Affiliations 

  • 1 Clinical Engineering Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
  • 2 Gleneagles Hospital Medini Johor, Malaysia
  • 3 Department of Emergency and Trauma, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
  • 5 Department of Anesthesiology, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
Resusc Plus, 2021 Dec;8:100180.
PMID: 34806055 DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2021.100180

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a significant challenge for infection prevention and control during airway management in anaesthesia and critical care. The protective barrier enclosure has been described and studied particularly for perioperative anaesthesia use. The potential use of the protective barrier enclosure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been poorly explored in the current literature. This work aims to demonstrate the potential of protective barrier enclosure in limiting aerosol dispersion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation delivery.

Methods: A proof-of-concept simulation study was conducted to evaluate the protective properties of the protective barrier enclosure during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Aerosol was simulated using a fluorescent dye trapped within the manikin. Three different methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation delivery with a protective barrier enclosure applied over the manikin's head were conducted. The first method simulated a chest compression only cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the second method also used chest compressions only, with a face mask fitted on the victim, while the third method, the victim was given chest compression and bag-valve-mask ventilation by two rescuers.

Results: In the first method, release of aerosol from the manikin's mouth was observed during chest compression, while in second method, most of the aerosol was trapped within the face mask, with only minor leaking. However, when bag-valve-mask ventilation was delivered, the aerosol leaked out at high speed around the bag-valve-mask seal. No aerosol condensation was found outside of the protective barrier enclosure in all scenes.

Conclusion: Protective barrier enclosure may reduce aerosol exposure to the rescuers during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.