannikar, chairman of the Kedah Family Planning Association (FPA) in Malaysia, illustrated this point in discussion which followed the Consultation of Medical and Communication Fieldworkers conference in Kuala Lumpur in August, with a story about 1 of her own patients. When the girl, who had a rheumatic heart, was 16, Dr. Pannikar advised the parents that she needed cardiac surgery if she were to be a healthy wife and mother. But the parents lived some distance from Dr. Pannikar's surgery and did not heed the advice. The girl was married to a carpenter from a traditional Chinese family, in which "the man is lord and master." Her new home had no piped water, and in additional to normal domestic tasks she had to carry water from a source 1 1/2 miles agay. In the 7th month of her 1st pregnancy, she went into cardiac failure. After the 3rd pregnancy and a 3rd cardiac failure, Dr. Pannikar tried to arrange a sterilization "but we could not get consent - her husband refused to turn up at the hospital." When the girl was admitted to hospital 6 months into her 4th pregnancy, Dr. Pannikar got hold of her patient's mother-in-law. "I told her if she wanted a servant in the house, it was easy to get one. But no servant would look after her grandchildren the way their mother would. I told her if she wanted to save the girl's life she had better speak to her son." During the 4th delivery, the girl went into cardiac arrest and spent 2 weeks in intensive care. The mother-in-law prevailed upon her son to at least consent, and the girl was sterilized before she left hospital. But "it was a very near thing," Dr. Pannikar recalls "and it wouldn't have happened if the husband had felt he was responsible in parenthood." The Kedah FPA makes special efforts to reach men. Dr. Pannikar herself talks to men's organizations like the Lions and Rotary Clubs, and arranges education programs for trade unions and workers on the rubber estates. She thinks women need to be told repeatedly that they have a basic human right to choose whether they want to have a baby, and when. "Women feel," she says, "that their only function is to cook, wash clothes and feed the baby. We need to tell them they have a part to play in the society of today because their children will be the citizens of tomorrow."o

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Asia educates to brake the population juggernaut

Friedman B

Soc Welfare (India), 1974 Dec 5;21(9):3.
PMID: 12257917
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Targets of population in Singapore

Wolfers D

Med J Malaya, 1965 Sep;20(1):11-8.
PMID: 4221406
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
All you want to know about the pill

Bul Keluarga, 1977 Sep;89:1-2.
PMID: 12233297
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services
Fulltext Family planning and contraception in Islamic countries: a critical review of the literature

Shaikh BT, Azmat SK, Mazhar A

J Pak Med Assoc, 2013 Apr;63(4 Suppl 3):S67-72.
PMID: 24386733

The population of the world reached seven billion in 2012. Pakistan's population stands at more than 180 million, is growing rapidly, and has the highest unmet need for family planning (FP) in isolated rural areas. The low usage of contraception in the rural areas of Pakistan correlates with the level of isolation, poverty, illiteracy, and to a large extent, religious misinterpretations/misconceptions. Almost 25% of couples who desired FP services were not receiving them for a variety of reasons of which religion could be one, especially in the rural remote areas where the media is still not reaching and influencing mind-sets. In this scenario, the role of social marketing in bringing about attitudinal and behavioural change among users in underserved areas and gatekeepers and opinion makers in society must not be neglected. The work in promoting FP, contraception and birth spacing requires authentic evidence from similar sociocultural contexts and this endeavour of compiling case studies from various Islamic countries on their FP initiatives is a good step. Governments around the world, including many in the Islamic world, support FP programmes to enable individuals and couples to choose the number and timing of their children.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services/organization & administration*
Prospects and programs for fertility reduction, 1990-2015

Mauldin WP, Ross JA

Stud Fam Plann, 1994 Mar-Apr;25(2):77-95.
PMID: 8059448 DOI: 10.2307/2138086

What is the likelihood that each of the 37 developing countries with populations of 15 million or more in 1990 will reach replacement fertility by the year 2015? These countries have a combined population of 3.9 billion, 91 percent of the population of all developing countries. For this article, a composite index was used as the basis for predicting future levels of total fertility. The index was constructed from socioeconomic variables (life expectancy at birth, infant mortality rates, percent adult literacy, ratio of children enrolled in primary or secondary school, percent of the labor force in nonagricultural occupations, gross national product per capita, and percent of the population living in urban areas), total fertility rates for the years 1985-90, total fertility rate decline from 1960-65 to 1985-90, family planning program effort scores in 1989, and the level of contraceptive prevalence in 1990. Eight countries are classified as certain to reach replacement fertility by 2015, and an additional thirteen probably will also. Five countries are classified as possibly reaching replacement fertility, and eleven as unlikely to do so.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services/trends*
East Asia review 1978-79. Malaysia

Aziz NL, Tey NP, Ramli O

Stud Fam Plann, 1980 Nov;11(11):330-4.
PMID: 7456109 DOI: 10.2307/1966036

PIP: While Malaysia's National Family Planning Board is primarily responsible for family planning activities, several organizations and ministries, both governmental and voluntary, participate in various service programs. Current population policy attempts to go beyond family planning. Population education, treatment of infertility, and cancer screening are offered as well as family planning, to make the program more useful to greater numbers of people. The government also wishes to improve the status of women thereby giving them alternative choices of lifestyle. Rural women are reached through the Ministry of Agriculture's community development program. While the National Family Planning Board receives only 0.12% of the national budget, this figure is not expected to increase. Tables giving vital rates show that population fell below the 30 per 1000 mark for the first time in 1977. A higher rate of fertility decline has taken place between 1967 - 1977 than occurred from 1957 - 1967. Current demographic objectives are to reduce crude birthrate to 28.2 per 1000 by 1980. This goal would require 817,963 new acceptors. While the pill accounts for 80% of acceptor's choice, the proportion using condoms has increased from 1.4% during 1969 - 1970 to 11.4% in 1979. Despite reported side effects with the pill and the illegality of induced abortions, virtually all acceptors are well satisfied with the program in its current form.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
East Asia review 1978-79. Introduction

Clinton JJ, Baker J

Stud Fam Plann, 1980 Nov;11(11):311-6.
PMID: 7456105 DOI: 10.2307/1966032
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Fulltext A family planning study in Kuala Pilah, Peninsular Malaysia

Thambypillai V

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Dec;37(4):326-35.
PMID: 7167084

Realising that family planning is not making a sufficient impact on the rural people as it is on the urban people, it was decided that it would be interesting to study the knowledge and attitude of a rural community towards family planning, The study sample consisted of 200 Malay married women - 100 acceptors and 100 non-acceptors from the Kuala Pilah District, The study commenced on 4 December 1978 and ended on 22 December 1978. A healthy climate of knowledge and attitude exists among rural Malay women. Only 2 percent nonacceptors had not heard of any method of family planning, and 99 percent acceptors, and 85 percent non-acceptors discussed family planning with their husbands. There was also enough evidence to show that birth rate does decrease as literacy rate increases. On the other hand, however, only 19 percent respondents approved of family planning practice before the first child. Also there is a dearth of information on family planning in the rural areas and not much was being done in utilising the two popular forms of mass-media - the radio and the television as a means of disseminating information on family planning. The study concludes with a recommendation that there is a need for sustained effort at improving knowledge and disseminating information, and nursing and nurturing the right attitudes towards family planning, It suggests that community leaders, women's clubs and private organisations be mobilised to participate more
fully in promoting family planning,

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Fulltext Husband-wife communication and family planning practices among Malay married couples in Mukim Rusila, Terengganu

Azimi YN, Atiya AS

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):218-28.
PMID: 14569742 MyJurnal

The role of husband-wife communication in the practice of family planning was studied among the rural Malay couples in Mukim Rusila, Terengganu. It was a cross-sectional study in which a cluster sampling was used to select the study sample. A total of 193 (100.0%) wives and 74 (38.3%) husbands responded to a face-to-face interview. Visual Analogue Scale was used to measure the level of husband-wife communication. Husband-wife communication score was lower on family planning compared to other matters. There was a significant fair agreement on the scores between the husbands and the wives (p > 0.05) on family planning. There was a significant association between husband-wife communication on family planning and the current practice of family planning (p = 0.002). The 'likelihood' that couples who had had good husband-wife communication to practice family planning was about 2.8 times higher compared to those couples with poor husband-wife communication (95% C.I.: 1.4, 5.3). Further research need to be carried out, as the study was limited by certain constraints.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Influences on family planning acceptance: an analysis of background and program factors in Malaysia

Johnson JT

Stud Fam Plann, 1979 Jan;10(1):15-24.
PMID: 442148 DOI: 10.2307/1966174

Which factors have the greater influence on family planning performance: fixed background variables such as racial composition, urbanization, and mortality, which are affected by level of development, or program inputs such as assignment of personnel and location of clinics, which are subject to manipulation by administrators? An analysis of differences in family planning acceptance among 70 districts of Malaysia shows that two main program-manipulable variables--level of personnel deployment and accessibility of clinics--have the largest direct effect upon acceptance levels. Variations in background factors explain a smaller proportion.
PIP: The application to the Malaysian family planning program of a conceptual model in which background factors, affected by the level of development, are distinguished from program input variables, subject to program manipulation, is considered in an effort to examine reasons for variations in program performance. Focus is particularly on the inputs of workers, who provide services and distribute supplies, and clinic facilities, through which services and supplies are made available. The questions asked concerned how their availability and use are affected by background factors, which themselves reflect to some extent the population's readiness to accept family planning. Distinguishing the program-manipulable factors from the background factors involved determination of the impact of both groups of variables, separately and together on levels of program acceptance, using appropriate bivariate and multivariate techniques. The evidence shows that in addition to background factors, over which program administrators can exercise no direct influence, there is a major contribution made to program acceptance through program factors over which the planner and administrator do have control. The 2 program variables contributed more in explaining performance levels than all 5 selected background variables combined, and the relative contribution of these program factors has increased over time. The key finding emerging from the different analyses is that program manipulable inputs are the dominant direct determinants of subsequent levels of family planning acceptance in Malayasia. Clearly, higher levels of development, as reflected in the measures of background variables, have facilitated acceptance, and background variables contributed significantly. Yet, whatever the level of development, the extent of deployment of program resources does significantly influence the level of program performance.

Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*
Use-effectivness of the copper-7 intrauterine device in a Malaysian family planning clinic

Heng GT

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):352-4.
PMID: 522748
Matched MeSH terms: Family Planning Services*

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