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Potential use of durian fruit (Durio zibenthinus Linn) as an adjunct to treat infertility in polycystic ovarian syndrome

Ansari RM

J Integr Med, 2016 Jan;14(1):22-8.
PMID: 26778225 DOI: 10.1016/S2095-4964(16)60240-6

Infertility due to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a worldwide problem that is increasing at alarming rates. Insulin resistance, the prime factor of PCOS, induces comorbid metabolic syndrome as well. Durian (Durio zibenthinus Linn), a fruit of Southeast Asia, is used as a natural supplement in healthy diets. This paper is a short literature review that examines the fruit's effects against various components of metabolic syndrome and its fertility-enhancing properties in PCOS. Various published literature was reviewed to learn of the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, anticholesterol, and antihypoglycaemic nature of the fruit. The literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar and library databases. The keywords used were polycystic ovarian syndrome, infertility, metabolic syndrome and Durian zibenthinus Linn. Reviewed studies showed that the fruit is effective against various components of metabolic syndrome, but the mechanisms of action against anovulation and menstrual disturbances in PCOS have yet to be studied. The traditional use of durian as a fertility-enhancing agent needs to be validated scientifically by isolating its various components and ascertaining its fertility enhancing properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology
Genital tuberculosis: a new challenge in an old disease

Nissapatorn V

South. Med. J., 2008 Dec;101(12):1201.
PMID: 19005453 DOI: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e318185a090
Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology*
Pyruvate reduces in vitro the embryotoxic effect of peritoneal fluid from infertile women with endometriosis

Noordin L, San GT, Singh HJ, Othman MS, Hafizah W

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2008 Jan;136(1):67-73.
PMID: 18079036

To ascertain the embryotoxicity of peritoneal fluid from infertile women with endometriosis (PF-E), on mouse embryos in culture and to examine the effect of pyruvate in the culture medium on PF-E induced embryotoxicity.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology
Endometriosis and infertility: the role of exogenous lipid peroxides in the peritoneal fluid

Arumugam K, Dip YC

Fertil. Steril., 1995 Jan;63(1):198-9.
PMID: 7805914

OBJECTIVE: To determine if lipid peroxides were raised in the pelvic peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis.
DESIGN: Control study involving patients with and without endometriosis.
METHODS: The lipid peroxide (malondialdehyde) levels in the pelvic PF of 12 patients with moderate-to severe endometriosis, 15 patients with minimal-mild endometriosis and 13 patients with normal pelvises were compared.
RESULTS: The level of lipid peroxides were not affected by the presence nor the severity of endometriosis.
CONCLUSION: Accelerated lipid peroxidation does not appear to play a role in the causal relationship between endometriosis and infertility.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology*
Pelvic tuberculosis: an uncommon gynaecological problem in Malaysia

Sivanesaratnam V, Lim BH, Sivanesan S, Menon A

J Trop Med Hyg, 1986 Aug;89(4):167-9.
PMID: 3783810

Tuberculosis of the genital tract was diagnosed in only 12 patients during the 17 year period from March 1968 to February 1985 at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, which serves as a major referral centre in Malaysia. The incidence was 0.31 per 1000 gynaecological admissions and the peak age incidence was in the age group 26 to 35 years. The surgical management was mainly conservative as infertility was the most frequent mode of presentation (50%). Evidence of previous pulmonary tuberculosis was present in only five cases. Adnexal adhesions were the commonest pelvic finding; the fallopian tubes and endometrium were affected with equal frequency. Positive cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were obtained in only five of the 12 patients. All patients received combination anti-tuberculosis drugs with satisfactory response.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology
Successful pregnancy outcome following gamete intra-Fallopian transfer in a patient with Müllerian dysgenesis

Lee CS, Lie AT

Reprod Biomed Online, 2012 May;24(5):547-9.
PMID: 22410277 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.01.021

A 29-year-old lady with Müllerian dysgenesis was keen to have a baby. Clinically, she was medium built with well-developed secondary female sexual characteristics. There was a short and blind vagina. She had undergone surgery for an imperforated hymen. Her FSH and LH concentrations were normal. Laparoscopy revealed a patent right Fallopian tube, a rudimentary right uterus and extensive pelvic endometriosis. She subsequently underwent gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT). Oocyte retrieval was carried out laparoscopically and a total of nine oocytes were retrieved. Four of the oocytes were transferred together with motile spermatozoa into the right Fallopian tube and the remaining five oocytes were inseminated with spermatozoa for IVF. Three embryos resulted and were frozen. She subsequently developed moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Serum β-human chorionic gonadotrophin concentration 14 days after GIFT was 1612 IU/l. Her antenatal care was relatively uneventful until 31 weeks of gestation when she was diagnosed to have intrauterine growth retardation and oligohydramnios. She then underwent an emergency Caesarean section at 32 weeks of pregnancy delivering a normal baby. This case study describes a successful pregnancy outcome following gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) in a woman with malformation of the vagina (Müllerian dysgenesis). A 29-year-old lady with Müllerian dysgenesis diagnosed at 16 years of age was keen to become pregnant. Upon examination, a decision was made for a William's vulvovaginoplasty but as the patient was indecisive the surgery was deferred. Clinically, she is a medium-built lady with well-developed secondary female sexual characteristics. There was a short and blind vagina. Her serum FSH and LH concentrations were normal. Laparoscopy revealed a patent right Fallopian tube, a rudimentary right uterus and extensive pelvic endometriosis. She subsequently underwent GIFT. Nine oocytes were retrieved through laparoscopy. Four of the oocytes were transferred together with motile sperm into the right Fallopian tube and the remaining five oocytes were inseminated with sperm for IVF. Three embryos resulted and were frozen. Serum β human chorionic gonadotrophin concentration measured 14 days after GIFT was 1612 IU/l. An abdominal ultrasonography performed at 5 weeks showed one intrauterine gestational sac. Her antenatal care was uneventful until 31 weeks of gestation when she developed a deficiency of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. She then underwent an emergency Caesarean section at 32 weeks of pregnancy. She delivered a healthy, normal 1.24 kg baby boy. Her post-natal care was uneventful.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology*
Comparison of clomiphene citrate, metformin, or the combination of both for first-line ovulation induction, achievement of pregnancy, and live birth in Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Zain MM, Jamaluddin R, Ibrahim A, Norman RJ

Fertil. Steril., 2009 Feb;91(2):514-21.
PMID: 18321486 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.002

To determine the first-line medication to be used in anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for ovulation induction and pregnancy achievement.

Matched MeSH terms: Infertility, Female/etiology