The effects of carnitine supplementation on clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abolfathi M 1 , Mohd-Yusof BN 2 , Hanipah ZN 3 , Mohd Redzwan S 4 , Yusof LM 5 , Khosroshahi MZ 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: GS51501@student.upm.edu.my
  • 2 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre of Excellence for NCD (Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: bnisak@upm.edu.my
  • 3 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: n_baidah@upm.edu.my
  • 4 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: mohdredzwan@upm.edu.my
  • 5 Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: loqman@upm.edu.my
  • 6 Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Electronic address: Zeinali.mohammad@lums.ac.ir
Complement Ther Med, 2020 Jan;48:102273.
PMID: 31987257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.102273

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The beneficial effects of carnitine supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of carnitine supplementation on liver function, lipid profile, body mass index, body weight, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were performed. Only randomized placebo-controlled human studies that examined the effects of carnitine supplementation on liver function, lipid profile, body mass index, body weight, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance up to September 2019 were included. Fixed effects or random-effects models were applied to compute the pooled effect size. Heterogeneity assessments were performed using Cochran's Q test and I-squared statistics. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Jaded scale.

RESULTS: A total of 5 articles were selected, including 334 individuals (167 in control and 167 in intervention groups). The results demonstrated that carnitine supplementation significantly reduced homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0.91; 95 % CI: -1.11, -0.72; p 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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