Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 93 in total

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  1. Molecular Prevalence and Epidemiology of Trypanosoma evansi Among Cattle in Peninsular Malaysia
    Ola-Fadunsin SD, Gimba FI, Abdullah DA, Abdullah FJF, Sani RA
    Acta Parasitol, 2020 Mar;65(1):165-173.
    PMID: 31797192 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-019-00150-9
    BACKGROUND: Animal trypanosomiasis (Surra) caused by Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) is known to be one of the important haemoprotozoan parasites that causes great economical loss on animal production due to mortality and loss of condition.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. evansi infection among cattle in Peninsular Malaysia. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed on 1045 blood samples collected from 43 farms. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on risk factors associated with T. evansi prevalence. The RoTat 1.2 set of primers was used to amplify products of 205 base pair.

    RESULTS: The overall prevalence was found to be 17.9% (187/1045; 95% CI = 15.66-20.31). Trypanosoma evansi was detected among cattle in all the States of Peninsular Malaysia. Breeds of cattle and closeness to waste area, where the risk factors significantly (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*; Cattle Diseases/parasitology
  2. Fulltext Lungworm of cattle in Malaysia
    Lat-Lat H, Sani RA, Hassan L, Sheikh-Omar AR, Jeyabalan S, Hishammfariz M, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2010 Aug;27(2):236-40.
    PMID: 20962721 MyJurnal
    Bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus is highly endemic in temperate regions. However, the occurrence of the lungworm has not been reported in any South East Asian country. The main aim of the present study was to detect the presence of lungworm in cattle in peninsular Malaysia and to examine the morphology of the parasite. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 602 animals from four large scale government cattle farms and one dairy smallholder farm were sampled. In addition, 283 lungs from 11 abattoirs around the country were examined. Faecal samples were examined using the Baermann technique while post-mortem examination was performed on the lungs. Approximately 5% of faecal samples and 1% of lungs were positive for lungworm. Based on the morphology of adult lungworm, eggs and first stage larvae, Malaysian bovine lungworms were D. viviparus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  3. Fulltext First report of bovine lungworm disease in South-East Asia
    Lat-Lat H, Hassan L, Sani RA, Sheikh-Omar AR, Hishamfariz M, Ng V
    Trop Biomed, 2007 Jun;24(1):77-81.
    PMID: 17568380 MyJurnal
    This paper presents investigation of lungworm disease outbreaks that is based on retrospective examination of cases recorded between 1994 and 2000 on a government beef cattle breeding centre in the state of Pahang, peninsular Malaysia. The breed of cattle on the centre was Nelore and the mean population over a 7-year period (from 1994 to 2000) was 1612. All animals were allowed to graze on pasture and mixed grazing was practiced on the farm. The routine de-worming programme was performed using levamisole and ivermectin from 1994 to 1998 and abamectin in 1999 and 2000 on 1 to 3-month-old calves and an annual dose given to the adult cattle. Nelore was introduced into the farm in 1991, three years before the first outbreak from Brazil where Dictyocaulus viviparus infection had been reported. No lungworm infection had been observed in the farm prior to the animal introduction. Within the 7-year period, 36 fatalities occurred and the annual mortality rate due to lungworm infection was 0.31%. The highest rate was recorded in 1997. Among the total 36 deaths, about 75% of deaths occurred in calves aged between 6 months and 12 months, 67% were males and 33% were female cattle. The highest number of deaths (19%) occurred in the month of November. In conclusion, D. viviparus infection may have been introduced into a tropical climate along with consignments of cattle from lungworm endemic areas resulting in fatal disease outbreaks for a few years following the animal's initial introduction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*; Cattle Diseases/parasitology
  4. Epidemiology and risk factors associated with Anaplasma marginale infection of cattle in Peninsular Malaysia
    Ola-Fadunsin SD, Gimba FI, Abdullah DA, Sharma RSK, Abdullah FJF, Sani RA
    Parasitol Int, 2018 Dec;67(6):659-665.
    PMID: 29960083 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.06.013
    Bovine anaplasmosis is a major concern to cattle farming in most parts of the world. Anaplasmosis negatively impacts the profitability of cattle farming by reducing the production, reproduction, and draft ability of cattle. Here, we report results from a one-year cross sectional study to determine the epidemiology and the risk factors for Anaplasma marginale infection of cattle in Peninsular Malaysia. Examination of one thousand and forty five blood samples of apparently healthy cattle from forty-three farms in all the states of Peninsular Malaysia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay revealed an overall prevalence of A. marginale infection of cattle of 72.6%, showing high endemicity of this heamoprotozoan among cattle in the country. Cattle breeds, production type, herd owner, herd size, management system, farm size, farm age, prophylactic treatment against blood parasites, presence of ticks, frequency of deticking, zones, closeness to forest, closeness to waste area, closeness to human settlement and closeness to body of water were the risk factors significantly associated (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/microbiology; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*
  5. Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in cattle from Pahang, Malaysia
    Kamaruddin SK, Mat Yusof A, Mohammad M
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Mar 01;37(1):127-141.
    PMID: 33612724
    Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric protozoan parasite found in humans and various type of animal worldwide. Recently, genotypic distribution of Blastocystis sp. was revealed in insects, rodents, avian and mammals, which exposed its potential of transmiting the infections to human. However, very little information on current level of Blastocystis sp. infection were reported in cattle from Malaysia. Herein, a total of 120 stool samples of cattles were collected. While the potential risk of infection such as age, gender, body score, diarrheic condition of the cattle were noted, the management of the farms was also recorded. All stool sample were cultured, but 80 samples were selected for PCR sequencing analysis. The cultivation and microscopic examination revealed only 25% of the cattle (30/120) were infected with Blastocystis sp.. But, 43.8% of the cattle (35/80) were found positive upon PCR sequencing. The study also found that age, body score condition, diarrheic condition and certain farm were associated with the infection (p<0.05). Six subtypes (STs) that were discovered during the study were ST10 (21.3%;17/35), ST5 (8.8%;7/35), ST3 (7.5%;6/35), ST1 (2.5%;2/35), ST4 (2.5%;2/35) and ST14 (1.3%;1/35). Thus, moderate infections of Blastocystis sp. and variants in the genotypic distributions of the cattle suggest its potential for zoonotic transmission. Therefore, this findings could be helpful for further understanding the parasite, which assist studies of its pathogenicity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  6. Prevalence and molecular detection of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in large ruminants in Punjab, Pakistan
    Anjum A, Usman S, Aslam A, Faiz M, Usman S, Imran MS, et al.
    Trop Biomed, 2020 Jun 01;37(2):273-281.
    PMID: 33612797
    Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly contagious disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. It is characterized by anorexia, fever, dyspnea, polypnea, cough, and nasal discharges. Gross lesions in the lung such as marbling, sequestra, thickening of interlobular septa, and consolidation are evident. Serological tests including complement fixation test and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and molecular tests such as polymerase chain reactions are used for diagnostic purposes. In this study, lung samples of suspected large ruminants (cattle n=560, buffalo n=293) were collected from abattoirs of three districts of Punjab namely Lahore, Kasur and Jhang. PCR was performed with specific primers, targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene to detect the positive cases. The results indicated that 49 samples (8.75%) of cattle were positive, with maximum prevalence was observed in Jhang with 16 positive samples (10.06%), but CBPP was not detected in any buffalo sample. High prevalence of disease was seen in cattle of more than seven years of age, in female cattle, and in cross-bred cattle. Age and gender were found significantly associated (P<0.05) with the prevalence of the disease. Gene sequencing of identified 5 isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides had more than 99% similarities with the strains isolated from China, Italy, Australia and Tanzania and were categorized into a monophyletic group but strain isolated from Portugal had more than 55% variable regions, hence clustered separately. This study confirms the presence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in the country which can be a threat to the livestock export market and warrants the implementation of control measures to mitigate the economic losses associated with the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/microbiology; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*
  7. An evaluation of beta-hydroxybutyrate in milk and blood for prediction of subclinical ketosis in dairy cows
    Samiei A, Liang JB, Ghorbani GR, Hirooka H, Yaakub H, Tabatabaei M
    Pol J Vet Sci, 2010;13(2):349-56.
    PMID: 20731192
    The first objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) in milk and blood to assess the reliability of the BHBA concentrations in milk measured by a semi quantitative keto-test paper to detect subclinical ketosis (SCK) in 50 fresh high-producing Iranian Holstein cows in Golestan Province, Iran. The second objective was the effects of SCK on milk yield and components. Concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and BHBA were analyzed quantitatively in blood plasma and commercial keto-test paper was used for semi quantitative determination of BHBA concentration in milk. Milk yield was measured until 60 d after calving but milk compositions were measured until 30 d after calving. The mean plasma BHBA, milk BHBA, plasma NEFA, milk yield, milk fat percentage and milk fat: protein ratio were 1,234 micromol/L, 145 micromol/L, 0.482 mEq/L, 29.5 kg, 3.9% and 1.4, respectively. Fifty eight percent of the cows had SCK during the first month of lactation. High correlation coefficients were observed between blood BHBA and blood NEFA, and between blood and milk BHBA. The milk yield of cattle with SCK decreased (P < 0.01) but the fat percentage and milk fat: protein ratio increased (P < 0.01). The commercial keto-test paper used had a low false positive result at a cut-off point of 200 fmol of BHBA/L of milk. The results showed that the best time to assess SCK using the commercial keto-test paper was d 10, 14 and 17 after calving.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/blood*; Cattle Diseases/diagnosis
  8. Experimental Brachiaria decumbens toxicity in cattle
    Noordin MM, Salam Abdullah A, Rajion MA
    Vet Res Commun, 1989;13(6):491-4.
    PMID: 2631385
    Although Brachiaria decumbens was not toxic when fed to cattle, the infusion of rumen liquor from B. decumbens intoxicated sheep into the rumen of cattle produced evidence suggesting hepatic and renal dysfunction. Several biochemical changes were observed including increases in serum aspartate amino transferase, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and a marked reduction in the plasma bromosulphthalein clearance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/blood; Cattle Diseases/etiology*
  9. First detection and molecular identification of Entamoeba bovis from Japanese cattle
    Matsubayashi M, Matsuura Y, Nukata S, Daizi Y, Shibahara T, Teramoto I, et al.
    Parasitol Res, 2018 Jan;117(1):339-342.
    PMID: 29185030 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5689-2
    Thus far, Entamoeba species have been classified based on morphology such as the number of nuclei in mature cysts and their hosts. Using recently developed molecular tools, ruminant Entamoeba spp. are currently classified into four species/genotypes: E. bovis and Entamoeba ribosomal lineages (RL) 1, 2, and 4. However, the distribution or pathogenicity of ruminant Entamoeba has not been well documented. In the present study, we examined a total of 25 fecal and seven environmental samples collected from six farms in Japan from 2016 to 2017 by the floatation method and PCR and sequencing analyses. Consequently, we detected Entamoeba cysts in 18 of 25 cattle samples and four of the seven environmental samples, including soil and drinking water, by microscopic examinations. In sequential examinations, Entamoeba-positive cattle were found to shed cysts without any clinical symptoms for more than 8 months. By PCR for molecular identification, isolates in ten cattle and one soil sample were successfully sequenced and formed a cluster of E. bovis, which was separated from those of other Entamoeba species/genotypes such as RL1-4 in phylogenetic analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report about E. bovis in Japan, and our results may implicate that E. bovis is not pathogenic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  10. Assessment of the likelihood of the introduction of foot-and-mouth disease through importation of live animals into the Malaysia-Thailand-Myanmar peninsula
    Wongsathapornchai K, Salman MD, Edwards JR, Morley PS, Keefe TJ, Van Campen H, et al.
    Am J Vet Res, 2008 Feb;69(2):252-60.
    PMID: 18241023 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.2.252
    To assess the likelihood of an introduction of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) into the Malaysia-Thailand-Myanmar (MTM) peninsula through terrestrial movement of livestock.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control
  11. Fulltext Molecular detection of Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, Trypanosoma evansi and first evidence of Theileria sinensis-associated bovine anaemia in crossbred Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle
    Agina OA, Shaari MR, Isa NMM, Ajat M, Zamri-Saad M, Mazlan M, et al.
    BMC Vet Res, 2021 Jul 18;17(1):246.
    PMID: 34275459 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02902-0
    BACKGROUND: Serious disease outbreaks in cattle are usually associated with blood pathogens. This study aims to detect blood pathogens namely Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and Trypanosoma evansi, and determine their phylogenetic relationships and haemato-biochemical abnormalities in naturally infected cattle.

    METHODS: Molecular analysis was achieved by PCR amplification and sequencing of PCR amplicons of 18SrRNA gene of Theileria species, 16SrRNA genes of Anaplasma and Mycoplasma species, MPSP genes of T. orientalis and T. sinensis, MSP4 gene of A. marginale, 16SrRNA gene of Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, and RoTat1.2 VSG gene of Trypanosoma evansi, in sixty-one (61) clinically ill Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle in Pahang, Malaysia.

    RESULTS: A total of 44 (72.13%) cattle were infected with more than one blood pathogen. Theileria species was the blood pathogen with the highest molecular detection rate (72.13, 95% CI 59.83-81.81%). Nucleotide blast analyses of all sequences demonstrated high degree of molecular similarity (98-100%) in comparison with their respective reference sequences. Analysis of 18SrRNA gene sequences of Theileria species and 16SrRNA gene sequences of Anaplasma species revealed Theileria sinensis and Anaplasma platys respectively as additional species detected in these cattle. MPSP-PCR analysis was conducted for further confirmation of T. sinensis. The blood picture of eight infected cattle groups revealed poikilocytosis, anisocytosis, rouleaux formation and degenerative left shift. High mean erythrocyte fragility values were common in infected cattle groups. Anaemia of the macrocytic normochromic type and spherocytes were observed in the T. evansi and Anaplasma platys + Theileria sinensis double species co-infected cattle group. Normocytic normochromic anaemia was observed in the T. sinensis infected cattle group. Significant (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/blood; Cattle Diseases/microbiology; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*; Cattle Diseases/parasitology
  12. Cattle herd inspections and fly trapping for the detection of the Old World screw-worm fly (Chrysomya bezziana)
    Urech R, Muharsini S, Tozer RS, Sumartono, Green PE, Brown GW, et al.
    Aust. Vet. J., 2014 Jan;92(1-2):28-32.
    PMID: 24471879 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12142
    To compare the sensitivity of inspections of cattle herds and adult fly trapping for detection of the Old World screw-worm fly (OWS).
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  13. Field assessment of synthetic attractants and traps for the Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana
    Urech R, Green PE, Brown GW, Spradbery JP, Tozer RS, Mayer DG, et al.
    Vet Parasitol, 2012 Jul 6;187(3-4):486-90.
    PMID: 22575279 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.046
    The performance of newly developed trapping systems for the Old World screw-worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana has been determined in field trials on cattle farms in Malaysia. The efficacy of non-sticky traps and new attractants to trap C. bezziana and non-target flies was compared with the standard sticky trap and Swormlure. The optimal trap was a modified LuciTrap(®) with a new attractant mixture, Bezzilure-2. The LuciTrap/Bezzilure-2 caught on average 3.1 times more C. bezziana than the sticky trap with Swormlure (P<0.05) and provided selectivity for C. bezziana against Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya rufifacies with factors of 5.9 and 6.4, respectively. The LuciTrap also discriminates with factors of 90 and 3.6 against Hemipyrellia sp. and sarcophagid flesh flies respectively, compared to the sticky trap. The LuciTrap/Bezzilure-2 system is recommended for screwworm fly surveillance as it is more attractive and selective towards C. bezziana and provides flies of better quality for identification than the sticky trap.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/parasitology; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control
  14. Molecular analysis of Cryptosporidium from cattle from five states of Peninsular Malaysia
    Yap NJ, Koehler AV, Ebner J, Tan TK, Lim YA, Gasser RB
    Mol Cell Probes, 2016 Feb;30(1):39-43.
    PMID: 26775614 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.01.002
    Despite the importance of the cattle industry in Malaysia, there are very few studies of the diversity and public health significance of bovine cryptosporidiosis in this country. In the present study, we used a PCR-based approach to detect and genetically characterize Cryptosporidium DNA in faecal samples from a cohort of 215 asymptomatic cattle (of different ages) from six farms from five states of Peninsular Malaysia. Cattle on four of the six farms were test-positive for Cryptosporidium, with an overall prevalence of 3.2%. Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium ryanae were detected in two (0.9%) and five (2.3%) samples tested; this low prevalence likely relates to the age of the cattle tested, as most (73%) of the samples tested originated from cattle that were ≥2 years of age. Future studies should investigate the zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned and weaned calves in rural communities of Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/diagnosis; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  15. Epidemiology of Trypanosoma evansi infection in crossbred dairy cattle in Malaysia
    Cheah TS, Sani RA, Chandrawathani P, Bahri S, Dahlan I
    Trop Anim Health Prod, 1999 Feb;31(1):25-31.
    PMID: 10399814
    An investigation into the epidemiology of Trypansoma evansi infection in crossbred dairy cattle was conducted for a period of 12 months on a dairy cattle farm in Penninsular Malaysia. The prevalence of parasitaemia was highest in lactating animals (13.4%), followed by those in the dry herd (8.8%), late pregnant animals (8.1%), early pregnant animals (4.7%), calves (0.3%) and heifers (0.2%). The prevalence of antigenaemia was highest in the lactating animals (54.7%), followed by that in dry animals (53.7%), heifers (51.1%), late pregnant animals (47.7%), early pregnant animals (46.5%) and calves (24.2%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology*; Cattle Diseases/parasitology
  16. Seroepidemiological studies of bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia ovata, B. bigemina and B. bovis in Peninsular Malaysia
    Chandrawathani P, Tsuji N, Kawazu S, Ishikawa M, Fujisaki K
    J Vet Med Sci, 1994 Oct;56(5):929-32.
    PMID: 7865596
    Cattle in Peninsular Malaysia were examined for evidence of infection with Babesia ovata, B. bigemina and B. bovis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to the three Babesia species. All of the test samples when assayed with B. ovata antigen, resulted in low value indicating low probability of cattle infected with B. bigemina, 74.4% were positive for B. bovis and 72.6% were positive for both Babesia species. In addition, a serological survey with regard to age difference was carried out on a milk production farm. High reactivity antibody to B. bigemina and B. bovis was detected in calves less than 1 month of the age. The reactivity decreased in calves 1-3 months of the age. Then, the reactivity increased for both Babesia species in 6 months old calves. These results suggested that cattle infected with B. bigemina and B. bovis were widespread throughout Peninsular Malaysia and that both parasites might exist as an enzootical parasite.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Cattle Diseases/parasitology*
  17. In-vitro phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Pasteurella multocida B:2 by phagocytic cells of buffaloes
    Puspitasari Y, Annas S, Adza-Rina MN, Zamri-Saad M
    Microb Pathog, 2019 Jun;131:170-174.
    PMID: 30978429 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.04.012
    Pasteurella multocida B:2 is a Gram-negative organism causing haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) in buffaloes. It causes severe pulmonary infection, leading to infiltration of numerous macrophages and neutrophils. Despite the inflammatory response, buffaloes succumb to HS. This study aims to evaluate the in-vitro efficacy of macrophages and neutrophils of buffalo following exposure to P. multocida B:2. In-vitro infections were done using 107 cfu/ml of P. multocida B:2 for Group 1, Escherichia coli for Group 2 and Mannhaemia haemolytica A:2 for Group 3 cells. The inoculated cell cultures were harvested at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min post-exposure and the phagocytic, killing and cell death rates were determined. Both phagocytosis and killing rates of all bacteria increased over time. Phagocytosis involved between 71% and 73% neutrophils and between 60% and 64% macrophages at 120 min. Killing rate of all bacteria involved between 76% and 79% for neutrophils and between 70% and 74% for macrophages at 120 min. Death rate of neutrophils ranged between 67% in Group 3, and 88% in Group 1 at 120 min, significantly (p  0.05) than Group 2. Similar pattern was observed for death rate of macrophages. The phagocytosis and killing rates of P. multocida B:2 were similar to other bacterial species used in this study but more neutrophils and macrophages were dead following infection by P. multocida B:2 than M. haemolytica A:2.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/immunology*; Cattle Diseases/microbiology
  18. Disseminated thymic B-cell lymphoma in a Holstein heifer
    Hishamnuri WNAD, Nakagun S, Maezawa M, Sakaguchi K, Akiyama N, Watanabe KI, et al.
    J Vet Diagn Invest, 2019 Nov;31(6):852-855.
    PMID: 31551023 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719875501
    A 19-mo-old Holstein heifer was inactive and dyspneic. Physical examination revealed wheezing, exophthalmos, a cervical mass, and lymphadenopathy. Cytology of the cervical mass and lymph nodes showed predominantly large atypical lymphocytes. Lactate dehydrogenase and thymidine kinase activities were elevated. Although nested PCR for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) using blood was positive, quantitative PCR showed a low number of provirus copies. Autopsy revealed enlargement of most lymph nodes examined, as well as white masses of various sizes in muscles of the left hindlimb and thoracic and abdominal organs. Histopathology revealed severe infiltration with neoplastic lymphocytes in these organs. The cervical mass was immune-positive for B-cell markers. The final diagnosis was thymic B-cell lymphoma with BLV infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/diagnosis*; Cattle Diseases/pathology
  19. Fulltext Interaction between Pasteurella multocida B:2 and its derivatives with bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC)
    Kamal NM, Zamri-Saad M, Masarudin MJ, Othman S
    BMC Vet Res, 2017 Jun 19;13(1):186.
    PMID: 28629460 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1109-1
    BACKGROUND: Pasteurella multocida B:2 causes bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), leading to rapid fatalities in cattle and buffaloes. An attenuated derivative of P. multocida B:2 GDH7, was previously constructed through mutation of the gdhA gene and proved to be an effective live attenuated vaccine for HS. Currently, only two potential live attenuated vaccine candidates for HS are being reported; P. multocida B:2 GDH7 and P. multocida B:2 JRMT12. This study primarily aims to investigate the potential of P. multocida B:2 GDH7 strain as a delivery vehicle for DNA vaccine for future multivalent applications.

    RESULTS: An investigation on the adherence, invasion and intracellular survival of bacterial strains within the bovine aortic endothelial cell line (BAEC) were carried out. The potential vaccine strain, P. multocida B:2 GDH7, was significantly better (p ≤ 0.05) at adhering to and invading BAEC compared to its parent strain and to P. multocida B:2 JRMT12 and survived intracellularly 7 h post treatment, with a steady decline over time. A dual reporter plasmid, pSRGM, which enabled tracking of bacterial movement from the extracellular environment into the intracellular compartment of the mammalian cells, was subsequently transformed into P. multocida B:2 GDH7. Intracellular trafficking of the vaccine strain, P. multocida B:2 GDH7 was subsequently visualized by tracking the reporter proteins via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

    CONCLUSIONS: The ability of P. multocida B:2 GDH7 to model bactofection represents a possibility for this vaccine strain to be used as a delivery vehicle for DNA vaccine for future multivalent protection in cattle and buffaloes.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/microbiology; Cattle Diseases/prevention & control*
  20. Fulltext Discovery of Eurytrema Eggs in Sediment from a Colonial Period Latrine in Taiwan
    Yeh HY, Cheng CJ, Huang C, Zhan X, Wong WK, Mitchell PD
    Korean J Parasitol, 2019 Dec;57(6):595-599.
    PMID: 31914510 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.595
    In this study we take a closer look at the diseases that afflicted Japanese police officers who were stationed in a remote mountainous region of Taiwan from 1921 to 1944. Samples were taken from the latrine at the Huabanuo police outpost, and analyzed for the eggs of intestinal parasites, using microscopy and ELISA. The eggs of Eurytrema sp., (possibly E. pancreaticum), whipworm and roundworm were shown to be present. True infection with Eurytrema would indicate that the policemen ate uncooked grasshoppers and crickets infected with the parasite. However, false parasitism might also occur if the policemen ate the uncooked intestines of infected cattle, and the Eurytrema eggs passed through the human intestines. These findings provide an insight into the diet and health of the Japanese colonists in Taiwan nearly a century ago.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cattle Diseases/history; Cattle Diseases/parasitology
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