MyMedR

Two diseases in the same patient

CHIA M

Med J Malaya, 1957 Mar;11(3):247-9.

PMID: 13477003

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia*

Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of mynah pox virus in chickens and bobwhite quail

Reed WM, Schrader DL

Poult Sci, 1989 May;68(5):631-8.

PMID: 2547209

An avian pox virus was isolated from cutaneous proliferative lesions removed from greater hill mynahs (Gracula religiosa) imported from Malaysia. Cutaneous inoculation of specific pathogen-free chickens and bobwhite quail with the mynah pox virus resulted in severe proliferative cutaneous lesions similar to those seen in the naturally infected mynah birds. Microscopically, the reaction in the chickens and quail at sites of virus inoculation was characterized by marked epithelial hyperplasia with ballooning degeneration and formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Inoculation of conjunctival and oral mucosae of chickens by applying pox virus with a cotton swab did not result in gross or microscopic lesions. In cross-protection studies, chickens and bobwhite quail immunized with either quail, fowl, pigeon, turkey, or psittacine pox vaccines were not protected from challenge with mynah pox virus. Following vaccination of quail and chickens with mynah pox virus vaccine, there was no resistance to challenge by quail, fowl, pigeon, turkey, or psittacine pox viruses. Significant protection against development of lesions following inoculation with mynah pox virus was attained only when the homologous virus was used as a vaccine.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/microbiology; Tibia/pathology

Limb-length discrepancy in children : treatment by growth arrest

Ibrahim, S.

Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1997;9(2):178-181.

MyJurnal

Percutaneous epiphysiodesis for arresting growth is a useful method for equalising moderate lower limb-length discrepancy. This paper reviews the result of this procedure performed at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Glasgowfrom 1989 to 1993. There were 8 children (5 girls and 3 boys) ranging in age (chronological) from 10 years 3 months to 13 years 3 months. Limb-length discrepancies (LLD) at the time of surgery were between 2.5 cm to 5.5 cm. The predicted LLD at maturity was obtained using the Moseleys graph. This ranged from 3.9 cm to 8.3 cm. The cause of discrepancy were hemihypertrophy (5), neurofibromatosis (1), AV malformation (1) and neonatal osteomyelitis (1). Bone age in 3 patients corresponded to their chronological age. In 2 patients their bone age were less than their chronological age by 1 year. In the remaining 3 patients their bone were less than their chronological age by 1 to 3 years. All patients had percutaneous epiphysiodesis of both the distal femur and proximal tibia. All patients except one had afinal LLD of 1 cm or less. There were 2 unsatisfactory results: one girl had a valgus knee due to asymmetric physeal closure. Another boy had a final LLD of 3.3 cm as the procedure was done near skeletal maturity. This technique is useful even with LLD greater than 5 cm in children whose predicted height is above average. The difference between chronological age and bone age ranged from I to 3 years.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia

Long-term results of tibialis posterior tendon transfer for drop-foot

Yeap JS, Birch R, Singh D

Int Orthop, 2001;25(2):114-8.

PMID: 11409449

Twelve patients with drop-foot secondary to sciatic or common peroneal nerve palsy treated with transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon were followed-up for a mean of 90 (24-300) months. In 10 patients the results were 'excellent' or 'good'. In 11 patients grade 4 or 5 power of dorsiflexion was achieved, although the torque, as measured with a Cybex II dynamometer, and generated by the transferred tendon, was only about 30% of the normal side. Seven patients were able to dorsiflex their foot to the neutral position and beyond. The results appeared to be better in men under 30 years of age with common peroneal palsies. A painful flatfoot acquired in adulthood does not appear to be a significant long-term complication despite the loss of a functioning tibialis posterior tendon.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia

Efficacy of supplementation of a phytase-producing bacterial culture on the performance and nutrient use of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal diets

Lan GQ, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S, Ho YW

Poult Sci, 2002 Oct;81(10):1522-32.

PMID: 12412919

We evaluated the efficacy of supplementation of active Mitsuokella jalaludinii culture (AMJC) on the growth performance, nutrient use, and mineral concentrations in tibia bone and plasma of broiler chickens fed corn-soybean meal diets. Dietary treatments included low-nonphytate P (NPP) feed (containing 0.24% and 0.232% NPP for chicks from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 d of age, respectively), low-NPP feed added with different levels of AMJC (equivalent to 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 U phytase/kg of feed), and normal-NPP feed (containing 0.46 and 0.354% NPP for chicks from 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 d of age, respectively). Supplementation of AMJC to low-NPP feed increased (P < 0.05) weight gain and feed intake and decreased (P < 0.05) feed:gain ratio of chickens during the whole experiment (Days 1 to 42). Supplementation of AMJC increased (P < 0.05) the AME value, digestibility of DM and CP, and retention of P, Ca, and Cu. Mn retention in broilers was only increased (P < 0.05) by AMJC supplementation from 18 to 20 d of age, and Zn retention was improved (P < 0.05) only at a high level of AMJC (equivalent to 1,000 U phytase/kg of feed) supplementation. Chicks fed low-NPP feed added with AMJC had similar tibia ash percentages as those fed the normal-NPP diet. Generally, supplementing AMJC to low-NPP feed increased (P < 0.05) Ca, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) Mn and Cu, but did not affect Zn and P concentrations in tibia ash. Supplementing AMJC also increased (P < 0.05) plasma P but had no effect on plasma Ca or Mn. Plasma Zn concentration was increased only when a high level of AMJC (equivalent to 1,000 U phytase/kg of feed) was used. In conclusion, AMJC supplementation to low-NPP feed improved growth performance; AME value; digestibility of CP and DM; use of Ca, P, and Cu; and bone mineralization.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/chemistry

Fulltext Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of knee: long-term results in 50 knees

Devgan A, Marya KM, Kundu ZS, Sangwan SS, Siwach RC

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):62-8.

PMID: 14556327

To retrospectively study the long term results of high tibial valgus osteotomy in management of primary medial compartment osteoarthritis, with special reference to patient satisfaction and functional assessment, we conducted this study in radiologically established 50 knees of patients with primary osteoarthrosis of knee. In these patients with medial compartment disease (varus knee), medial open wedge osteotomy was performed using full thickness iliac crest grafts. These were called for follow-up after average 7.5 years and clinico-radiological assessment was done. Although many surgeons of the west do not favour this osteotomy, we found the procedure to be quite acceptable to our patients in whom the primary concerns of cost and squatting habits are well taken care of. The authors feel that this osteotomy is still relevant in the third world. Results do deteriorate with time but most patients consider the surgery satisfactory.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/surgery*

Fulltext Squamous cell carcinoma involving the tibia treated by reimplantation of autoclaved resected bone

Pan KL, Mourougayah V, Jayamalar T

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):783-5.

PMID: 15190672

We present an elderly patient with a squamous cell carcinoma over the subcutaneous aspect of the leg involving the tibia. En bloc resection of the tumour together with a 10 centimetre segment of the tibia was done. The resected bone was autoclaved, replaced in its original position and stabilized with bone cement and a locked nail. This allowed early ambulation with minimal cost.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/surgery*

Histological evaluation of the early bone response to hydroxyapatite (HA) implanted in rabbit tibia

Khadijah K, Mashita M, Saidu MF, Fazilah F, Khalid KA

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:123-4.

PMID: 15468849

This study is to qualitatively evaluate a locally produced hydroxyapatite (HA), made by AMREC-SIRIM in an experimental animal bone defect using New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. HA cylindrical blocks measuring 2.5 mm (D) x 1.0 mm (H) were implanted in the rabbits' left tibia. The tibias were harvested within one to three weeks post-implantation. The implantion site was cut into thin undecalcified sections of about 30 microm to 60 microm and stained with Toluidine Blue and Goldner's Masson Trichrome. Microscopic examinations using standard light microscopy of these slides were performed.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/pathology; Tibia/surgery

A comparative study of osseointegration phenomenon in coated and non-coated NiTi implants in a rabbit model

Najafpour HD, Suzina AH, Nizam A, Samsudin AR

Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:121-2.

PMID: 15468848

There was a significant increased in Absolute Contact Length measurements of endosteal bone growth along the Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) implant coated with the natural coral powder and Hydroxyapatite (HA) compared to the non-calcium coated implants. This study demonstrated that coated implants seemed to show earlier and higher osseointergration phenomena compared to non coated ones. Furthermore, there was significantly greater bone-to-implant contact at the apical 1/3rd of the coated implants.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/pathology; Tibia/surgery

Fulltext An unusual radiographic presentation of posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fracture

Nizlan MNM, Suhail A, Samsudin OC, Masbah O

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59 Suppl F:65-8.

PMID: 15941168

A case of traumatic posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fracture presenting with unusual radiographic findings is described. CT scan of the right knee showed features suggestive of combined ACL and PCL avulsion fractures. Arthroscopic findings showed that the injury was in fact a PCL avulsion fracture that was displaced anteriorly so as to mimic an ACL avulsion fracture on CT scan.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/injuries; Tibia/pathology; Tibia/radiography; Tibial Fractures/etiology; Tibial Fractures/radiography; Tibial Fractures/surgery

Fulltext Treatment for flexion contracture of the knee during Ilizarov reconstruction of tibia with passive knee extension splint

Kwan MK, Penafort R, Saw A

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59 Suppl F:39-41.

PMID: 15941159

Joint stiffness is one of the complications of limb procedure. It developes as a result of failure of knee flexors to lengthen in tandem with the bone, especially when there is inadequate physical therapy to provide active and passive mobilization of the affected joint. We are reporting four patients who developed fixed flexion contracture of their knees during bone lengthening procedure for the tibia with Ilizarov external fixator. Three of them were treated for congenital pseudoarthrosis and one was for fibular hemimelia. None of them were able to visit the physiotherapist even on a weekly basis. A splint was constructed from components of Ilizarov external fixator and applied on to the existing frame to passively extend the affected knee. Patients and their family members were taught to perform this exercise regularly and eventually near complete correction were achieved. With this result, we would like to recommend the use of this "Passive Knee Extension Splint" to avoid knee flexion Contracture during limb lengthening procedures with Ilizarov external fixators.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/surgery*

Fulltext Early complication following long bone reconstruction using vascularised fibula graft

Imran Y, Zulmi W, Halim AS

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59 Suppl F:35-8.

PMID: 15941158

Long bone reconstruction using vascularized fibula graft is becoming more popular despite the difficulties and its post-operative complications. We reviewed our early experience dealing with vascularized fibula graft for the management of massive long bone defect. Thirteen patients had undergone long bone reconstruction using vascularized fibula graft. Early complications that had been encountered include superficial wound infection (23%), transient common peroneal nerve palsy (23%), stage 1 bed sore (7.7%), anastomotic venous thrombosis (30.8%), DIVC (15.4%), flap loss and amputation (7.7%), and reactive psychiatric problem (7.7%). The early complications following this procedure are comparable with other major orthopaedic surgery and most of them are minor and treatable. The complication rates are also comparable with similar surgery done elsewhere.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/surgery

Residual nonunion following vascularised fibular graft treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia: a report of two cases

Sulaiman AR, Nordin S, Faisham WI, Zulmi W, Halim AS

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2006 Apr;14(1):64-6.

PMID: 16598090

Resection and reconstruction using a vascularised fibular graft is a viable alternative treatment for congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia, although distal junctional nonunion and residual deformity are known complications that are difficult to treat. We illustrate 2 cases in which bony union was achieved following a technique using fibular grafting and intramedullary nailing, without additional bone grafting. This technique was feasible because of hypertrophy of the fibular graft.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/abnormalities; Tibia/surgery*

Fulltext Distraction osteogenesis over intramedullary nail: a report of two cases

Sulaiman AR, Munajat I, Liau KM, Salehuddin AY, Shukrimi A

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61 Suppl B:48-50.

PMID: 17600992

Distraction osteogeneis over intramedullary nail has a benefit of decreasing the time for external fixation thus reducing the rate of associated complications. However, risk of panosteomyelitis is still the major worry. We are reporting two patients who underwent the procedure. The first case was a 13-year-old girl requiring 6 cm of femoral lengthening and the second case was a 17-year-old girl who required 5 cm of tibial lengthening. The healing index was 19.5 days/cm and 14.8 days/cm respectively, compared favorably to 30 days/cm with traditional method of distraction osteogenesis. There were mild pin tract infections and joint stiffness which responded to non-operative treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/radiography; Tibia/surgery*

Fulltext Growing endoprosthesis in management of bone tumours in Malaysia

Saravanan S, Vivek AS

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Dec;62(5):418-9.

PMID: 18705481 MyJurnal

This is to report on the use of growing endoprosthesis, also known as lengthening prosthesis in the management of four patients in the paedriatic age group in the Orthopaedic Oncolgy Unit at University Malaya Medical Centre. These are custom made prosthesis, designed and made in India based on measured roentrograms. The ages of these patients vary from 6 to 13 years old. These are cases of Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma around the knee. This is the first time these custom made prosthesis have ever been used in Malaysia. We feel that this is a feasible option for limb salvage in the treatment of primary bone tumours in growing children.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/surgery*

Cell based therapy for osteoarthritis in a sheep model: gross and histological assessment

Alfaqeh H, Norhamdan MY, Chua KH, Chen HC, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BH

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:37-8.

PMID: 19024972

This study was to determine if autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured in chondrogenic medium could repair surgically induced osteoarthritis. Sheep BMSCs were cultured in medium containing 5ng/ml TGFbeta3 + 50ng/ml IGF-1 for three weeks. The cultured cells were then suspended at density of 2x10(6) cell/ml and injected intraarticularly into the osteoarthritic knee joint. After six weeks, the distal head of the femur and the proximal tibial plateau were removed and stained with H&E. The results indicated that knee joints treated with autologous BMSCs cultured in chondrogenic medium showed clear evidence of articular cartilage regeneration in comparison with other groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/pathology

Fulltext Iliotibial band tension reduces patellar lateral stability

Merican AM, Iranpour F, Amis AA

J Orthop Res, 2009 Mar;27(3):335-9.

PMID: 18925647 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20756

This study investigated the effect of loading the iliotibial band (ITB) on the stability of the patellofemoral joint. We measured the restraining force required to displace the patella 10 mm medially and laterally (defined as medial and lateral stability, respectively) in 14 fresh-frozen knees from 0 to 90 degrees knee flexion. The testing rig allowed the patella to rotate and translate freely during this displacement. The quadriceps was separated into five components and loaded with 175 N total tension. Testing was performed at 0 to 90 N ITB tension. With no ITB tension, the lateral restraining force ranged from 82 to 101 N across 0 to 90 degrees flexion. Increasing ITB tension caused progressive reduction of the lateral restraining force. The maximum reduction was 25% at 60 degrees flexion and 90 N ITB tension. Medial restraining force increased progressively with increasing knee flexion and increasing ITB loads; it ranged from 74 N at 0 degrees knee flexion and 0 N ITB tension to 211 N at 90 degrees knee flexion and 90 N ITB tension. The maximum effect was an increase of medial restraining force of 50% at 90 degrees flexion and 90 N ITB tension.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/physiology*

Minimum level of jumping exercise required to maintain exercise-induced bone gains in female rats

Ooi FK, Singh R, Singh HJ, Umemura Y

Osteoporos Int, 2009 Jun;20(6):963-72.

PMID: 18839049 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0760-6

SUMMARY: This study determines the minimum level of exercise required to maintain 8 weeks of jumping exercise-induced bone gains in rats. It was found that the minimum level of exercise required for maintaining the different exercise-induced bone gains varied between 11% and 18% of the initial exercise intensity.

INTRODUCTION: This study ascertains the minimum level of follow-up exercise required to maintain bone gains induced by an 8-week jumping exercise in rats.

METHODS: Twelve groups of 12-week old rats (n = 10 rats per group) were given either no exercise for 8 (8S) or 32 weeks (32S), or received 8 weeks of standard training program (8STP) that consisted of 200 jumps per week, given at 40 jumps per day for 5 days per week, followed by 24 weeks of exercise at loads of either 40 or 20 or 10 jumps per day, for either 5, or 3, or 1 day/week. Bone mass, strength, and morphometric properties were measured in the right tibia. Data were analyzed using one-way analyses of variance.

RESULTS: Bone mass, strength, mid-shaft periosteal perimeter and cortical area were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the rats given 8STP than that in the 8S group. The minimal level of exercise required to maintain the bone gains was 31, 36, 25, and 21 jumps per week for mass, strength, periosteal perimeter and cortical area, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Eight weeks of jumping exercise-induced bone gains could be maintained for a period of 24 weeks with follow-up exercise consisting of 11% to 18% of the initial exercise load.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/physiology

Iliotibial band tension affects patellofemoral and tibiofemoral kinematics

Merican AM, Amis AA

J Biomech, 2009 Jul 22;42(10):1539-1546.

PMID: 19481211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.03.041

The iliotibial band (ITB) has an important role in knee mechanics and tightness can cause patellofemoral maltracking. This study investigated the effects of increasing ITB tension on knee kinematics. Nine fresh-frozen cadaveric knees had the components of the quadriceps loaded with 175 N. A Polaris optical tracking system was used to acquire joint kinematics during extension from 100 degrees to 0 degrees flexion. This was repeated after the following ITB loads: 30, 60 and 90 N. There was no change with 30 N load for patellar translation. On average, at 60 and 90 N, the patella translated laterally by 0.8 and 1.4mm in the mid flexion range compared to the ITB unloaded condition. The patella became more laterally tilted with increasing ITB loads by 0.7 degrees, 1.2 degrees and 1.5 degrees for 30, 60 and 90 N, respectively. There were comparable increases in patellar lateral rotation (distal patella moves laterally) towards the end of the flexion cycle. Increased external rotation of the tibia occurred from early flexion onwards and was maximal between 60 degrees and 75 degrees flexion. The increase was 5.2 degrees, 9.5 degrees and 13 degrees in this range for 30, 60 and 90 N, respectively. Increased tibial abduction with ITB loads was not observed. The combination of increased patellar lateral translation and tilt suggests increased lateral cartilage pressure. Additionally, the increased tibial external rotation would increase the Q angle. The clinical consequences and their relationship to lateral retinacular releases may be examined, now that the effects of a tight ITB are known.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia/physiology

Fulltext 13-year-old exposed interlocking nail: a case report

Chua, Y.C.J., Lim, L.A., Hudzairy, A.

Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(1):91-94.

MyJurnal

We are reporting a case of post-traumatic chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia with an open wound exposing an intra medullar nail implant for 13 years. The patient presented with fresh ipsilateral tibia plateau fracture. He was treated by removal of the implant, debridement and local placement of Gentamicin-impregnated PMMA beads according to guidelines of two-stage Belfast technique . After five months of wound treatment, the exposed bone was covered by healthy granulation tissue and the patient was able to fully bear weight.

Matched MeSH terms: Tibia; Tibial Fractures

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 136 in total