Amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease

Maurya R 1 , Bhattacharjee G 1 , Khambhati K 1 , Gohil N 1 , Singh P 1 , Mani I 2 Show all authors , Chu DT 3 , Ramakrishna S 4 , Show PL 5 , Singh V 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
  • 2 Department of Microbiology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
  • 3 Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • 4 College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
  • 5 Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: vijaisingh15@gmail.com
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci, 2023;196:261-270.
PMID: 36813361 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.006

Abstract

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a membrane protein expressed in several tissues. The occurrence of APP is predominant in synapses of nerve cells. It acts as a cell surface receptor and plays a vital role as a regulator of synapse formation, iron export and neural plasticity. It is encoded by the APP gene that is regulated by substrate presentation. APP is a precursor protein activated by proteolytic cleavage and thereby generating amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides which eventually form amyloid plaques that accumulate in Alzheimer's disease patients' brains. In this chapter, we highlight basic mechanism, structure, expression patterns and cleavage of amyloid plaques, and its diagnosis and potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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