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Plasmodium vivax malaria serological exposure markers: Assessing the degree and implications of cross-reactivity with P. knowlesi

Longley RJ 1 , Grigg MJ 2 , Schoffer K 3 , Obadia T 4 , Hyslop S 3 , Piera KA 2 Show all authors , Nekkab N 5 , Mazhari R 6 , Takashima E 7 , Tsuboi T 7 , Harbers M 8 , Tetteh K 9 , Drakeley C 9 , Chitnis CE 10 , Healer J 6 , Tham WH 6 , Sattabongkot J 11 , White MT 5 , Cooper DJ 12 , Rajahram GS 13 , Barber BE 2 , William T 14 , Anstey NM 2 , Mueller I 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Population Health and Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: longley.r@wehi.edu.au
  • 2 Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
  • 3 Population Health and Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
  • 4 Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, 75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 75015, Paris, France
  • 5 Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Analytics G5 Unit, 75015, Paris, France
  • 6 Population Health and Immunity Division, WEHI, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, VIC, Australia
  • 7 Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
  • 8 CellFree Sciences Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Japan; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
  • 9 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
  • 10 Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines Unit, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
  • 11 Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 12 Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
  • 13 Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Clinical Research Centre, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
  • 14 Infectious Diseases Society Kota Kinabalu Sabah, Kota Kinabalu Sabah, Malaysia; Gleneagles Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Cell Rep Med, 2022 06 21;3(6):100662.
PMID: 35732155 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100662

Abstract

Serological markers are a promising tool for surveillance and targeted interventions for Plasmodium vivax malaria. P. vivax is closely related to the zoonotic parasite P. knowlesi, which also infects humans. P. vivax and P. knowlesi are co-endemic across much of South East Asia, making it important to design serological markers that minimize cross-reactivity in this region. To determine the degree of IgG cross-reactivity against a panel of P. vivax serological markers, we assayed samples from human patients with P. knowlesi malaria. IgG antibody reactivity is high against P. vivax proteins with high sequence identity with their P. knowlesi ortholog. IgG reactivity peaks at 7 days post-P. knowlesi infection and is short-lived, with minimal responses 1 year post-infection. We designed a panel of eight P. vivax proteins with low levels of cross-reactivity with P. knowlesi. This panel can accurately classify recent P. vivax infections while reducing misclassification of recent P. knowlesi infections.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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