Three cases of myelosclerosis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus are described. The probable role of systemic lupus erythematosus in the initiation of myelonecrosis and subsequent myelosclerosis is discussed.
Pyknodysostosis is a rare sclerosing bone disorder with autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. The condition is characterized by continuous bone deposition without physiological resorption, occurring mainly in the trabecular and not the cortical bone. The skeletal features include short stature, brachycephaly, open cranial sutures and fontanelles, diffuse osteosclerosis and obtuse mandibular angles. Among the oral features observed were grooved or furrowed palate and disturbances in eruption and exfoliation of teeth. Multiple fractures of long bones and osteomyelitis of the jaw are frequent complications. These are attributed to the increased brittleness and reduced vascularity of the bone as a result of continuous endosteal bone deposition. Treatment is usually successful with surgical management and sustained bactericidal antibiotic therapy, although hyperbaric oxygen has been recommended as adjunct treatment in the more refractory form.
This report presents two cases of idiopathic osteosclerosis involving the maxilla and mandible which were identified as a buccally impacted canine and a retained root, respectively, on clinical and plain radiographical examinations. Both patients were females who presented with hypodontia. Radiographic evaluation revealed solitary well-defined radiopaque masses with thickened cortical border. Both patients were undergoing orthodontic treatment and one was planned for a surgical traction of unerupted tooth prior to cone-beam CT assessment. In this report, we reviewed the clinical findings and explained the radiographic appearance of idiopathic osteosclerosis through plain radiographs and cone-beam CT to facilitate its identification among general dentists and oral and maxillofacial radiologists.
Fraternal twins of Malay descent had the Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. This is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by photosensitivity, poikiloderma, short stature, skeletal defects, and juvenile cataracts. This is the first case report of the syndrome from southeast Asia.
A 60-year-old Chinese lady presented with a left flank mass and weight loss. Plain films showed a sclerotic L1 vertebral body, osteopenic L2 and L3 vertebral bodies and loss of left psoas outline. However initially unrevealed history of previous carcinoma of the cervix caused confusion as to the aetiology of a sclerotic vertebral body associated with an left flank collection. Psoas abscess with adjacent bony osteomyelitis was initially suspected. The left flank mass turned out to be an infected necrotic large metastatic lymph node compressing the lower pole of the left kidney. The sclerotic and osteopenic vertebral bodies represented an unusual presentation of bony cervical carcinoma metastases.