Affiliations 

  • 1 School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia; email: c.binns@curtin.edu.au
  • 2 College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; email: m.k.lee@murdoch.edu.au
  • 3 College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom
  • 4 Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway, email: livtor@oslomet.no
  • 5 Office of International Academic Affairs, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; email: keikonanishi@yahoo.co.jp
  • 6 Faculty of Social Sciences, Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; email: dttd@huph.edu.vn
Annu Rev Public Health, 2021 04 01;42:233-255.
PMID: 33497266 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-012420-105044

Abstract

Food production is affected by climate change, and, in turn, food production is responsible for 20-30% of greenhouse gases. The food system must increase output as the population increases and must meet nutrition and health needs while simultaneously assisting in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Good nutrition is important for combatting infection, reducing child mortality, and controlling obesity and chronic disease throughout the life course. Dietary guidelines provide advice for a healthy diet, and the main principles are now well established and compatible with sustainable development. Climate change will have a significant effect on food supply; however, with political commitment and substantial investment, projected improvements will be sufficient to provide food for the healthy diets needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Some changes will need to be made to food production, nutrient content will need monitoring, and more equitable distribution is required to meet the dietary guidelines. Increased breastfeeding rates will improve infant and adult health while helping to reduce greenhouse gases.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.