Affiliations 

  • 1 UKM─Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
  • 2 Center of Industrial Applications and Materials Technology, Scientific Research Commission, Baghdad 00964, Iraq
  • 3 Applied Sciences Department/Laser Science and Technology Branch, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
  • 4 Department of Communications Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
  • 5 Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar 73211, Saudi Arabia
Langmuir, 2024 Oct 26.
PMID: 39460975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03513

Abstract

This work explores bubble laser technology as an alternative to needles in injection systems for vaccination, cancer treatment, insulin delivery, and catheter hygiene. The technology leverages laser-induced microfiltration and bubble dynamics to create high-speed pneumatic jets that penetrate the skin without needles, addressing discomfort, infection risk, and needle-related concerns. The system's performance is analyzed based on laser wavelength, pulse duration, and Gaussian beam droplet size. The findings indicate a significant increase in spot size at 1064 nm compared with 400 nm, consistent with the diffraction theory. Induced bubble dynamics reveal bubble generation, jetting, and fluid interactions as the Weber number increases, as well as jet velocity and fluid inertia. For femtosecond pulses, increasing the pulse duration from 100 to 1500 fs reduces the bubble lifespan from 0.8 to 0.3 arbitrary units, and the collapse pressure decreases from 2.1 to 0.4 bar. For picosecond pulses, the bubble lifetime decreases from 0.9 to 0.5 arbitrary units, and the pressure drop decreases from 2.0 to 0.4 bar as the pulse length extends from 2000 to 8000 ps. Jet formation in laser jet injection systems is enhanced by short pulses in water that produce longer-lasting bubbles. Drug delivery based on the Rayleigh-Plesset equation is characterized by a low-pressure collapse and short bubble lifetime. Thus, this relationship suggests that bubble laser technology can provide a more controlled and safer method of needle-free procedures, increasing compliance and reducing tissue trauma.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

Similar publications