Effects of Mediterranean diets and nutrigenomics on cardiovascular health

Bakrim S 1 , Aboulaghras S 2 , Aanniz T 3 , Benali T 4 , El Omari N 5 , El-Shazly M 6 Show all authors , Lee LH 7 , Mustafa SK 8 , Sahib N 9 , Rebezov M 10 , Ali Shariati M 11 , Lorenzo JM 12 , Bouyahya A 13

Affiliations 

  • 1 Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
  • 2 Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Genomic of Human Pathologies Research, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
  • 3 Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Rabat Medical & Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
  • 4 Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh-Safi, Morocco
  • 5 Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
  • 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  • 7 Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 8 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
  • 9 Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Productions Agricoles, Biotechnologie et Environnement (LAPABE), Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed Premier University, Oujda, Morocco
  • 10 V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
  • 11 Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry, Semey Branch of the Institute, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
  • 12 Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
  • 13 Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2023 Mar 13.
PMID: 36908235 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2187622

Abstract

The field of nutrigenomics studies the interaction between nutrition and genetics, and how certain dietary patterns can impact gene expression and overall health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, has been linked to better cardiovascular health (CVH) outcomes. This review summarizes the current state of research on the effects of nutrigenomics and MedDiet on cardiovascular health. Results suggest that MedDiet, through its impact on gene expression, can positively influence CVH markers such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and inflammation. However, more research is needed to fully understand the complex interactions between genetics, nutrition, and CVH, and to determine the optimal dietary patterns for individualized care. The aim of this scientific review is to evaluate the current evidence on the effects of nutrigenomics and MedDiet on cardiovascular health. The review summarizes the available studies that have investigated the relationship between nutrition, genetics, and cardiovascular health, and explores the mechanisms by which certain dietary patterns can impact CVH outcomes. The review focuses on the effects of MedDiet, a dietary pattern that is rich in whole foods and healthy fats, and its potential to positively influence CVH through its impact on gene expression. The review highlights the limitations of current research and the need for further studies to fully understand the complex interplay between nutrition, genetics, and cardiovascular health.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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