OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a teleconsultation intervention on key physiological NCD risk factors among suburban Indonesian adults. Primary outcomes include changes in blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, total cholesterol, uric acid, and peripheral oxygen saturation.
METHODS: This parallel-group, open-label randomized controlled trial utilizes a 1:1 allocation ratio with blinded outcome assessors and data analysts. Recruitment occurred between February and July 2025. Baseline evaluations measured key physiological parameters alongside validated assessments of dietary intake, physical activity, and digital health literacy. Following a 1-week familiarization phase, participants completed a 10-week intervention delivered via WhatsApp and videoconferencing. Primary outcomes are evaluated at baseline, Week 10, and long-term follow-up. Quantitative data will be analyzed using an intention-to-treat framework with linear mixed-effects models or appropriate nonparametric alternatives. Semistructured interviews will capture qualitative implementation insights using reflexive thematic analysis.
CURRENT STATUS: A total of 74 participants were recruited and randomized equally into intervention (n = 37) and control (n = 37) groups. Following baseline completion in July 2025, the 10-week intervention ran from August to November 2025, followed immediately by postintervention assessments. Long-term follow-up is scheduled for completion by September 2026. Inferential efficacy results are withheld in this protocol article.
CONCLUSIONS: This protocol outlines a structured teleconsultation framework targeting preventable NCD risk factors in suburban Indonesian populations. It will provide essential evidence regarding implementation feasibility, acceptability, and potential effectiveness upon project completion.
METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted involving syndromic craniosynostosis patients who underwent surgical expansion via the DO technique from the year 2012 to March 2022. Changes in six parameters which consist of visual acuity, refractive error, optic disc health, intraocular pressure, degree of proptosis and orbital volume were measured objectively pre and post-surgery. For categorical parameters, the Chi-square cross-tab test was done. Paired sample T-test was used for normally distributed variables. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for non-normally distributed data.
RESULTS: Visual impairment was present in 21.4% of eyes before surgery and increased to 28.5% post-surgery. Three patients had changes of refractive error post-surgery with one developed hypermetropia, another developed anisometropia and the last had improvement to no refractive error. Two patients had optic disc swelling which was resolved post-surgery. Intraocular pressure changes were inconsistent post-surgery. All patients achieved a significant reduction in the degree of proptosis post-surgery. Orbital volume calculation using computed tomography (CT) scans shows a significant increase in volume post-surgery for all patients.
CONCLUSION: Our study shows a significant increase in orbital volume post-surgery with a reduction in the degree of proptosis. Optic disc and nerve health improved after the surgery. Changes in terms of visual acuity, refractive error and IOP were inconsistent after the surgical intervention.
METHODS: The initial geometry optimization of every component was conducted through density functional theory (DFT) using TmoleX software. A single-point density functional theory (DFT) computation using Becke Perdew 86 (BP86) and the Triple-Zeta Valence Potential (TZVPD) was performed to produce.cosmo files. COSMO-RS calculations were performed by applying the parameterization file BP_TZVPD_FINE_19.ctd using COSMOthermX software. The practical extraction of oil from plant seeds was performed using a sonicator bath to verify the accuracy of the COSMO-RS predictions.