Comprehensive review on lignocellulosic biomass derived biochar production, characterization, utilization and applications

Jayakumar M 1 , Hamda AS 2 , Abo LD 2 , Daba BJ 2 , Venkatesa Prabhu S 3 , Rangaraju M 4 Show all authors , Jabesa A 2 , Periyasamy S 5 , Suresh S 6 , Baskar G 7

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. Electronic address: drjkiothu@gmail.com
  • 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
  • 3 Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia
  • 4 Department of Chemical Engineering, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
  • 5 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, 1888, Ethiopia
  • 6 Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Kampus Terpadu UII, Jl. Kaliurang Km 14, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • 7 Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, 1102, 2801, Lebanon. Electronic address: basg2004@gmail.com
Chemosphere, 2023 Dec;345:140515.
PMID: 37871877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140515

Abstract

Biochar is an ample source of organic carbon prepared by the thermal breakdown of biomass. Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising precursor for biochar production, and has several applications in various industries. In addition, biochar can be applied for environmental revitalization by reducing the negative impacts through intrinsic mechanisms. In addition to its environmentally friendly nature, biochar has several recyclable and inexpensive benefits. Nourishing and detoxification of the environment can be undertaken using biochar by different investigators on account of its excellent contaminant removal capacity. Studies have shown that biochar can be improved by activation to remove toxic pollutants. In general, biochar is produced by closed-loop systems; however, decentralized methods have been proven to be more efficient for increasing resource efficiency in view of circular bio-economy and lignocellulosic waste management. In the last decade, several studies have been conducted to reveal the unexplored potential and to understand the knowledge gaps in different biochar-based applications. However, there is still a crucial need for research to acquire sufficient data regarding biochar modification and management, the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass, and achieving a sustainable paradigm. The present review has been articulated to provide a summary of information on different aspects of biochar, such as production, characterization, modification for improvisation, issues, and remediation have been addressed.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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