MyMedR

Loss of weight in a female heavy smoker with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

Al-Adsani A, Dahniya MH, Al-Adsani N

Postgrad Med J, 2001 Feb;77(904):127, 137-8.

PMID: 11161092

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology*

Carcinoma of the tongue in Malaysians

Ramanathan K, Ganesan TJ, Raghavan KV

Mod Med Asia, 1978 Jul;14(7):56-8.

PMID: 683170

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

A case-control study of cervix cancer in Singapore

Cuzick J, De Stavola B, McCance D, Ho TH, Tan G, Cheng H, et al.

Br. J. Cancer, 1989 Aug;60(2):238-43.

PMID: 2548559

Cervix cancer is about twice as common in Asia as in the Western world and its incidence varies among different Asian ethnic groups. A study based in Singapore, the population of which comprises Chinese, Indians and Malaysians, offers the opportunity to evaluate whether the same risk factors are important in this part of the world as in the West. A total of 135 cases and an equal number of controls were interviewed and details concerning reproductive and sexual history, smoking, hygiene, socio-economic status and education were collected. Seventy-three cases had invasive cancer while 62 had micro-invasive disease or CIN III. The most important risk factors were parity and number of sexual partners. Smoking was rare in cases and controls and did not appear to be an important determinant of risk. Of the socio-economic factors, education appeared most predictive and lowered the risk. Age at first intercourse was strongly correlated with education (positively) and parity (negatively), but not with number of sexual partners. Biopsies were available for HPV DNA analysis in 38 cases and 37% were positive, mostly for HPV type 16. All these factors gave similar risks in invasive and preinvasive disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology*

Fulltext Risk factors associated with the mortality rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: A 10-year retrospective study

Ahmad P, Nawaz R, Qurban M, Shaikh GM, Mohamed RN, Nagarajappa AK, et al.

Medicine (Baltimore), 2021 Sep 10;100(36):e27127.

PMID: 34516504 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027127

In Malaysia, oral cancer is very common and the reported 5-year survival of such patients is nearly 50% after treatment with surgery and radiotherapy, much lower than most of the developed countries. This study aimed to investigate the socio-demographic and clinicopathological parameters that influence the mortality rate of the patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the Kelantanse population.In this retrospective study, data regarding socio-demographic, clinicopathological factors, and treatment outcome associated with OSCC were gathered from the archives of the medical records office of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. For statistical analysis, simple and multiple logistic regression were performed. The significance level was set to P

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity: current practice and future directions in the clinic and laboratory

Dionne KR, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain RB, Cheong SC

Int J Cancer, 2015 Feb 1;136(3):503-15.

PMID: 24482244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28754

Despite commendable progress in the prevention, detection, and treatment of a wide variety of solid tumor types, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant health burden across the globe. OSCC carcinogenesis involves accumulation of genetic alterations that coincide with the multistep malignant transformation of normal oral epithelium. OSCC is often first diagnosed at late stages of the disease (advanced regional disease and/or metastasis). Delayed diagnosis precludes successful treatment and favorable outcomes. In clinical practice, opportunities exist to identify patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which precede the development of cancer. This review addresses the current status of laboratory and clinical research on OPMDs, with emphasis on leukoplakia and erythroplakia. OSF is also presented, though there is a paucity of published studies on this disorder. We focus on findings that could translate into earlier diagnosis and more efficacious treatment of those lesions with significant malignant potential. We explore how markers of OPMD malignant transformation might be implemented into current diagnostic practice to help clinicians objectively stratify patients into treatment/follow-up groups according to relative risk. We provide an overview of recently concluded and ongoing OPMD chemoprevention trials. We describe laboratory OPMD models that can be used to not only to reveal the genetic and molecular intricacies of oral cancer but also to develop novel screening methods and therapeutic approaches. Finally, we call for targeted screening programs of at-risk populations in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of OPMD and early OSCC.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext Marjolin's ulcer--a near forgotten entity

Tan BC, Horton TC, Sara Ahmad T

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:91-3.

PMID: 17042239

We report a case of a 55-year-old man who presented with a 6-month history of a fungating ulcer on the right hand at the site of a previously healed ulcer that had been present for 40 years. Histopathological examination of four-quadrant biopsy specimens showed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A transradiocarpal amputation with stump closure using radial flap was performed as it was not possible to achieve a functionally and cosmetically acceptable hand after a wide excision with 2 cm tumour-free margin. It is our intention to highlight this rare condition as reminder to consider this entity as a differential diagnosis of chronic non-healing skin ulcer.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext Salted fish and inhalants as risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Malaysian Chinese

Armstrong RW, Armstrong MJ, Yu MC, Henderson BE

Cancer Res, 1983 Jun;43(6):2967-70.

PMID: 6850606

We conducted a case-control study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma among Malaysian Chinese to test inhalants, salted fish consumption, and use of tobacco, alcohol, and nasal ointments as risk factors for the disease. Interviews with 100 cases and 100 controls indicated that salted fish consumption during childhood was a significant risk factor (relative risk, 3.0; p = 0.04); childhood daily consumption of this food item compared to nonconsumption carried a relative risk of 17.4 [95% confidence interval = (2.7, 111.1)]. Occupational exposure to smokes (relative risk, 6.0; p = 0.006) and to dusts (relative risk, 4.0; p less than 0.001) was also significantly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The two risk factors (consumption of salted fish and exposure to smoke and/or dust) were independent of each other. There was no association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and tobacco, alcohol, or nasal ointments.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext Lung cancer in Kelantan

Yaacob I, Ahmad Z, Harun Z

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):220-4.

PMID: 1966930

A review of 119 patients (88 males and 31 females) with carcinoma of the lung seen at the Hospital University Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 1984 to 1989 was done. The mean age of the patients was 60.3 years with a high proportion (76.6%) of them were between 41 and 70 years. Seventy five percent of patients (84% of men and 26% of women) were smokers. The Chinese have a significantly higher preponderance to carcinoma of the lung. The commonest histological type found was squamous cell carcinoma in men and adenocarcinoma in women. Small cell carcinoma was uncommon. Squamous cell and large cell/undifferentiated type of carcinoma were significantly associated with smoking behaviour of the patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Clinicopathological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx in young patients

Martinez RC, Sathasivam HP, Cosway B, Paleri V, Fellows S, Adams J, et al.

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2018 May;56(4):332-337.

PMID: 29628167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.03.011

Our aim was to examine the clinicopathological features of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and oropharynx in a group of young patients who were dignosed during a 15-year period (2000-2014). Patients' clinical details, risk factors, and survival were obtained from medical records. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, tissue was tested for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). The results were compared with those of a matching group of older patients. We identified 91 patients who were younger than 45 years old, and the 50 youngest patients were studied in detail. The male:female ratio was 2:1, with more tumours located in the oral cavity than in the oropharynx (35 compared with 15). HPV-related SCC was restricted to the oropharynx. When matched for site, stage and HPV status, five-year overall survival was similar in young and matched older patients (log-rank test, p=0.515). Our findings suggest that young patients with oral SCC have a disease profile similar to that of older patients with the condition. It is plausible that prognostic information generally available for oral cancers is applicable to young patients with the disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext Palm oil thorn-induced squamous cell carcinoma with underlying burns scar

Qi Qi C, Ajit Singh V

BMJ Case Rep, 2012;2012.

PMID: 22865804 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006401

Marjolin's ulcers are malignancies that arise from previously traumatised, chronically inflamed or scarred skin. We present a case with childhood burns, who had repeated irritation of his forearm skin with palm oil thorns that eventually led to malignant change.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology*

Exophytic oral verrucous hyperplasia: a new entity

Patil S, Warnakulasuriya S, Raj T, Sanketh DS, Rao RS

J Investig Clin Dent, 2016 Nov;7(4):417-423.

PMID: 26075572 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12166

OBJECTIVE: Exophytic oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) is a new entity described by an expert working group from South Asia. First reported in Taiwan, there are no reports so far from an Indian population. The aim was to use the microscopic features described by the expert group to differentiate OVH from other oral verruco-papillary lesions in an Indian archive.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective multicentre study, using pathology archives, 188 verruco-papillary lesions were retrieved from pathology archives. A proforma listing histopathological criteria for OVH based on published guidelines (Annals of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 2013) was used. Patients' demographic and clinical data were transcribed from patient charts. The Pearson chi-square test was used to determine associations between clinical and histopathological features.

RESULTS: Of 188 oral verruco-papillary lesions that were evaluated, based on microscopic features the cases were reclassified as OVH (57), verrucous carcinoma (VC) (84), oral squamous cell carcinoma (16), and other verruco-papillary lesions (31). Both OVH (70%) and VC (60%) showed male predominance and commonly affected buccal mucosa (OVH 74% and VC 57%). Absence of downward growth of the hyperplastic epithelium into lamina propria when compared with the level of the basement membrane of the adjacent normal epithelium was a distinct feature in OVH. Keratin plugging, epithelial dysplasia and subepithelial lymphocytic infiltration were found to be significantly different (P carcinoma. We propose OVH is a distinct entity in our Indian population and should be considered in the classification of oral potentially malignant disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

HPV infection and the alterations of the pRB pathway in oral carcinogenesis

Lim KP, Hamid S, Lau SH, Teo SH, Cheong SC

Oncol Rep, 2007 Jun;17(6):1321-6.

PMID: 17487385 DOI: 10.3892/or.17.6.1321

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma (pRB) pathway is a common event in oral squamous cell carcinoma particularly through the aberrant expression of the components within this pathway. This study examines the alterations of molecules within the pRB pathway by looking at the presence of homozygous deletions in p16(INK4A) and the expression patterns of pRB, cyclin D1 and CDK4, as well as the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in our samples. In our study, 5/20 samples demonstrated deletions of p16(INK4A) exon 1alpha. pRB overexpression was found in 20/20 samples, the expression was mainly observed in all layers of the epithelia, particularly in the basal layer where cells are actively dividing and aberrant pRB expression was found in 12/20 samples. Cyclin D1 and CDK4 overexpression was detected in 6/20 and 2/20 samples respectively in comparison to hyperplasias where both proteins were either not expressed or expressed at minimal levels (<10%). Strikingly, HPV was found to be present in all of our samples, suggesting that HPV plays a significant role in driving oral carcinogenesis. Notably, 17/20 of our samples showed more than one alteration in the pRB pathway, however, we did not find any significant relationship between the presence of HPV, homozygous deletion of p16(INK4A) and overexpression of pRB, cyclin D1 and CDK4. Collectively, this data demonstrates that alterations in the pRB pathway are a common event and involve the aberration of more than one molecule within the pathway. Furthermore, the involvement of HPV in all our samples suggests that HPV infection may play an important role in oral carcinogenesis.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology*

Lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years in a multiracial Asian country

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM

Respirology, 2000 Dec;5(4):355-61.

PMID: 11192546

This study aimed to determine whether the clinicopathological features of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years differ from that of older patients in an Asian country.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

Fulltext The known unknowns of HPV natural history

Gravitt PE

J Clin Invest, 2011 Dec;121(12):4593-9.

PMID: 22133884 DOI: 10.1172/JCI57149

The discovery that certain high-risk strains of human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) cause nearly 100% of invasive cervical cancer has spurred a revolution in cervical cancer prevention by promoting the development of viral vaccines. Although the efficacy of these vaccines has already been demonstrated, a complete understanding of viral latency and natural immunity is lacking, and solving these mysteries could help guide policies of cervical cancer screening and vaccine use. Here, we examine the epidemiological and biological understanding of the natural history of HPV infection, with an eye toward using these studies to guide the implementation of cervical cancer prevention strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology

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