MyMedR

Fulltext The current management of external fistulas

Hari Rajah S, Balasegaram M

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Dec;35(2):155-61.

PMID: 7266410

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases/therapy*

Localized amyloidosis in basal cell carcinoma. A pathologic study

Looi LM

Cancer, 1983 Nov 15;52(10):1833-6.

PMID: 6627203

Congo-red screening demonstrated intratumor deposits of amyloid in 35 of 53 unselected cases of basal cell carcinoma. Male subjects had a higher amyloid positivity rate than female subjects. The amyloid deposits were permanganate-resistant and located in the stroma between clumps of tumor cells, as well as abutting the advancing front of the neoplasm. Solar elastosis was often observed in the overlying and adjacent subepidermis. The relationship between amyloid positivity and the different histological subtypes of basal cell carcinoma, tumor ulceration, and density of the lymphoplasmacytic stromal infiltrate were also studied. The possibility that amyloid originates from the tumor cells and is a result of tumor apoptosis (degeneration) is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/pathology*

Fulltext The external ear--the electrical aspects in relation to acupuncture--a preliminary report

Ong LS, Hamiadji T, Chong KL

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Sep;35(1):53-7.

PMID: 7253999

This study is based on measuring the d.c. (direct current) skin conductance of the acupuncture points representing the heart on the external ear. The subjects were 30 healthy volunteers and 20 cardiac patients. The results obtained showed that the skin resistance of the heart acupuncture loci on the auricle of the cardiac patients were markedly reduced when compared with that of the healthy controls. The value of this method of auricular electroacupuncture diagnosis is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Galvanic Skin Response*

Effect of ivermectin on sarcoptic mange lesions of goats

Zamri-Saad M, Kamal Hizat A, Kamil WM

Trop Anim Health Prod, 1990 May;22(2):144-5.

PMID: 2371754

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of IgE antibodies specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Ho TM, Yit YH, Husain M

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 1988 Dec;6(2):103-6.

PMID: 3146256

Allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was determined in 61 rhinitis patients using prick test (PT), enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 43 patients tested positive with PT. Forty six patients were positive when tested with EIA and ELISA. With PT as standard test, EIA was found to have 83.7% sensitivity and 44.4% specificity; ELISA had 81.4% sensitivity and 38.9% specificity. There was a linear relationship between absorbance values obtained by EIA and ELISA. The performance time was 8 hours, 24 hours and 30 minutes for ELISA, EIA and PT respectively. The cost per test for ELISA, EIA and PT was US$ 0.20, US$ 5.20 and US$ 0.14 respectively. It was concluded that ELISA was more cost-effective than EIA should be used to supplement PT for a more complete diagnosis of allergy.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Tests/methods

Fulltext Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans: case reports

Ting HC

Med J Malaysia, 1984 Mar;39(1):82-4.

PMID: 6513846

The presence of dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans in three local patients is documented and the condition briefly discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology

Medically important solar ultraviolet A. Radiation measurements

Ilyas M, Abdul Aziz D, Tajuddin MR

Int J Dermatol, 1988 Jun;27(5):315-8.

PMID: 3391727

Results from a 6-year study of solar ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation measurements at the equatorial location of Penang (5 degrees N) are presented. On clear days, the diurnal flux reaches a very high dosage of about 3.0 x 10(-2) KWHM-2 around midday. The average daily total flux is in the range of 1.6 x 10(-1) KWHM-2 and does not change much seasonally. The high 83% cloud cover only reduces the incoming flux to about half. The radiation flux represents a lower limit of the incident UVA radiation applicable to much of the equatorial/tropical region.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/radiation effects

Fulltext Histopathology of skin lesions in leprosy

Jayalakshmi

Malays J Pathol, 1980 Aug;3:39-45.

PMID: 7186596

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology*

Dependence of human forearm skin postocclusive reactive hyperemia on occlusion time

Tee GB, Rasool AH, Halim AS, Rahman AR

J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods, 2004 Jul-Aug;50(1):73-8.

PMID: 15233971 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2004.02.002

Human postocclusive forearm skin reactive hyperemia is not only a potential means of identifying early signs of cardiovascular diseases, it can also be used in the assessment of local microvascular response to topically applied compounds on skin. The method is not fully characterized. In this study, we investigated the influence of occlusion time on postocclusive forearm skin reactive hyperemia using laser Doppler fluximetry (LDF).

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/blood supply*

Fulltext Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus carriage by young Malaysian footballers during indoor training

William JL, Radu S, Aziz SA, Rahim RA, Cheah YK, Liwan A, et al.

Br J Sports Med, 2004 Feb;38(1):12-4.

PMID: 14751938

BACKGROUND: Research has shown that athletes are carriers of Staphylococcus aureus during physical activity.
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the mean total plate count of S aureus carried by footballers before and after training at an indoor venue.
METHODS: Forty Malay and 20 Indian students volunteered to participate. There was also a control group consisting of 40 Malay and 20 Indian students who were not active. The experimental group were active footballers who had played at school or club level. The subjects were healthy and free of skin infection. The experiment was divided into three sessions, with 20 subjects present at each. At each session, the subjects trained for one hour. Swabs were taken from the skin, nose, and ear before and after training. For the control group, swabs were taken only once from the skin, nose, and ear. The swabs were subjected to biochemical tests and then streaked and cultured aerobically in Baird Parker agar plates for 24 hours at 37 degrees C. Black colonies with a clear zone were presumed to be S aureus, and the mean total plate count of the colonies was estimated. Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG), and mannitol fermentation tests were used to confirm the colonies as S aureus. A haemolysin test was conducted with human blood to confirm haemolytic activity.
RESULTS: All subjects in the experimental group were carrying S aureus both before and after training. The estimated mean total counts of colonies from the skin, ear, and nose for the Malays before training were 33, 71, and 312 respectively. Counts after training were 21, 44, and 452 respectively. The results for the Indians were 72, 80, and 309 respectively before training and 55, 200, and 466 respectively after training. The positive results for Gram staining, catalase, coagulase slide, coagulase tube, acetoin production, ONPG, and mannitol fermentation tests were 100%, 96%, 95%, 95%, 93%, 93%, and 90% respectively. All subjects in the control group were also carrying S aureus.
CONCLUSIONS: All of the players were carriers of S aureus during training. The decrease in total count from the skin for both races may be due to lysozyme activity lysing the bacterial cells. Contamination of the environment with these bacteria may have increased the estimated total plate count in the nose. The experimental group face a higher risk of infection because of lower immunity during training and higher rate of injuries compared with the control group.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/microbiology

The tampered implant. Intra-medullary nailing of the femur for fracture of the shaft-unusual difficulty in extraction: case report

Subramanian N

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):123-4.

PMID: 4276229

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases/etiology

Fulltext Chemotherapeutic trials in leprosy. 7. Trial of 50 mgm. DDS twice weekly in the treatment of lepromatous leprosy

Pearson JMH, Pettit JHS

Int. J. Lepr. Other Mycobact. Dis., 1969;37(1):40-5.

PMID: 4897238

Fifteen patients with pure lepromatous leprosy were treated for 12 months with DDS at 50 mgm. twice weekly. The drug was fully effective in this dose, and the incidence and severity of ENL were not less than on larger doses

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/pathology

Human serum is an advantageous supplement for human dermal fibroblast expansion: clinical implications for tissue engineering of skin

Mazlyzam AL, Aminuddin BS, Saim L, Ruszymah BH

Arch Med Res, 2008 Nov;39(8):743-52.

PMID: 18996287 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2008.09.001

Standard fibroblast culture medium usually contains fetal bovine serum (FBS). In theory, unknown risks of infection from bovine disease or immune reaction to foreign proteins may occur if standard culture method is used for future human tissue-engineering development. Human serum (HS) theoretically would be another choice in providing a safer approach and autologous clinically reliable cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/cytology*

Analysis of Internet searches using Google Trends to measure interest in sun protection and skin cancer in selected South-East Asian populations

Kwan Z, Yong SS, Robinson S

Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed, 2020 Mar;36(2):83-89.

PMID: 31508854 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12510

BACKGROUND: Analysis of Internet search trends has been performed to evaluate interest in sun protection, artificial tanning, and skin cancers among the public, particularly in Western countries. This observational study aimed to investigate the relative popularity of search terms relating to sun protection, sunburn, skin cancers, and tanning used in Google Trends® in three South-East Asian countries (Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia).

METHODS: The relevant search terms were queried using the Google Trends® in each location and worldwide. The search volume indices were compared between locations and over a time period from January 1, 2004, to January 31, 2019. Correlations between "sunblock" and "sunburn" as well as "sunblock" and search terms relating to skin cancers ("skin cancer," "melanoma," "basal cell carcinoma," and "squamous cell carcinoma") were evaluated.

RESULTS: The favored search term relating to sun protection in this region was "sunblock" despite the term itself being a misnomer. The relative popularity of searches for "sunblock" also showed an increase over time and was generally higher compared with interest in sunburn, skin cancers, and artificial tanning practices. Positive correlations were noted between "sunblock" and "sunburn" in Malaysia and "sunblock" and "melanoma" in Singapore.

CONCLUSION: Insights into search trends may assist public health promotion to raise awareness regarding sun protection and skin cancers in the region by targeting commonly used terms for each geographical location.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms/prevention & control*

Transcriptome analysis in the skin of Carassius auratus challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila

Wang R, Hu X, Lü A, Liu R, Sun J, Sung YY, et al.

Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2019 Nov;94:510-516.

PMID: 31541778 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.039

Skin plays an important role in the innate immune responses of fish, particularly towards bacterial infection. To understand the molecular mechanism of mucosal immunity of fish during bacterial challenge, a de novo transcriptome assembly of crucian carp Carassius auratus skin upon Aeromonas hydrophila infection was performed, the latter with Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform. A total of 118111 unigenes were generated and of these, 9693 and 8580 genes were differentially expressed at 6 and 12 h post-infection, respectively. The validity of the transcriptome results of eleven representative genes was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. A comparison with the transcriptome profiling of zebrafish skin to A. hydrophila with regards to the mucosal immune responses revealed similarities in the complement system, chemokines, heat shock proteins and the acute-phase response. GO and KEGG enrichment pathway analyses displayed the significant immune responses included TLR, MAPK, JAK-STAT, phagosome and three infection-related pathways (ie., Salmonella, Vibrio cholerae and pathogenic Escherichia coli) in skin. To our knowledge, this study is the first to describe the transcriptome analysis of C. auratus skin during A. hydrophila infection. The outcome of this study contributed to the understanding of the mucosal defense mechanisms in cyprinid species.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin/metabolism*

A study of haemolytic streptococci isolated from outpatients in dermatological clinics

Murai T, Inazumi Y, Nishiwaki M, Noda Y, Hino H

Kansenshogaku Zasshi, 1991 Aug;65(8):960-9.

PMID: 1919131

A total of 44 patients suspected of streptococcal infections were studied in outpatient clinics in Tokyo during the one year from December 1988 to December 1989. Employing bacteriological culturing and serodiagnosis, the following results were obtained. 1) There were 9 cases of impetigo and 15 cases of erysipelas with typical clinical manifestations and age distributions. 2) It seemed that some of the skin infections were caused by group A streptococci whose M-types were different from those of upper respiratory infections typically occurring in Japan. 3) The type distribution of group A streptococci found were quite similar to those isolated in Thailand or Malaysia. 4) There were found group A streptococci exhibiting unique combinations of T- and M-types, such as T11 and M9, T11 and M62 or T13-49 and MOD8 (Provisional type). 5) As for serodiagnostic method, ADNB (anti-deoxyribonuclease B) titer reflected infection by group A streptococcus only, while ASK (anti-streptokinase) and ASO (anti-streptolysin O) reflected not only group A streptococcal infections but group G infections as well.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases, Infectious/microbiology*

Improved Diagnosis of the Polysensitized Allergic Rhinitis Patients Using Component Resolved Diagnosis Method

Mohamad Yadzir ZH, Bakhtiar F, Misnan R, Abdullah N, Leecyous B, Murad S

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2016 Apr;15(2):156-60.

PMID: 27090369

Allergy diagnosis needs to be improved in polysensitized patients due to the existence of possible confounding factors in this type of patients. Component resolved diagnosis (CRD) is a new concept in the investigation of polysensitized patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the utilization of ImmunoCAP ISAC improve the diagnosis of the polysensitized allergic rhinitis patients. Skin prick test (SPT) to 58 crude allergen extracts and CRD (ImmunoCAP ISAC) were carried out for 5 polysensitized allergic rhinitis patients. Two patients had a shellfish allergy and avoidance of shellfish was the only way to prevent an allergic reaction. In contrast, although the remaining three patients had low risk for shellfish allergy, but they were the best candidates for immunotherapy using mite extracts. CRD and particularly ImmunoCAP ISAC have proven to be a valuable diagnostic tool in polysensitized patients. ImmunoCAP ISAC helps refine the individual patient's sensitization profile and predict the potential risk of allergic reactions and improve the selection of patients for immunotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Tests/methods

Knowledge, attitude, practice and perception on sunscreen and skin cancer among doctors and pharmacists

Low QJ, Teo KZ, Lim TH, Cheo SW, Yap WYE

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):212-217.

PMID: 33742630

INTRODUCTION: Excessive ultraviolet light (UV) can cause premature skin aging and potentially skin cancer. Currently there is a lack of awareness among health care professionals and the public on sun protection. The objectives of this study were to determine knowledge on sunscreen and skin cancer among health care professionals, to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, practice and perception of doctors and pharmacists toward the usage of sunscreen as protection against UV radiation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among doctors and pharmacists in Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Questionnaires were used in this study.

RESULTS: A total of 384 participants completed the questionnaires. The participants consisted of 323 doctors (84.1%) and 61 pharmacists (15.9%). The age group of the participants ranged between 25 till 55 years old. Ninety doctors (27.9%) and thirty-one pharmacists (51.0%) reported used sunscreen daily (p<0.001). This finding showed that there was a deficit in the practice of sun protection. Pharmacists scored a higher knowledge score of median 12 (IQR=3.0) while the doctors scored 11 (IQR=2.0). This study showed a significant association between ethnicity and skin cancer knowledge (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a lack of knowledge of sunscreen and skin cancer prevention among health care practitioners. This finding supports better medical education program on this topic.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Neoplasms; Skin Aging

A sinister rash in a lady with breast malignancy

Tan WF, Voo SYM

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):275-277.

PMID: 33742647

Cutaneous metastasis may be the first presentation of an undiagnosed malignancy or a relapse of a previously treated malignancy. We describe a case of a 64-year-old lady with cutaneous metastases from breast carcinoma, who presented with two uncommon rash morphology-carcinoma erysipeloides (CE) and annular erythema. Histopathological examination showed infiltration of neoplastic cells in the dermal lymphatics and staging CT showed distant metastases. She is currently on palliative chemotherapy. A high index of suspicion and early referral to a dermatologist is crucial for early diagnosis for a patient who presents with an inflammatory skin lesion that is refractory to treatment, particularly if the patient has a previous history of malignancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin Diseases, Genetic; Skin Neoplasms

Physical characterisation and stability study of formulated Chromolaena odorata gel

Zamram QAZM, Mohsin HF, Mohamad MM, Nor Hazalin NAM, Hamid KA

Curr Drug Deliv, 2021 Apr 18.

PMID: 33874872 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210419114809

AIM: Formulating topical products for skin delivery has always been a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists to fulfil good formulation criteria. Despite the challenges, gel-based drug delivery offers some advantages such that it is non-invasive, painless, avoidance of the first-pass metabolism and has satisfactory patient compliance.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, Chromolaena odorata gel and quercetin gel (bioactive flavonoid compound) were successfully formulated and compared with placebo and conventional wound aid gel. The chromatographic profilling was conducted to screen the presence of phytoconstituents. Subsequently, all formulated gels were subjected to physical characteristic and stability study.

METHODS: Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) of C.odorata methanolic leaves extract shows a distinct compound separation at retention time 8.4min to 34.8 min at 254nm. All gels were characterised by evaluating their rheological properties including storage modulus, loss modulus and plastic viscosity. Besides, texture analysis was performed to measure the gels' firmness, consistency, cohesiveness, and viscosity index.

RESULTS: From the observation, C. odorata gel demonstrated better spreadability as compared to the other gels, which acquired less work and favourable to be applied onto the skin. Moreover, C. odorata gel showed no changes in organoleptic properties and proven to be stable after 30 days of accelerated stability study at 40°C ± 2°C with relative humidity (RH) of 75%± 5%.

CONCLUSION: C. odorata gel has shown to be stable, reflecting the combination of materials used in the formulation, which did not degrade throughout the study. This work suggests the potential of this gel as a vehicle to deliver the active ingredients of C. odorata to the skin, which can be further explored as a topical application in antimicrobial wound management or other skin diseases study.

Matched MeSH terms: Skin; Skin Diseases

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