MyMedR

Oil palm 'slash-and-burn' practice increases post-fire greenhouse gas emissions and nutrient concentrations in burnt regions of an agricultural tropical peatland

Dhandapani S, Evers S

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Nov 10;742:140648.

PMID: 32721749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140648

Fire is one of the major issues facing Southeast Asian peatlands causing socio-economic, human health and climate crises. Many of these fires in the region are associated with land clearing or management practices for oil palm plantations. Here we study the direct post-fire impacts of slash-and-burn oil palm agriculture on greenhouse gas emissions, peat physico-chemical properties and nutrient concentrations. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were measured using Los Gatos ultraportable greenhouse gas analyser one month after a fire in dry season and five months after the fire event, in wet season. Surface soil samples were collected from each individual GHG measurement points, along with 50 cm cores from both burnt and non-burnt control areas for lab analyses. As an immediate post-fire impact, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions, pH, electrical conductivity, and all macronutrient concentrations except nitrogen (N) were increased multi-fold, while the redox potential, carbon (C) and N content were greatly reduced in the burnt region. While some of the properties such as CO2 emissions, and electrical conductivity reverted to normal after five months, other properties such as CH4 emissions, pH and nutrient concentrations remained high in the burnt region. This study also found very high loss of surface peat C content in the burnt region post fire, which is irreversible. The results also show that surface peat layers up to 20 cm depth were affected the most by slash-and-burn activity in oil palm agriculture, however the intensity of fire can vary widely between different oil palm management and needs further research to fully understand the long term and regional impacts of such slash-and-burn activity in tropical peatlands.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

El Niño driven haze over the Southern Malaysian Peninsula and Borneo

Khan MF, Hamid AH, Rahim HA, Maulud KNA, Latif MT, Nadzir MSM, et al.

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Aug 15;730:139091.

PMID: 32413602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139091

The Southeast Asian (SEA) region is no stranger to forest fires - the region has been suffering from severe air pollution (known locally as 'haze') as a result of these fires, for decades. The fires in SEA region are caused by a combination of natural (the El Niño weather pattern) and manmade (slash-and-burn and land clearing for plantations) factors. These fires cause the emissions of toxic aerosols and pollutants that can affect millions of people in the region. Thus, this study aims to identify the impact of the SEA haze on the Southern region of the Malaysian Peninsula and Borneo region of East Malaysia using the entire air quality observation data at surface level in 2015. Overall, the concentration of PM10 was about two-fold higher during the haze period compared to non-haze period. The concentrations of CO, flux of CO and flux of BC were aligned with PM10 during the entire observation period. The wind field and cluster of trajectory indicated that the Southern Malaysian Peninsula and Borneo were influenced mainly from the wildfires and the combustion of peat soil in the Indonesian Borneo. This study finds that wildfires from Borneo impacted the Southern Malaysian Borneo more seriously than that from Sumatra region.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

Fulltext Endoscopic treatment of glottic stenosis secondary to caustic injury with silastic keel placement: a case report

Balachandran R, Rahmat O

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Jun;66(2):152-3.

PMID: 22106701

The use of an endoscopic approach for the division of glottic webs or stenosis has been reported in the literature and has been mainly confined to the anterior commisure. We report a rare case of caustic injury to the upper aerodigestive tract that resulted in extensive web formation along the membranous vocal cord which was successfully treated with endoscopic lysis of the adhesions and the use of a silastic sheet keel as a stent.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns, Inhalation/complications*; Burns, Inhalation/pathology; Burns, Inhalation/therapy

Use of dermal regeneration template (INTEGRA) in reconstructive burn surgery

Sasidaran R, Dorai AA, Sulaiman WA, Halim AS

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:29.

PMID: 19024967

We present our two year experience with a dermal regeneration template (INTEGRA) in burn reconstructive surgery for contracture release as well as a reconstructive tool for management of soft tissue loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/surgery*

Usage of allogeneic single layered tissue engineered skin enhance wound treatment in sheep

Adha PR, Chua KH, Mazlyzam AL, Low KC, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:30-1.

PMID: 19024968

A major factor limiting survival following extensive thermal injury is insufficient availability of donor sites to provide enough skin for the required grafting procedures. Limitation of autologous grafting promotes the usage of allograft skin substitutes to promote wound healing. Here, we investigated the wound healing potential of allograft single layered tissue engineered skin which comprises of either keratinocytes (SLTES-K) or fibroblast (SLTES-F) with fibrin as the delivery system. Results from gross and microscopic evaluation showed our single layered tissue engineered skin constructed with keratinocytes or fibroblast after gamma radiation with the dosage of 2Gy could serve as allograft for the treatment of skin loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/surgery*

Cultured epidermal autografts in combination with MEEK Micrografting technique in the treatment of major burn injuries

Dorai AA, Lim CK, Fareha AC, Halim AS

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:44.

PMID: 19024976

The treatment of major burn injuries are a formidable challenge to the burn surgeon. Early aggressive surgery for deep to full thickness burn injuries is vital in the prevention of infection. The ultimate goal in major burn injuries is to prevent the onset of multi-resistant organisms and achieve early wound cover. The field of tissue engineering can help to expedite the healing of these burn wounds. The development of keratinocyte culture delivery system can be used clinically to fasten the healing process and save many lives.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/complications; Burns/surgery*

The effects of age on monolayer culture of human keratinocytes for future use in skin engineering

Muhd Fakhruddin BH, Aminuddin BS, Mazlyzam AL, Ruszymah BH

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:182-3.

PMID: 15468878

Skin is the largest organ in human system and plays a vital role as a barrier against environment and pathogens. Skin regeneration is important in tissue engineering especially in cases of chronic wounds. With the tissue engineering technology, these skins equivalent have been use clinically to repair burns and wounds. Consented redundant skin samples were obtained from patients aged 9 to 65 years old. Skin samples were digested with dispase, thus separating the epidermis and the dermis layer. The epidermis layer was trypsinized and cultured in DKSFM in 6-well plate at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2. Once confluent, the culture were trypsinized and the cells were pooled. Cells were counted using haemacytometer. Doubling time and viability were calculated and analysed. From the result, we conclude that doubling time and viability of in vitro keratinocytes cultured in DKSFM media is not age dependant.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/physiopathology; Burns/therapy*

Characterization of collagen/chitosan films for skin regenerating scaffold

Ismarul IN, Ishak Y, Ismail Z, Mohd Shalihuddin WM

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:57-8.

PMID: 15468817

Various proportions of chitosan/collagen films (70/30% to 95/05%) w/w were prepared and evaluated for its suitability as skin regenerating scaffold. Interactions between chitosan and collagen were studied using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of the blend. Mechanical properties were evaluated using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The chitosan/collagen films were found to swell proportionally with time until it reaches equilibrium. FTIR spectroscopy indicated no chemical interaction between the components of the blends. DSC data indicated only one peak proving that these two materials are compatible at all proportions investigated. SEM micrographs also indicated good homogeneity between these two materials.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/physiopathology; Burns/therapy*

Fulltext A review of burns patients admitted to the Burns Unit of Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Chan KY, Hairol O, Imtiaz H, Zailani M, Kumar S, Somasundaram S, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57(4):418-25.

PMID: 12733166

This is a retrospective review of 110 patients admitted to the Burns Units between October 1999 and November 2001. The aim was to determine the burns pattern of patients admitted to hospital UKM. There was an increasing trend for patients admitted. Female to male ratio was 1:2. Children consisted 34% of the total admission. Children had significant higher number of scald burns as compare to adult (p < 0.01). Domestic burns were consist of 75% overall admission. Mean percentage of TBSA (total body surface area) burns was 19%. Thirty percent of patients sustained more than 20% of TBSA. Sixty percent of patients had scald burns. Ninety percents of patients with second degree burns that were treated with biologic membrane dressing or split skin graft. Mean duration of hospital stay was 10 days. Over 70% of patients were discharged within 15 days. Overall mortality rate was 6.3%. The patients who died had significantly larger area of burns of more than 20% TBSA (p < 0.05) and a higher incidence of inhalation injury (p < 0.02). Hence, this study suggests a need for better preventive measures by the authority to prevent burns related accident and the expansion of the service provided by the Burns Unit.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/epidemiology*

Fulltext Baby walker associated scalding injuries seen at University Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Sendut IH, Tan KK, Rivara F

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):192-3.

PMID: 7565196

Baby walker associated injuries are occurring in Malaysia. Most are not noticed as paediatricians are more concerned with the treatment of the injury and forget the preventive measures required to overcome this problem. We believe that baby walkers should be banned in Malaysia as the risks of injury far outweighs any benefits. We present 4 cases of baby walker associated scalding injuries.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/etiology*

Fulltext Burns in the Malaysian population: two years of burns admissions for burns at the general hospital, Kuala Lumpur

Ghani AN, Ibrahim SH

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Dec;42(4):238-41.

PMID: 3454395

One hundred and seventy five patients treated for burns during 1983 and 1984 were reviewed. The majority of these patients were below eight years of age. These injuries were mainly sustained at home (83.4%) and were usually caused by hot liquids (41.7%). The infection rate was 57.1% and many developed septicaemia (21.7%). Mortality in patients sustaining burns involving greater than 30% of the body surface area was high at 52%.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns/epidemiology*; Burns/pathology

Fulltext Corrosive oesophageal stricture in Malaysian adults

Krishnan MMS, Tan KC

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):325-6.

PMID: 6599992

M. M. Sudhakar Krishnan, MS, FRCS (Edin & Glasg).
Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Burns, Chemical/complications*

A life saved at the cost of hand injury - A case of hand burn due to airbag deployment

Fadzullah NA, Kasthuri S, Basiron N

Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):452-453.

PMID: 31649230

According to the Malaysian Department of Statistics motor vehicle accidents are the third leading cause of death in Malaysia and accounts for 7.4% of premature deaths in 2016. With the invention of the airbag, the number of serious injuries and fatalities have been reduced significantly. However, there has also been a corresponding increase in the number of injuries attributable to these devices. The patient narrated in this case report sustained a mixed dermal thickness burn over the upper limb as a result of an airbag deployment. She recovered without other life threatening injuries.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

Cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) and penetrating keratoplasty in long-standing severe ocular surface injury

Lim IH, Alias R, Umapathy T, Samsudin A

Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):433-435.

PMID: 31649222

Ocular chemical injury is a true ophthalmic emergency requiring immediate medical intervention. Damages can be devastating and potentially resulting in blindness, corneal perforation and phthisis bulbi. We describe here a successful treatment outcome in a patient who sustained Roper-Hall Grade 4 injury to both eyes. Patient received medical therapy followed by serial ocular surgeries with eventual visual recovery in one eye from counting finger to 6/15 after a decade. In conclusion, after maximum medical therapy, a carefully planned serial surgeries of cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation (COMET) and PK has proven beneficial for this patient with advanced limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD).

Matched MeSH terms: Burns, Chemical

A survey of ocular injuries at the University Hospital

Chandran S, Eu-Sen VO

Med J Malaya, 1971 Jun;25(4):278-81.

PMID: 4261300

Matched MeSH terms: Eye Burns/epidemiology

Oesophageal replacement with colon in corrosive stricture

Wai NC

Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):49-57.

PMID: 4243844

Matched MeSH terms: Burns, Chemical*

Fulltext Clinical experience of medical students at University Sains Malaysia

Quah BS, Malik AS, Simpson H

Malays J Med Sci, 2000 Jan;7(1):27-32.

PMID: 22844212 MyJurnal

Experience of acute medical, surgical conditions, and clinical procedures of undergraduate students were assessed via a questionnaire survey during the final week of the 1993/1998 programme at the School of Medical Sciences, Univestiti Sains Malaysia. Individual performances were assessed by a scoring system. One hundred and twenty four students responded, (response rate 97%). More than 90% had seen myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, pneumonia, respiratory distress, gastroenteritis, coma, and snake bite. Less than 33% had witnessed acute psychosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, acute hepatic failure, status epilepticus, near drowning, hypertensive encephalopathy, acute haemolysis or child abuse.Acute surgical/obstetrics cases, seen by >90% students, included fracture of long bones, head injury, acute abdominal pain, malpresentation and foetal distress. Less than 33% had observed epistaxis, sudden loss of vision, peritonitis or burns. Among operations only herniorrhaphy, Caesarian section, internal fixation of fracture and cataract extraction were seen by >80% students. The main deficits in clinical procedures are in rectal and vaginal examinations, urine collection and microscopic examinations. The performance of individual students, assessed by a scoring system, showed 15 students had unacceptably low scores (<149/230, 50%), 37 had good scores (>181.4/230, 70%) and 5 had superior scores (197.6/230, 80%).

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

Fulltext Cocktail Protocol for Preparation of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Glue for Autologous Use

Chenna D, Shastry S, Das S

Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Feb;28(1):35-40.

PMID: 33679218 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.5

Background: Biomaterials containing platelets have been used to promote healing of ulcers and burns, as well as in implantology and maxillofacial and plastic surgery to achieve wound healing and tissue repair. Commercial devices to prepare autologous biomaterials involve diverse preparation methods that can have high production costs and low yields. Hence, we designed a protocol for preparation of large amounts of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) glue using conventional processing techniques for blood components.

Methods: Autologous whole blood collected 72 h before surgery was processed to prepare platelet concentrates and cryoprecipitate. In a closed system, calcium was added to the cryoprecipitate to release autologous thrombin and generate a firm fibrin clot. The fibrin clot, platelets and calcium were then placed in a conical flask in which a PRF glue formed. The protocol was validated through determination of pre- and post-platelet counts and fibrinogen amounts in the product.

Results: Platelets were recovered with 68% efficiency during the preparation. Essentially no platelets or fibrinogen were found in the supernatant of the PRF glue, suggesting that nearly all had been incorporated in a PRF glue having a relatively large (8 cm × 10 cm) size.

Conclusion: The protocol described here is a cost-effective, simple and closed system that can be used to produce large-size PRF glue to promote repair of major surgical defects.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

Uniocular blindness following thermal injury

Ayanniyi AA, Fasasi MK

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jan;20(1):88-91.

PMID: 23613660

A hot water burn is a thermal injury that results in cell death. Thermal eye injury triggers inflammatory processes, including inflammatory cell influx and/or the activation of various inflammatory cells, which result in the rapid accumulation of extravascular fluid in the ocular tissue. The ocular effect depends on the temperature of the water, and the final visual outcome depends on the severity of the damage to the intraocular structures. We report a 23-year-old woman who experienced a facial hot water burn that resulted in blindness. The patient presented late to the hospital after the unsuccessful use of traditional medication. Facial burns are a known cause of blindness. Public health education on prompt hospital presentation, and resistance to the use of potentially harmful traditional medicine in facial burns is suggested.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

Fulltext Review of the medicinal effects of tualang honey and a comparison with manuka honey

Ahmed S, Othman NH

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 May;20(3):6-13.

PMID: 23966819 MyJurnal

Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian multifloral jungle honey. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of studies published in medical databases regarding its potential health benefits. The honey is produced by the rock bee (Apis dorsata), which builds hives on branches of tall Tualang trees located mainly in the north-western region of Peninsular Malaysia. This review collates the results of the various studies of TH that range from research on tissue culture to randomised control clinical trials. Findings thus far show that, TH has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimutagenic, antitumor, and antidiabetic properties, in addition to wound-healing attributes. Some of its properties are similar to the well-researched Manuka honey (New Zealand and/or Australian monofloral honey). Distinct differences include higher phenolics, flavonoids, and 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF). Compared with Manuka honey, TH is also more effective against some gram-negative bacterial strains in burn wounds.

Matched MeSH terms: Burns

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