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Fulltext Exploring the link between human papilloma virus and oral and oropharyngeal cancers

Khode SR, Dwivedi RC, Rhys-Evans P, Kazi R

J Cancer Res Ther, 2014 Jul-Sep;10(3):492-8.
PMID: 25313727 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.138213

Squamous cell carcinoma involving the oral cavity (OC) and oropharynx regions are a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. The recent discovery of a strong association between human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and OC and oropharyngeal (OP) cancer has prompted world-wide research into the exact etiology and pathogenesis of these cancers in relation to the HPV. HPV-positive OC/OP cancers generally present at a relatively advanced stage (by virtue of cervical nodal involvement) and are more commonly seen in younger patients without significant exposure to alcohol or tobacco. These factors are implicated in prognosis, regardless of HPV association. In this article, we review the biology and epidemiology, risk factors, association, molecular analyses, treatment response and prognosis of HPV-related cancers. Role of HPV vaccination in HPV-related OC/OP cancers has also been discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
The feasibility of using Patients Concerns Inventory (PCI) in managing Malaysian oral cancer patients

Hatta JM, Doss JG, Rogers SN

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2014 Feb;43(2):147-55.
PMID: 24074487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.08.006

The feasibility of using the Patients Concerns Inventory (PCI) to identify oral cancer patient concerns during consultation in oral and maxillofacial specialist clinics in Malaysia was assessed. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a consecutive clinical sampling technique of all new and follow-up oral cancer patients. Surgeons and counter staff were also recruited. Two-thirds of patients were elderly, 63.9% female, 55.6% Indian, 63.9% of lower-level education, and half had the lowest level household income. Patient status was mostly post-treatment (87.5%) and most were at cancer stage III/IV (63.9%); 59.7% had surgery. Patients took an average 5.9 min (95% CI 5.1-6.7 min) to complete the PCI. Physical domain appeared highest (94.4%); social/family relationship issues (4.2%) were lowest. Significant associations included patient age-personal function (P=0.02); patient education level-emotional status (P=0.05) and social/family relationship issues (P=0.04), and patient TNM staging-personal function (P=0.03). The patients' mean feasibility score for the PCI was 5.3 (95% CI 5.1-5.5) out of 6. Patients (93.1%) and surgeons (90%) found the PCI to be feasible. Only 57.1% of counter staff agreed on the use of the PCI during patient registration. Overall, the PCI was considered feasible, thus favouring its future use in routine oral cancer patient management.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
Fulltext Antiproliferative effect of Tualang honey on oral squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma cell lines

Ghashm AA, Othman NH, Khattak MN, Ismail NM, Saini R

BMC Complement Altern Med, 2010;10:49.
PMID: 20840769 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-49

The treatment of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and human osteosarcoma (HOS) includes surgery and/or radiotherapy which often lead to reduced quality of life. This study was aimed to study the antiproliferative activity of local honey (Tualang) on OSCC and HOS cell lines.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy*
Fulltext Anaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth - a report on 100 consecutive cases

Ramanathan K, Ng KH, Ramanathan J, Chelvanayagam PI

Med J Malaysia, 1981 Sep;36(3):174-6.
PMID: 7329375

Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest malignant tumour of the mouth (91 percent) in people living in Peninsular Malaysia. Since the histological grading of oral carcinoma ·is one of the several important factors to be considered in the long term survival of patients a more detailed study of anaplastic carcinoma of the mouth in 100 patients is made in this study. As reported in an earlier study the Chinese seem to be more prone to develop anaplastic carcinoma of the mouth. In contrast although oral carcinoma occurs most commonly in the Indians, the development of anaplastic carcinoma seems to be the least in them. The Indians seem to have a better host immune response to oral carcinoma than the Chinese and the Malays occupy an intermediary position. The peak age incidence was between 51-70 years (50 percent). In descending order of frequency anaplastic carcinoma involved the gingiva (29 percent), buccal mucosa (22 percent), palate (20 percent), and tongue (16 percent). Further studies may help to formulate a more effective tailor-made regime of treatment for each individual oral carcinoma patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
Biopsy techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of mouth diseases and tumours

Ramanathan K

Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):28-31.
PMID: 542146
Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
Treatment resistance in potentially malignant disorders-'Nature' or 'Nurture'…?

Thomson PJ, Goodson ML, Smith DR

J Oral Pathol Med, 2017 Nov;46(10):902-910.
PMID: 28891106 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12641

BACKGROUND: Contemporary potentially malignant disorder management is based upon provisional histological diagnosis followed by interventional surgery to excise or ablate 'high-risk' mucosal lesions. Although the majority of patients achieve disease-free status post-treatment, others develop further or persistent disease unresponsive to intervention.
METHODS: A detailed, retrospective clinico-pathological review of treatment resistant potentially malignant lesions, from a 590 patient cohort treated by CO2 laser surgery and followed for a mean of 7.3 years, was undertaken. Clinical outcome was determined at study census date (31 December 2014).
RESULTS: A total of 87 patients (15%) exhibited PMD disease resistant to treatment: 34 (6%) became disease free following further treatment, whilst 53 (9%) had persistent disease despite intervention. Disease-free patients were younger, changed lesion appearance from erythroleukoplakia to leukoplakia (P = .004), developed further lesions at new sites, demonstrated reduction in dysplasia severity with time and required multiple treatments to achieve disease-free status (P = .0005). In contrast, persistent disease patients were older, male, often presented with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) on gingival and alveolar sites, displayed less severe dysplasia initially and underwent laser ablation rather than excision (P = .027).
CONCLUSION: Despite clinico-pathological profiling of treatment resistant patients, the precise inter-relationship between the inherent nature of potentially malignant disease and the external influence of treatment intervention remains obscure.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
Fulltext Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity: current practice and future directions in the clinic and laboratory

Dionne KR, Warnakulasuriya S, Zain RB, Cheong SC

Int J Cancer, 2015 Feb 1;136(3):503-15.
PMID: 24482244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28754

Despite commendable progress in the prevention, detection, and treatment of a wide variety of solid tumor types, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant health burden across the globe. OSCC carcinogenesis involves accumulation of genetic alterations that coincide with the multistep malignant transformation of normal oral epithelium. OSCC is often first diagnosed at late stages of the disease (advanced regional disease and/or metastasis). Delayed diagnosis precludes successful treatment and favorable outcomes. In clinical practice, opportunities exist to identify patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which precede the development of cancer. This review addresses the current status of laboratory and clinical research on OPMDs, with emphasis on leukoplakia and erythroplakia. OSF is also presented, though there is a paucity of published studies on this disorder. We focus on findings that could translate into earlier diagnosis and more efficacious treatment of those lesions with significant malignant potential. We explore how markers of OPMD malignant transformation might be implemented into current diagnostic practice to help clinicians objectively stratify patients into treatment/follow-up groups according to relative risk. We provide an overview of recently concluded and ongoing OPMD chemoprevention trials. We describe laboratory OPMD models that can be used to not only to reveal the genetic and molecular intricacies of oral cancer but also to develop novel screening methods and therapeutic approaches. Finally, we call for targeted screening programs of at-risk populations in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of OPMD and early OSCC.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy*
Fulltext Cutaneous metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Poovaneswaran S, Paleri V, Charlton F, Dobrowsky W, Kelly C

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Aug;67(4):430-2.
PMID: 23082459 MyJurnal

The presence of cutaneous metastases in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) is rare and associated with a dismal prognosis. It is vital to distinguish these lesions from direct invasion of the skin by SCCHN or primary cutaneous malignancies as the prognosis is vastly different and so is the management. In this case report, we present four cases of cutaneous metastases and also briefly review the literature pertaining to this phenomenon.

Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/therapy