The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future

Romanello M 1 , McGushin A 1 , Di Napoli C 2 , Drummond P 3 , Hughes N 3 , Jamart L 1 Show all authors , Kennard H 4 , Lampard P 5 , Solano Rodriguez B 4 , Arnell N 6 , Ayeb-Karlsson S 7 , Belesova K 8 , Cai W 9 , Campbell-Lendrum D 10 , Capstick S 11 , Chambers J 12 , Chu L 13 , Ciampi L 14 , Dalin C 3 , Dasandi N 15 , Dasgupta S 16 , Davies M 17 , Dominguez-Salas P 18 , Dubrow R 13 , Ebi KL 19 , Eckelman M 20 , Ekins P 3 , Escobar LE 21 , Georgeson L 22 , Grace D 23 , Graham H 5 , Gunther SH 24 , Hartinger S 25 , He K 26 , Heaviside C 17 , Hess J 27 , Hsu SC 4 , Jankin S 28 , Jimenez MP 29 , Kelman I 1 , Kiesewetter G 30 , Kinney PL 31 , Kjellstrom T 32 , Kniveton D 33 , Lee JKW 24 , Lemke B 34 , Liu Y 35 , Liu Z 9 , Lott M 36 , Lowe R 37 , Martinez-Urtaza J 38 , Maslin M 22 , McAllister L 39 , McMichael C 40 , Mi Z 26 , Milner J 41 , Minor K 42 , Mohajeri N 17 , Moradi-Lakeh M 43 , Morrissey K 44 , Munzert S 28 , Murray KA 45 , Neville T 10 , Nilsson M 46 , Obradovich N 47 , Sewe MO 48 , Oreszczyn T 4 , Otto M 49 , Owfi F 50 , Pearman O 51 , Pencheon D 52 , Rabbaniha M 50 , Robinson E 2 , Rocklöv J 48 , Salas RN 53 , Semenza JC 54 , Sherman J 55 , Shi L 35 , Springmann M 56 , Tabatabaei M 57 , Taylor J 58 , Trinanes J 59 , Shumake-Guillemot J 60 , Vu B 35 , Wagner F 30 , Wilkinson P 41 , Winning M 3 , Yglesias M 25 , Zhang S 9 , Gong P 61 , Montgomery H 62 , Costello A 1 , Hamilton I 63

Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
  • 2 School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  • 3 Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, London, UK
  • 4 UCL Energy Institute, University College London, London, UK
  • 5 Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
  • 6 Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  • 7 Institute for Environment and Human Security, United Nations University, Bonn, Germany
  • 8 Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
  • 9 Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
  • 10 Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 11 Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
  • 12 Institute for Environmental Sciences, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 13 Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
  • 14 The Walker Institute, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  • 15 School of Government, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
  • 16 Economic analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy, Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Venice, Italy
  • 17 Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, University College London, London, UK
  • 18 Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, UK
  • 19 Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
  • 20 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
  • 21 Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
  • 22 Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
  • 23 Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
  • 24 Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
  • 25 School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
  • 26 The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London, UK
  • 27 Centre for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
  • 28 Data Science Lab, Hertie School, Berlin, Germany
  • 29 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
  • 30 Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases Programme, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria
  • 31 Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
  • 32 Health and Environment International Trust, Nelson, New Zealand
  • 33 School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
  • 34 School of Health, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, Nelson, New Zealand
  • 35 Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
  • 36 Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
  • 37 Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
  • 38 Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 39 Center for Energy Markets, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  • 40 School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  • 41 Department of Public Health, Environments, and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
  • 42 Copenhagen Center for Social Data Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 43 Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 44 Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • 45 MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK; MRC Unit The Gambia, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
  • 46 Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
  • 47 Centre for Humans and Machines, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
  • 48 Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
  • 49 Department of Arts, Media & Digital Technologies, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, Nelson, New Zealand
  • 50 Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran
  • 51 Cooperative Institute of Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
  • 52 College of Medicine and Health, Exeter University, Exeter, UK
  • 53 Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
  • 54 Lateral Public Health Consulting, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 55 Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
  • 56 Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • 57 Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 58 Department of Civil Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
  • 59 Department of Electronics and Computer Science, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
  • 60 WHO-WMO Joint Climate and Health Office, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 61 Department of Geography, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
  • 62 Centre for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, UK
  • 63 UCL Energy Institute, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: i.hamilton@ucl.ac.uk
Lancet, 2021 Oct 30;398(10311):1619-1662.
PMID: 34687662 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01787-6

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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