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Antibody response to the first dose of AZD1222 vaccine in COVID-19 convalescent and uninfected individuals in Bangladesh

Jamiruddin R 1 , Haq A 2 , Khondoker MU 2 , Ali T 2 , Ahmed F 3 , Khandker SS 2 Show all authors , Jawad I 3 , Hossain R 4 , Ahmed S 5 , Rahman SR 6 , Mustafi M 7 , Kaitsuka T 8 , Mie M 9 , Tomizawa K 10 , Kobatake E 9 , Haque M 11 , Adnan N 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 2 Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 3 Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 4 Department of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 6 Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 7 Department of Community Medicine, Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • 8 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 9 School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
  • 10 Department of Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
  • 11 The Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health Universiti Pertahanan, Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sugai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Expert Rev Vaccines, 2021 12;20(12):1651-1660.
PMID: 34503369 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1977630

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Vaccination with the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222) initially started in the UK and quickly implemented around the Globe, including Bangladesh. Up to date, more than nine million doses administrated to the Bangladeshi public.

METHOD: Herein, we studied the antibody response to the first dose of AZD1222 in 86 Bangladeshi individuals using in-house ELISA kits. Study subjects were categorized into two groups, convalescent and uninfected, based on prior infection history and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-IgG profiles.

RESULTS: All the convalescent individuals presented elevated spike-1-IgG compared to 90% of uninfected ones after the first dose. Day >28 post-vaccination, the convalescent group showed six times higher antibody titer than the uninfected ones. The most elevated antibody titers for the former and later group were found at Day 14 and Days >28 post-vaccination, respectively. The spike-1-IgA titer showed a similar pattern as spike-1-IgG, although in a low-titer. In contrast, the IgM titer did not show any significant change in either group.

CONCLUSION: High antibody titer in the convalescent group, signify the importance of the first dose among the uninfected group. This study advocates the integration of antibody tests in vaccination programs in the healthcare system for maximizing benefit.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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