MyMedR

In certain areas of Sabah, East Malaysia, local houses are frequently built without walls or with incomplete walls. Also, the people in these areas often refuse permission for their houses to be sprayed inside with insecticide (DDT). These special conditions are the reason for the persistence of malaria transmission under a WHO malaria eradication programme.Field trials were conducted in specially constructed huts, similar to the local houses, in which all-night collections of mosquitos were made, both those biting human baits and those resting on walls, in order to determine (1) the effectiveness of spraying DDT in houses without, or with incomplete, walls; and (2) the best way to protect people against mosquito bites with DDT-spraying where the house-owners have refused indoor spraying.The results indicate that (1) as expected, DDT-spraying inside a hut with incomplete walls is less effective than in a hut with complete walls, especially 6 months or more after spraying; (2) external spraying of walls with DDT at double the normal dose (i.e., 4 g/m(2)) greatly reduced contacts between man and mosquito and thereby limited transmission of malaria.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/prevention & control

B.C.G. vaccination in Sabah

Roy RN

Bull Int Union Tuberc, 1972 Aug;47 Suppl 2:162-4.

PMID: 4145661

Matched MeSH terms: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/prevention & control*

The improvement of immunization status in children attending child health clinics

Pathmanathan I

J Trop Med Hyg, 1973 Nov;76(11):294-6.

PMID: 4758753

The Municipal Maternal and Child Health Clinics at Kuala Lumpur were faced with a declining but continuing problem of diphtheria. The arrangements for immunization were such that a low coverage was obtained for triple vaccination, but a high one for smallpox, a disease they had not experienced for many years. By reversing the schedule, so that triple vaccine injections were administered first, and ensuring that fewer children were not immunized because of concurrent minor ailments, the diphtheria immunization coverage was greatly improved. There was some loss of smallpox cover.
The revision commenced in 1970 and the diphtheria incidence rate, which had been falling since 1965, continued to fall but at a lower rate. The author does not discuss possible explanations for this. The article illustrates a dramatic improvement in immunization cover by a simple re-arrangement better suited to the needs of the town

Matched MeSH terms: Diphtheria/prevention & control

Fulltext Present status of malaria control in Asia

Dy FJ

Bull World Health Organ, 1954;11(4-5):725-63.

PMID: 13209318

The author summarizes the information given by 13 governments-Afghanistan, Burma, Ceylon, China, India, Indonesia, Malaya, Netherlands New Guinea, Philippines, Portuguese India, Sarawak, Thailand, and Viet Nam-on their existing and proposed malaria-control programmes in response to a questionnaire prepared by WHO for discussion at the First Asian Malaria Conference, which was held in Bangkok in September 1953.Although in late 1953 nearly 46.5 million of the 271 million people living in malarious regions were protected against the disease, more than 224 million others were still unprotected.It is noted that residual-insecticide spraying-the basis of most campaigns-has significantly reduced spleen- and parasite-rates; that the minor opposition to spraying initially encountered in some places quickly disappeared as the benefits became apparent; that malaria control has resulted in general improvements in public health and has promoted socio-economic development; that anopheline resistance to the insecticides used has not been observed; that ten governments voiced the need for indoctrination of public officials concerning malaria control; and that there is a trend among governments to make financial provision for long-term malaria-control schemes.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/prevention & control*

Topical thio-tipa in the prevention of pterygium recurrence after surgery

Choon LK

Med J Malaya, 1969 Sep;24(1):58-61.

PMID: 4243845

Matched MeSH terms: Pterygium/prevention & control*

NOTES ON THE BIONOMICS OF ANOPHELES CAMPESTRIS, REID, AND ON ITS DISAPPEARANCE FOLLOWING HOUSE-SPRAYING WITH RESIDUAL INSECTICIDES

MOORHOUSE DE, CHOOI CK

Med J Malaysia, 1964 Mar;18:184-92.

PMID: 14157184

Matched MeSH terms: Malaria/prevention & control*

Effects of a Behavioral and Exercise Program on Depression and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Controlled, Quasi-Experimental Study

Azizan A, Justine M

J Gerontol Nurs, 2016 Feb;42(2):45-54.

PMID: 26651863 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20151124-01

Sedentary behavior and low participation in exercise among older adults can lead to depression and low quality of life (QOL). The current study investigated the effects of behavioral and exercise programs on depression severity and QOL among Malaysian community-dwelling older adults. A controlled, quasi-experimental, pre-posttest design was used. A total of 63 participants were divided into three groups: (a) exercise and behavior group (EBG), (b) exercise only group (EG), and (c) control group (CG). Results showed a significant difference in depression among groups (F(2,58) = 33.49, p < 0.01, η(2) = 0.54; mean, EBG < EG < CG) and in physical (F(2,58) = 5.33, p < 0.01, η(2)= 0.16; mean, EBG > EG > CG) and mental (F(2,58) = 4.08, p < 0.01, η(2) = 0.12; mean, EBG > CG > EG) scores of QOL. A combination of behavioral and exercise programs has superior effects on depression and QOL of older adults. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 42(2), 45-54.].

Matched MeSH terms: Depression/prevention & control*

Excessive internet use in young women: What are the implications?

Jaafar NRN, Bahar N, Ibrahim N, Wan Ismail WS, Baharudin A

Curr Opin Psychiatry, 2017 Jul;30(4):260-267.

PMID: 28426547 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000336

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There are considerable gender differences in youth engaging in excessive internet use (EIU). This review provides updates based on the recent literature focusing on the EIU in young women to describe its implications including what it constitutes of, its correlates, sequelae and preventive and/or treatment strategies.

RECENT FINDINGS: Definition of EIU and its conceptualization still requires refinement. Recent studies indicate a changing trend towards female predominance of EIU. Women also differ in their internet use compared with men regarding their preference in the internet content and online activities, motives of use and factors related to access to the internet, including the device, sociocultural restrictions, etc. The correlates and sequelae of EIU encompass psychological, physical, biological, family and social domains that could form the basis of identifying individuals at risk and strategizing treatment.

SUMMARY: The findings indicate the need for standardization in definition and measures of EIU for better recognition of EIU and identification of its at-higher-risk females. Effective preventive and treatment measures are still limited by various methodology flaws outlined here.

Matched MeSH terms: Behavior, Addictive/prevention & control*

Fulltext Cholera: a re-emerging infection

Lim VKE

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Mar;56(1):1-3.

PMID: 11503284

Matched MeSH terms: Cholera/prevention & control

Hospital infection control in Malaysia

Lim VK

J Hosp Infect, 2001 Jul;48(3):177-9.

PMID: 11439003

Matched MeSH terms: Cross Infection/prevention & control*

Outbreak of Japanese encephalitis hits Malaysia

Easton A

BMJ, 1999 Apr 03;318(7188):893.

PMID: 10102839 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.318.7188.893a

Matched MeSH terms: Encephalitis, Japanese/prevention & control

Roles of the private sector in tobacco cessation programmes

Zain Z

Addiction, 2002 Aug;97(8):960-1, discussion 961-2.

PMID: 12144596

Matched MeSH terms: Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control

Fulltext Disinfection and the control of nosocomial infection

Lim VKE

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):289-90.

PMID: 8668044

Matched MeSH terms: Cross Infection/prevention & control*

Fulltext Leveraging the U.S. Criminal Justice System to Access Women for HIV Interventions

Meyer JP, Muthulingam D, El-Bassel N, Altice FL

AIDS Behav, 2017 Dec;21(12):3527-3548.

PMID: 28534199 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-017-1778-6

The criminal justice (CJ) system can be leveraged to access women for HIV prevention and treatment programs. Research is lacking on effective implementation strategies tailored to the specific needs of CJ-involved women. We conducted a scoping review of published studies in English from the United States that described HIV interventions, involved women or girls, and used the CJ system as an access point for sampling or intervention delivery. We identified 350 studies and synthesized data from 42 unique interventions, based in closed (n = 26), community (n = 7), or multiple/other CJ settings (n = 9). A minority of reviewed programs incorporated women-specific content or conducted gender-stratified analyses. CJ systems are comprised of diverse access points, each with unique strengths and challenges for implementing HIV treatment and prevention programs for women. Further study is warranted to develop women-specific and trauma-informed content and evaluate program effectiveness.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/prevention & control*

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