A case of denture hyperplasia of the upper labial sulcus with concomitant oncocytic metaplastic changes is described. The patient concerned is an elderly male wearing an ill-fitting upper full denture.
Spindle-cell lipoma (SCL) of the oral cavity is very rare. There are only four such reported cases in the literature. A concise literature review of SCL and a case report of a SCL affecting the cheek and lip of a 23-year-old man is presented.
Leiomyomas are benign neoplasms of smooth muscle origin. They represent rare entities in the oral cavity. A case arising from the incisive papilla region of a 3-month-old infant is described and the histogenesis as well as the biologic potential of this tumor are discussed.
A case is described in which a compound odontoma erupted into the oral cavity in an 8 1/2-year-old girl. The odontoma was initially discovered as a chance radiographic finding 2 years 8 months previously.
The clinical and histologic features of Kimura's disease are briefly outlined. A case presenting as a subcutaneous nodule in the region of the angle of the right mandible of a 20-year-old male is presented. The relationship of this disease to angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is discussed.
Desmoid tumor of the mandible, or desmoplastic fibroma, is a rare disease with only a few cases reported in the literature. This paper presents the rare case of an elderly male with desmoplastic fibroma of the mandible with an uncommon accompanying proliferative myositis. The case is discussed with emphasis on the clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and treatment of this lesion.
Natural products have demonstrated various activities beneficial to general health. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) has been reported in many studies for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, flaxseed extracts have skin wound healing activity and potential for treating oral ulcers.L. usitatissimum was extracted using 70% ethanol via soxhlet method and gas chromatography mass spectrum (GC-MS) was used to analyze the components of L. usitatissimum extract. The crude flaxseed oil were applied to human oral fibroblasts (HOrF), and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess the cell viability after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Scratched HOrF cells were treated with crude flaxseed oil and healing was monitored per wound healing assay. GC-MS indicate that the major components present in L. usitatissimum oil extract are linolic, palmitic and oleic acid. L. usitatissimum crude oil extract showed high proliferation effect on HOrF cells at 24 and 48 hours, while the highest proliferation effect was recorded at 72 hours post-treatment. The wound healing assay results showed that healing activity of HOrF cells occurred as soon as 18 hours post-treatment when treated with L. usitatissimum crude oil extract. L. usitatissimum crude oil extract has proliferating and healing effects on HOrF cell line. Therefore, it can be considered as a potential promising oral wound healing agent.
Dental quackery has been a problem for decades and is becoming a major concern in many countries, including Malaysia. Recent development of a new service offered by quacks in Malaysia is “fake braces”, which alarmed dental professionals. The fake braces appear similar to the professionally fitted orthodontic appliances comprising of archwires that are secured on brackets by coloured ligatures except they are fitted by unqualified individuals who have no formal clinical training. In addition, the orthodontic materials and dental equipment used for this illegal service were substandard and unregulated. Therefore, such fitted appliances are harmful to the teeth and oral health. Efforts to record the extent of fake braces practice and its oral health consequences have been challenging as they are marketed through the social media, and the victims were either reluctant to come forward or did not know the appropriate channel to file a complaint to the health authority. This is an expert opinion paperwith theaimsto highlight typical presentation of fake braces, modus operandi of fake braces providers, the harmful effects of fake braces on the patient’s oral health, the role of social media advertising in promoting fake braces, and the impacts to the illegal providers.
This study compared the surface roughness of selected tooth coloured restorative materials that were polished according to manufacturers’ instructions and Sof-Lex. It also assessed the surface roughness of polished materials after thermocycling.Filtek Z350XT, Beautifil-Bulk Restorative and Cention N, were used in this study. A stainless steel mould (10mm diameter x 2mm height) was used to fabricate 75 cylindrical specimens: 15 Filtek Z350XT (FZ), 30 Beautifil-Bulk Restorative (BB) and 30 Cention N (CN). All 15 FZ specimens were polished with Sof-Lex. Fifteen BB and CN specimens were polished according to manufacturers’ instructions. The remaining fifteen BB and CN specimens were polished using Sof-Lex. All the specimens were subjected to thermocycling (1000 cycles). Surface roughness was assessed quantitatively with profilometry after specimen preparation (Mylar stage), polishingand thermocycling. Data were analysed using SPSS version 25.0 at α=0.05. When polished according to manufacturers’ instructions, BB had the lowest mean surface roughness (Ra) values (0.13±0.01μm) followed sequentially by CN (0.14±0.03μm) and FZ (0.15±0.02μm). The differences were not statistically significant. When polished with Sof-Lex, BB exhibited the smoothest surface (0.116±0.03μm) followed sequentially by and FZ (0.150±0.02μm) and CN (0.157±0.02μm). Thermocycling caused an increase in the Ra. The differences were statistically significant. All materials tested had Ra values below the threshold value of 0.2 μm at Mylar stage and after polishing with their recommended polishing system and Sof-Lex. Thermocycling produced rougher surfaces that did not exceed the threshold Ra value. Polishability was material dependent.
Pilomatrixoma is a relatively common benign tumour arising from the matrix and inner sheath of a normal hair follicle as well as hair cortex. It is usually presented as a superficial, solitary, firm mass which is asymptomatic and slowly growing. It accounts for about 0.2% of all routine skin specimens and may poses a diagnostic challenge as it may resemble other common benign lesions found in the head and neck region. We report a case of a 33-year old men presented to us with a pilomatrixoma of the right cheek, surgical management and histological findings.
To determine the number of cases that are at risk of poor stability in terms of arch width changes following fixed appliances treatment at the Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Kuala Lumpur. In a retrospective audit, 101 pre- and post-treatment lower study casts were selected from cases completed in the year 2015 at the Orthodontic Unit, Klinik Pergigian Cahaya Suria, Kuala Lumpur. Samples were measured using a universal caliper by a single calibrated operator. Samples was categorised as extraction or non-extraction types. Arch width changes was determined using paired T-test. The recommended limit was 0mm for inter-canine width, 2 mm for inter-first premolar width and 3mm for inter-second premolar and inter-molar width. Differences were considered “within limits”, if the changes were within the recommended limit ±0.25mm (for possible marginal measurement error) and “expanded”, if above the range for within limits. 42.6% were non-extraction while 57.4% were extraction cases. In the non-extraction group, 52.2% cases had expanded inter-canine widths, followed by inter-first and second premolars (27.9%) and interfirst molar (20.9%) widths. Arch width changes for the inter-first and second premolars and inter-molars widths were statistically significantly different (p<0.05) but bot clinically significant. In the extraction group, 67.2% had expanded inter-canine widths, followed by inter-first premolar (64.3%), inter-second premolar (9.1%) and inter-first molar (5.2%) widths. The inter-canine (M=1.43; SD=2.71, p<0.05) and inter-first premolar (M=2.87; SD=2.61, p<0.05) widths statistically and clinically significant expansion but the inter-second premolar and molar were significantly contracted (p<0.05). The number of cases with expanded arch widths was high regardless of the extraction type.
Keywords: Arch width expansion, stability
To assess the oral health behaviour and preventive dental care experiences of patients with special health
care needs (SHCN) who attended the Special Care Dental (SCD) Clinic at University of Malaya. Data
were collected from 31 patients using a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of questions
pertaining to their oral health behaviours and experiences on receiving preventive dental care (PDC).
For patients who were unable to answer due to existing health conditions, parents or primary caregivers
were approached as proxy. Descriptive analysis was conducted and reported based on percentages to
identify the oral health behaviour and PDC of the individuals. Majority brushed their teeth at least once a
day (84%), used fluoridated toothpaste (87%) and oral hygiene aids (58%). However, almost half of them
(48%) required assistance from parents or caregivers during tooth brushing and consumed sugary snacks
in between meals (58%). About 80% had received PDC where the type of care received was mainly oral
hygiene advice (77%). Slightly more than 80% preferred the one-to-one demonstration method during
PDC. Most gave positive evaluation on their PDC experience especially on items pertaining to the dentist’s
attitude. Whilst most of the SHCN patients in this study had positive perception on the PDC that they
received and practised good brushing behaviour, their dietary habits need to be improved. Thus, regular
preventive dental visit amongst SHCN patients is important for appropriate and comprehensive dental care
in maintaining oral health.
This report aimed to describe an effective biomechanics to control the upper incisors inclination during the
correction of gummy smile with bimaxillary proclinations. A 14-year-old female presented with a Class II
division I incisor relationship complicated with bimaxillary proclination on a Class 2 skeletal base. The lips
were incompetent, showing 7 mm of upper incisors at rest and 5mm maxillary gingival display on smiling
with normal upper lip length. Treatment involved extraction of all first permanent premolars followed by
upper and lower fixed appliances. Intrusion of the upper incisors with controlled labial crown torque was
accomplished with mini-implant anchorage placed bilaterally on the infrazygomatic crests with the retraction
forces above the centre of resistance using 0.019x0.025-in stainless steel archwire in 0.022-in slot. The
0.019x0.025-in stainless steel archwire in 0.022-in slot provided the vertical play to favour lingual crown
tipping despite having forces above the centre of resistance for concurrent anterior segment intrusion.
To evaluate patient’s subjective preferences to scaling with narrow probe-shaped EMS Perio Slim PS tips
compared to conventional tip based on pain perception using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Ten patients
were treated using a piezoelectric ultrasonic device (EMS) and two different scaler tips representing a
conventional scaler tip and a Perio Slim PS scaler tip in a split-mouth design. Pain was evaluated after 2
minutes scaling using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data obtained was analysed by SPSS version 19.0 using
Wilcoxon test. Pain assessment after treatment confirmed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) showed that
the Perio Slim PS scaler tip (maximum pain score: 4, minimum: 2) caused less pain than the conventional
scaler tip (maximum: 8, minimum: 3) (p-value = 0.007). Using Perio Slim PS scaler tip caused less pain and
discomfort during scaling treatment when compared with conventional scaler tip.
To assess the oral health behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and explore attitudes
and barriers in providing oral care by their parents. A cross-sectional, mixed method study design, which
comprised of quantitative and qualitative sections was conducted. The quantitative part assessed the oral
health behavior through a parent-proxy report questionnaire whilst the qualitative part assessed parents’
overall perspective on maintenance of oral health in children with ASD through an in-depth interview using
semi-structured questions. All children below the age of 16 who have been clinically diagnosed with ASD and
registered at the Pediatric Dental Clinic were included. The sample consisted of twenty children with ASD.
Most of the sample were male and between 5-8 years old. Majority had good oral health behaviors but some
exhibited self-injurious behaviors that may affect oral health. Severe characteristics of ASD, co-morbid
conditions and incompetent health professionals were reported as barriers in oral care by parents of these
children. Despite having good oral health behaviors, several barriers and challenges were expressed by these
parents with ASD when providing home oral care or bringing them for dental appointment. Continuous
support for parents with ASD child by dental professionals is essential to help overcome the real challenges
and barriers in providing oral care among these parents.
Acrylic resin is commonly used to fabricate removable prostheses due to its adequate physical, mechanical
properties and cost effectiveness. There has been continuous development of the materials to improve their
properties and to widen their applications in different clinical settings. This study aimed to provide a
historical development of the acrylic resin and elaborate on the properties of different types and the
processing methods of acrylic resins used to fabricate denture base which are commercially available in the
market. This would help dental clinicians to choose the best material of choice in the market. The authors
have summarized the history, development and classification of different types of acrylic resins used in
fabricating dentures and processing methods based on published research available on this topic using
published materials available in the Dental Library, University of Malaya and the database (Science Direct,
PubMed). Every type of acrylic denture base material has its pros and cons. Therefore, careful selection of
the material and processing method is crucial to ensure patients are receiving the best outcome in
prosthodontic treatment hence upholding the patients’ best interest and improving their quality of life.