MyMedR

Cytogenetic studies of some species complexes of Anopheles in Thailand and Southeast Asia

Baimai V, Green CA, Andre RG, Harrison BA, Peyton EL

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1984 Dec;15(4):536-46.

Recent studies on cytogenetics, behavioral, geographical and distinct morphological characters on adult, pupal and larval stages have revealed that "balabacensis" is a species complex. Anopheles dirus the mainland species, is distributed widely in Thailand and is renowned for its role as primary vector of human malarial parasites. Further, evidence from cytogenetic and taxonomic studies suggests that "An. dirus" is a species complex comprising at least four distinct species provisionally designated: dirus A, B, C and D. These cryptic species are distinguishable only partially morphologically, but can be separated on the basis of metaphase chromosomes using the Giemsa and Hoechst 33258 staining techniques. Apparently, these siblings show distinct patterns of geographic distribution in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. The recognition of dirus as a complex of species in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia requires a re-evaluation of the role that the individual members of this complex have in the transmission of malaria parasites in this region. Cytological analysis of gene rearrangements in ovarian polytene chromosomes has shown that An. maculatus is a sibling-species complex consisting of at least four species in Thailand provisionally designated: maculatus A, B, C and G. These siblings are sympatric in some populations. Furthermore, species B is so highly polymorphic for chromosome rearrangements that four geographic forms can be recognized. It is not known whether these four forms are subspecies or yet further species within the species B complex. These sibling-species must be differentiated in order to understand any differential capabilities in their transmission of human malaria parasites. Anopheles nivipes was elevated from synonymy under An. philippinensis to full species status by Reid, a decision recently confirmed by cross mating experiments. The Thailand Malaria Division does not differentiate these two species and only identifies An. philippinensis, yet, An. nivipes is by far the most common of the two species in Thailand. Furthermore, preliminary surveys of the ovarian polytene chromosomes of several widely separated populations of An. nivipes in Thailand have revealed at least two distinct chromosomal types of nivipes based on fixed inversions on the X chromosomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors*

Pediatric cardiology in Asia

Vongprateep C

Cor Vasa, 1981;23(1):4-7.

PMID: 7238054

The problems of pediatric cardiology in Asia can be summarized as follows. In the countries like India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan and some other countries especially with government support like Thailand, the priority is primary health care. Except in Japan, cardiac care for children is not well supported financially. Training in pediatric cardiology is not readily available. Consequently small numbers of pediatric cardiologists, pediatric cardiac surgeons and active centres are available even in Japan. It is importannt to reduce the incidence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease by prevention of streptococcal infections and to increase the standard of living and environment. Transportation and referral system diagnosis, and treatment and follow-up is a special problem in neonatal care in relation to heart disease. Concentration of physicians, medical schools and cardiac centers in urban areas, old customs and poor understanding of people about the treatability and preventability of heart diseases in children complicate the improvement in the management of children with heart diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Rheumatic Heart Disease/epidemiology*

Fulltext Iatrogenic ureteric injuries

Lei CC, Abdullah MM, Abdullah K

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):163-70.

PMID: 1839421

Damage to the lower ureters during pelvic surgery is a serious and well-recognised complication. This iatrogenic injury, when undetected intra-operatively, continues to give rise to significant patient morbidity. In 1987, this Department was referred 18 cases of iatrogenic ureteric injuries. 16 patients were from gynaecologic surgery and 2 patients were from general surgery. Only 4 cases (24%) were detected and referred intra-operatively. 13 patients presented post-operatively with various symptoms viz., anuria, loin pain and urinary leak per vagina. Good recovery of urinary function was achieved in all cases after urological intervention, usually by ureteric re-implantation.

Matched MeSH terms: Iatrogenic Disease*

Fulltext Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in the treatment of coronary artery disease--the local experience: a review of 100 cases

Ng SC, Hitam O, Sawat

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Mar;46(1):59-65.

PMID: 1836039

This paper reviews our first 100 consecutive PTCAs done between December 1988 and May 1990. There were 31 females and 69 males and their ages ranged from 37 years to 80 years. The mean age was 57.7 years. We achieved a follow-up rate of 66%. The restenosis rate was 22% of those that we could follow-up. There were 35 simple and 65 complex PTCAs. An average of 1.39 arteries were entered per PTCA. Of the 100 PTCAs done there was a primary success rate of 83%. On closer examination most of the failures were in the total occlusion group. There were 30 total occlusions done and 17 were successfully dilated. The primary success rate for acute total occlusions was 77% and the primary success rate for chronic total occlusions was 41%. Of the 100 PTCAs there were two deaths and only one patient had to go for emergency bypass surgery. The other complications were relatively minor including hypotension, groin bleeding, chills and rigors. This paper documents our initial 100 cases of PTCAs. It shows that our figures are compatible with other centres in this region and those around the world.

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Disease/therapy*

Fulltext Communicable diseases: a continuing threat in Malaysia

Arokiasamy JT

Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):181-6.

PMID: 2152078

Matched MeSH terms: Communicable Disease Control/methods*

Vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease with a food pellet vaccine

Ideris A, Ibrahim AL, Spradbrow PB

Avian Pathol, 1990 Apr;19(2):371-84.

PMID: 18679945

The Australian, heat-resistant, a virulent V4 strain of Newcastle disease (ND) virus was selected for further heat resistance to give a variant designated V4-UPM. V4-UPM was sprayed on to food pellets which were fed to chickens in amounts calculated to give about 10(6) EID50 per chicken. Chickens vaccinated only once by feeding developed no haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies and were not protected against challenge with a viscerotropic velogenic strain of ND virus. Chickens given food pellet vaccine at 3 and 6 weeks of age developed HI antibodies and were substantially protected against parenteral and contact challenge with virulent ND virus. Similar protection was achieved when the V4-UPM vaccine was given intranasally on two occasions or when the vaccine virus was allowed to spread by contact from intranasally vaccinated chickens to nonvaccinated chickens. Heat resistant ND vaccine incorporated in food pellets may provide a method for protecting village chickens against ND in tropical countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Newcastle Disease; Newcastle disease virus

Fulltext Post traumatic parkinsonian syndrome: a case report

Pratap Chand R

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Dec;40(4):335-7.

PMID: 3842736

Parkinsonian syndrome attributed to craniocerebral trauma is rare. Two young adult males developed Parkinsonism following severe head injury. The clinical features and response to therapy are described.

Matched MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease, Secondary/etiology*

Fulltext A food poisoning outbreak due to Staphylococcus aureus, Kapar, Malaysia, 1983

Rampal L

Med J Malaysia, 1983 Dec;38(4):294-8.

PMID: 6599985

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on a food borne outbreak in a National Type Primary School (Chinese). The findings of the outbreak are reported. Of the 495 Chinese students (ages between 7-12 years) interviewed, 321 were exposed to one or more of the food items sold at the school canteen. The median incubation period was one hour for the outbreak. The main symptoms were related to the upper gastro-intestinal tract (nausea and vomiting). Fried meehoon (rice vermicelli) was suspected as being the responsible vehicle. The causative organism was Staphylococcus aureus. 48 cases were treated in the Main Health Centre, Kapar.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks*

Some aspects of prevention of coronary artery disease

Pillay RP

Med J Malaysia, 1976 Sep;31(1):5-9.

PMID: 1023013

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Disease/prevention & control*

Integrating Patient Concerns into Parkinson's Disease Management

Lim SY, Tan AH, Fox SH, Evans AH, Low SC

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 2017 01;17(1):3.

PMID: 28102483 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-017-0717-2

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex motor and non-motor disorder and management is often challenging. In this review, we explore emerging approaches to improve the care of patients, drawing from the literature regarding patient-centred care, patient and caregiver perspectives and priorities, gaps in knowledge among patients and caregivers and the need for accurate information, individual variability in disease manifestations, prognostication of disease course, new developments in health technologies and personalized medicine, specialty care, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management, financial burden, lifestyle and work-related issues, support groups and palliative care.

Matched MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease/therapy*

Fulltext Developing consensus measures for global programs: lessons from the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases Hypertension research program

Riddell MA, Edwards N, Thompson SR, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Praveen D, Johnson C, et al.

Global Health, 2017 03 15;13(1):17.

PMID: 28298233 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-017-0242-8

BACKGROUND: The imperative to improve global health has prompted transnational research partnerships to investigate common health issues on a larger scale. The Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases (GACD) is an alliance of national research funding agencies. To enhance research funded by GACD members, this study aimed to standardise data collection methods across the 15 GACD hypertension research teams and evaluate the uptake of these standardised measurements. Furthermore we describe concerns and difficulties associated with the data harmonisation process highlighted and debated during annual meetings of the GACD funded investigators. With these concerns and issues in mind, a working group comprising representatives from the 15 studies iteratively identified and proposed a set of common measures for inclusion in each of the teams' data collection plans. One year later all teams were asked which consensus measures had been implemented.

RESULTS: Important issues were identified during the data harmonisation process relating to data ownership, sharing methodologies and ethical concerns. Measures were assessed across eight domains; demographic; dietary; clinical and anthropometric; medical history; hypertension knowledge; physical activity; behavioural (smoking and alcohol); and biochemical domains. Identifying validated measures relevant across a variety of settings presented some difficulties. The resulting GACD hypertension data dictionary comprises 67 consensus measures. Of the 14 responding teams, only two teams were including more than 50 consensus variables, five teams were including between 25 and 50 consensus variables and four teams were including between 6 and 24 consensus variables, one team did not provide details of the variables collected and two teams did not include any of the consensus variables as the project had already commenced or the measures were not relevant to their study.

CONCLUSIONS: Deriving consensus measures across diverse research projects and contexts was challenging. The major barrier to their implementation was related to the time taken to develop and present these measures. Inclusion of consensus measures into future funding announcements would facilitate researchers integrating these measures within application protocols. We suggest that adoption of consensus measures developed here, across the field of hypertension, would help advance the science in this area, allowing for more comparable data sets and generalizable inferences.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease/therapy*

Further new hosts of Brienlia booliati from Peninsular Malaysia

Boo-Liat L, Joon-Wah M

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1974 Sep;5(3):457-8.

PMID: 4432109

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Reservoirs/parasitology*

The hazards of importing diseases of animals

WELLS CW

Med J Malaya, 1956 Sep;11(1):71-5.

PMID: 13399544

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Transmission, Infectious*

Ecological aspects of introduced pests and diseases

AUDY JR

Med J Malaya, 1956 Sep;11(1):21-32.

PMID: 13399540

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Transmission, Infectious*

Medical problems of the operational infantry soldier in Malaya

ARCHER TC

J R Army Med Corps, 1958 Jan;104(1):1-13.

PMID: 13502878

Matched MeSH terms: Disease*

Fulltext Leptospirosis among troops operating in Malaya during 1954 and 1955

Levis DG

Proc R Soc Med, 1957 Feb;50(2):119-24.

PMID: 13408223

Matched MeSH terms: Disease*

Penicillin in the treatment of 84 cases of leptospirosis in Malaya

MACKAY-DICK J, ROBINSON JF

J R Army Med Corps, 1957 Oct;103(4):186-97.

PMID: 13481991

Matched MeSH terms: Disease*

Socio-cultural foundations of medical practice in rural Malay communities

Chen PC

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Sep;29(1):2-6.

PMID: 4282625

Matched MeSH terms: Disease/etiology*

The psychiatric patient: preventing iatrogenic complications

Wagner NN

Med J Malaya, 1967 Dec;22(2):79-81.

PMID: 4231982

Matched MeSH terms: Iatrogenic Disease/prevention & control*

Fulltext Non-communicable disease program in Ampangan Health Clinic

Mastura I

Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(1):53-56.

MyJurnal

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent among the most common and debilitating conditions seen in primary care. Patients’ care will often involves multiple providers and follow-up requires persistence by patients and clinicians alike, therefore ideal outcomes are often difficult to achieve. The need for better disease management policies and practice is growing. This is due to the changing demographic profile of the population, the increasing cost of managing people in acute care hospitals and the availability of new technologies and services. All these changes enable a different care paradigm which is more cost effective and provides people with chronic conditions an improved quality of life. Management of the NCDs therefore offers an excellent opportunity to practice chronic disease management - a systems approach designed to ensure excellent care.
The NCD team has developed a comprehensive approach to chronic disease care. We would like to describe the NCD Program in Ampangan Health Clinic which represents many typical government health clinics in Malaysia and the processes by which it was developed. Included are specific examples of the tools and how they can be used by individual clinicians in caring for patients. The integration of Chronic Disease Management Services into health care systems is the direction being undertaken to tackle the burden of chronic disease. Disease management supports the shift in healthcare from an emphasis on managing the acute episode to managing the entire disease course, highlighting both prevention and maintenance of wellbeing for patients with chronic diseases. Disease management promotes better integration and coordination of care across all aspects of the health sector.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease; Disease Management

Displaying publications 281 - 300 of 5580 in total