Impact of whey protein on lipid profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Gataa IS 1 , Abdullah Z 2 , González Cabrera MV 3 , S R 4 , Verma S 5 , Arora I 6 Show all authors , Monsi M 7 , Muzammil K 8 , Zainul R 9

Affiliations 

  • 1 Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
  • 2 Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
  • 3 Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Panamericana Sur km. 1½, Riobamba, 060155, Ecuador
  • 4 Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
  • 5 Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
  • 6 Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Punjab, Mohali, 140307, India
  • 7 Department of Pharmacy Practice, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
  • 8 Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia
  • 9 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia; Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysics Informatics (CAMPBIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia; Researcher Fellow at Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovations (APU), Malaysia. Electronic address: rahadianzmsiphd@fmipa.unp.ac.id
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2025 Jan 06.
PMID: 39939251 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2025.103858

Abstract

AIMS: This research delved into a comprehensive examination and detailed analysis of the effects of whey protein (WP) supplementation on lipid profile in adults.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Data used in this research was obtained from diverse clinical trials. Thorough searches were carried out on multiple electronic platforms including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library from their inception until May 2024. Random effects models were assessed and pooled data were determined as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS: Overall, 20 randomized clinical trials (n = 1638 participants) met our inclusion criteria. The current meta-analysis demonstrates a significant reduction in TG (WMD: -12.21 mg/dL; %95CI: -20.16, -4.26; P = 0.003). Pooled analysis of 19 studies on HDL-c indicated a significant increase (WMD: 2.59 mg/dL; %95CI: 1.11, 4.07; P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: We found that WP intake can improve TG and HDL-c significantly without significant effects on TC, and LDL-c levels. However, future well-designed with long duration RCTs is required on diverse populations to understand better the effects of these natural compounds and their constituents on lipid profile in adults.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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