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Genetic and Chromosomal Aberrations and Their Clinical Significance in Renal Neoplasms

Yap NY 1 , Rajandram R 2 , Ng KL 3 , Pailoor J 4 , Fadzli A 1 , Gobe GC 5

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Centre for Kidney Disease Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia ; University of Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Centre for Kidney Disease Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia
  • 4 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 5 Centre for Kidney Disease Research, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane QLD 4102, Australia
Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:476508.
PMID: 26448938 DOI: 10.1155/2015/476508

Abstract

The most common form of malignant renal neoplasms is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is classified into several different subtypes based on the histomorphological features. However, overlaps in these characteristics may present difficulties in the accurate diagnosis of these subtypes, which have different clinical outcomes. Genomic and molecular studies have revealed unique genetic aberrations in each subtype. Knowledge of these genetic changes in hereditary and sporadic renal neoplasms has given an insight into the various proteins and signalling pathways involved in tumour formation and progression. In this review, the genetic aberrations characteristic to each renal neoplasm subtype are evaluated along with the associated protein products and affected pathways. The potential applications of these genetic aberrations and proteins as diagnostic tools, prognostic markers, or therapeutic targets are also assessed.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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