MacNeil MA 1 , Chapman DD 2 , Heupel M 3 , Simpfendorfer CA 4 , Heithaus M 2 , Meekan M 5 Show all authors , Harvey E 6 , Goetze J 6 , Kiszka J 2 , Bond ME 2 , Currey-Randall LM 3 , Speed CW 5 , Sherman CS 4 , Rees MJ 5 , Udyawer V 7 , Flowers KI 2 , Clementi G 2 , Valentin-Albanese J 8 , Gorham T 9 , Adam MS 10 , Ali K 2 , Pina-Amargós F 11 , Angulo-Valdés JA 12 , Asher J 13 , Barcia LG 2 , Beaufort O 14 , Benjamin C 15 , Bernard ATF 16 , Berumen ML 17 , Bierwagen S 4 , Bonnema E 2 , Bown RMK 18 , Bradley D 19 , Brooks E 20 , Brown JJ 21 , Buddo D 22 , Burke P 23 , Cáceres C 2 , Cardeñosa D 8 , Carrier JC 24 , Caselle JE 25 , Charloo V 26 , Claverie T 27 , Clua E 28 , Cochran JEM 17 , Cook N 29 , Cramp J 30 , D'Alberto B 4 , de Graaf M 31 , Dornhege M 32 , Estep A 33 , Fanovich L 29 , Farabaugh NF 2 , Fernando D 18 , Flam AL 34 , Floros C 35 , Fourqurean V 2 , Garla R 36 , Gastrich K 2 , George L 4 , Graham R 37 , Guttridge T 38 , Hardenstine RS 17 , Heck S 8 , Henderson AC 39 , Hertler H 40 , Hueter R 41 , Johnson M 42 , Jupiter S 43 , Kasana D 2 , Kessel ST 44 , Kiilu B 45 , Kirata T 46 , Kuguru B 47 , Kyne F 48 , Langlois T 49 , Lédée EJI 50 , Lindfield S 51 , Luna-Acosta A 52 , Maggs J 53 , Manjaji-Matsumoto BM 54 , Marshall A 34 , Matich P 55 , McCombs E 56 , McLean D 5 , Meggs L 57 , Moore S 58 , Mukherji S 4 , Murray R 59 , Kaimuddin M 60 , Newman SJ 61 , Nogués J 62 , Obota C 63 , O'Shea O 64 , Osuka K 65 , Papastamatiou YP 2 , Perera N 18 , Peterson B 8 , Ponzo A 59 , Prasetyo A 66 , Quamar LMS 67 , Quinlan J 2 , Ruiz-Abierno A 12 , Sala E 68 , Samoilys M 63 , Schärer-Umpierre M 69 , Schlaff A 4 , Simpson N 70 , Smith ANH 71 , Sparks L 72 , Tanna A 18 , Torres R 73 , Travers MJ 61 , van Zinnicq Bergmann M 2 , Vigliola L 74 , Ward J 75 , Watts AM 34 , Wen C 76 , Whitman E 2 , Wirsing AJ 77 , Wothke A 29 , Zarza-Gonzâlez E 78 , Cinner JE 30

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. a.macneil@dal.ca
  • 2 Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA
  • 3 Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
  • 4 Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
  • 5 Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
  • 6 School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
  • 7 Australian Institute of Marine Science, Arafura Timor Research Facility, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
  • 8 School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
  • 9 Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
  • 10 International Pole and Line Foundation, Malé, Maldives
  • 11 Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costeros (CIEC), Cayo Coco, Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
  • 12 Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, Havana, Cuba
  • 13 Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
  • 14 Réseau requins des Antilles Francaises, Kap Natirel, Vieux-Fort, Guadeloupe
  • 15 Mahonia Na Dari Research and Conservation Centre, Kimbe, Papua New Guinea
  • 16 South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa
  • 17 Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
  • 18 Blue Resources Trust, Colombo, Sri Lanka
  • 19 Bren School of Environmental Sciences and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
  • 20 Shark Research and Conservation Program, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Cape Eleuthera, Eleuthera, Bahamas
  • 21 Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
  • 22 University of the West Indies, Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, Discovery Bay, Jamaica
  • 23 Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • 24 Albion College, Albion, MI, USA
  • 25 Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
  • 26 Coastal Impact, Quitula, Aldona Bardez, India
  • 27 CUFR Mayotte & Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Montpellier, France
  • 28 PSL Research University, LABEX CORAIL, CRIOBE USR3278 EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, Mòorea, French Polynesia
  • 29 Environmental Research Institute Charlotteville, Charlotteville, Trinidad and Tobago
  • 30 ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
  • 31 Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, IJmuiden, The Netherlands
  • 32 Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan
  • 33 Waitt Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
  • 34 Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, USA
  • 35 The South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
  • 36 Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
  • 37 Independent consultant, Hull, UK
  • 38 Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, South Bimini, Bahamas
  • 39 Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  • 40 The School for Field Studies Center for Marine Resource Studies, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands
  • 41 Center for Shark Research, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA
  • 42 Operation Wallacea, Spilsby, Lincolnshire, UK
  • 43 Wildlife Conservation Society, Melanesia Program, Suva, Fiji
  • 44 Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA
  • 45 Kenya Fisheries Service, Mombasa, Kenya
  • 46 Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Development, Kiritimati, Kiribati
  • 47 Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
  • 48 University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
  • 49 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
  • 50 Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
  • 51 Coral Reef Research Foundation, Koror, Palau
  • 52 Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
  • 53 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hataitai, New Zealand
  • 54 Endangered Marine Species Research Unit, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
  • 55 Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
  • 56 Aquarium of the Pacific, Long Beach, CA, USA
  • 57 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Annapolis, MD, USA
  • 58 Department of Biodiversity, Conservation & Attractions, Parks & Wildlife WA, Pilbara Region, Nickol, Western Australia, Australia
  • 59 Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Jagna, The Philippines
  • 60 Wasage Divers, Wakatobi and Buton, Indonesia
  • 61 Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, North Beach, Western Australia, Australia
  • 62 Island Conservation Society Seychelles, Victoria, Mahé, Seychelles
  • 63 CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya
  • 64 The Centre for Ocean Research and Education, Gregory Town, Eleuthera, Bahamas
  • 65 Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
  • 66 Center for Fisheries Research, Ministry for Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia
  • 67 Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin Bau-Bau, Bau-Bau, Indonesia
  • 68 Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA
  • 69 HJR Reefscaping, Boquerón, Puerto Rico
  • 70 SalvageBlue, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • 71 School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
  • 72 Indo Ocean Project, PT Nomads Diving Bali, Nusa Penida, Indonesia
  • 73 Reef Check Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
  • 74 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR ENTROPIE (IRD-UR-UNC-CNRS-IFREMER), Nouméa, New Caledonia
  • 75 Secretariat of the Pacific Regional, Environment Programme, Apia, Samoa
  • 76 Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
  • 77 School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
  • 78 Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park, GIBEAM Research Group, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia
Nature, 2020 09;585(7825):E11.
PMID: 32848253 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2692-z

Abstract

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.