Affiliations 

  • 1 Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 3 Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: faridah_abas@upm.edu.my
  • 4 Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea
  • 5 Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea
  • 6 Department of Food Nutrition, Gwangju Health University, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, South Korea
  • 7 Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel. Electronic address: shela.gorin@mail.huji.ac.il
Talanta, 2018 Jul 01;184:277-286.
PMID: 29674043 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.084

Abstract

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) is one of the most important fruits that has been consumed for its medicinal properties due to the presence of some active metabolites, particularly polyphenols and carotenoids. Previously described methods, including HPLC, were limited in the determination of metabolites in different persimmon varieties. The present study shows the evaluation and the differences among persimmon polar and non-polar extracts by 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach. The hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) based on score values of principal component analysis (PCA) model was used to analyze the important compounds in investigated fruits. The 1H NMR spectrum of persimmon chloroform (CDCl3) extracts showed different types of compounds as compared to polar methanol-water (CD3OD-D2O) ones. Persimmons growing in Israel were clustered different from those growing in Korea with the abundance of phenolic compounds (gallic, caffeic and protocathecuic acids), carotenoids (β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin), amino acids (alanine), maltose, uridine, and fatty acids (myristic and palmitoleic acids). Glucose, choline and formic acid were more prominent in persimmon growing in Korea. In CD3OD-D2O and CDCl3 persimmon extracts, 43 metabolites were identified. The metabolic differences were shown as well on the results of bioactivities and antioxidant capacities determined by ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH assays. The presented methods can be widely used for quantitation of multiple compounds in many plant and biological samples especially in vegetables and fruits.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.