Androgen ablation therapy using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists is reported to be associated with metabolic abnormalities. Annatto tocotrienol (AnTT) is reported to reduce the expression of genes related to adipogenesis but the mechanism remains elusive. This study sought to determine the effects of annatto tocotrienol on body composition (lean and fat mass), serum adiponectin, leptin, and glucose levels in male rats treated with buserelin, a testosterone ablation agent. Three-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups. The normal control (n=8) was given corn oil orally daily and normal saline subcutaneously daily. The remaining groups were injected with buserelin subcutaneously (75μg/kg/day). The buserelin group (n=8) was given corn oil orally, while the treatment groups were supplemented orally with AnTT at 60 or 100 mg/ kg (n = 8/group). After treatment of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was performed to determine the lean and fat mass of the rats. Blood was collected for the evaluation of adiponectin, leptin and glucose levels. After 12 weeks, the lean mass, fat mass, adiponectin and leptin levels for all groups increased significantly compared to their respective baseline levels irrespective of their treatment (P
Pengukuran ketumpatan mineral tulang oleh 'Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry' (DXA) adalah penting untuk mengenalpasti osteoporosis. Ralat ketepatan DXA adalah ukuran yang penting untuk menentukan perubahan sebenar dalam nilai ketumpatan mineral tulang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pekali variasi jangka pendek mesin QDR Wi DXA Discovery Hologic. Ketumpatan mineral tulang pinggul dan tulang belakang untuk lima belas sukarelawan (purata umur: 30.67 + 10.41 tahun) dan ketumpatan tulang keseluruhan badan untuk lima belas ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley betina (berusia tiga bulan) diimbas menggunakan mesin HDR Discover QDR Wi DXA. Setiap sukarelawan dan tikus menjalani imbasan sebanyak tiga kali untuk menilai kebolehulangan nilai ketumpatan tulang. Imbasan untuk subjek manusia dilakukan dalam tempoh 1 hingga 12 minggu. Untuk sampel haiwan, imbasan diulang pada hari yang sama selepas posisi semula. Ralat kepersisan dinyatakan sebagai peratusan pekali variasi (%CV). %CV diperolehi untuk tulang belakang lumbar adalah 1.8% dan 1.2% untuk tulang pinggul. %CV untuk keseluruhan BMD tikus adalah 1.4%. %CV jangka pendek yang ditunjukkan untuk kedua-dua manusia dan haiwan dalam kajian ini adalah setanding. Ralat kepersisan DXA mesti dipantau untuk memastikan prestasi yang optimum.
Older adults are at risk of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are associated with a reduced cross-sectional area and muscle strength of the back extensor muscles, increased intramuscular fat infiltration and thoracic and lumbar curvature alterations. This study proposed a protocol to examine in more detail the contributions of altered spinal morphological, physical performance and biochemical markers to the risk of developing osteoporotic vertebral fractures. In this cross-sectional study, we plan to recruit 100 adults aged 50 years and above from an orthopaedic clinic, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The fracture prediction tool (FRAX) will be used to categorise high and low risk groups. Back muscle strength will be quantified using a load cell system. Thoracolumbar curvatures will be examined using an electromagnetic tracking system and intramuscular fat infiltration in the lumbar muscles will be measured using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The Short Physical Performance Battery and JAMA dynamometer will quantify physical performance and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire will be used to assess self-perceived quality of life. Biochemical markers of serum C terminal telopeptide and N terminal propeptide of type I procollagen will be assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kit. A spine-specific model using regression analysis will be developed to predict osteoporotic vertebral fractures using the measured parameters in the present study.