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Displaying publications 41 - 51 of 51 in total

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Does Helicobacter pylori infection affect gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia?

Goh KL, Paramsothy M, Azian M, Parasakthi N, Peh SC, Bux S, et al.

J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1997 Dec;12(12):790-4.
PMID: 9504887

The objectives of the study were first, to determine if gastric emptying was altered in patients with functional dyspepsia with and without Helicobacter pylori infection compared with normal healthy volunteers; and second, to determine if there were further alterations in gastric emptying when the infection was eradicated. Gastric emptying was measured using a 99mtechnetium radiolabelled solid meal and gastric emptying time was measured as t1/2, viz. time taken for half the radiolabelled meal to be emptied from the stomach. The mean gastric emptying time for H. pylori-positive patients (n=20) was 56.4+/-24.8 min; H. pylori-negative patients (n=19) 67.8+/-31.8 min; and normal controls (n=20) 58.8+/-18.8min. No significant difference was obtained between the groups (ANOVA; P=0.348). Thirteen of 18 H. pylori-positive patients successfully eradicated the infection following treatment with omeprazole 40 mg o.m. and amoxycillin 500 mg t.d.s. for 2 weeks. The mean difference in the gastric emptying time before and after H. pylori eradication was 23.9+/-13.2 min (P= 0.556). There was no significant difference in the frequency of specific dyspeptic symptoms as well as the overall mean symptom score between the H. pylori-positive and -negative patients. Gastric emptying was not different between patients with functional dyspepsia and normal controls. Helicobacter pylori infection does not appear to affect gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia.
HTLV-I antibody study in normal individuals and unselected hospital patients in Malaysia

Yap SF, Peh SC, Chan L, Wong HC, How VJ, Looi LM

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1992 Mar;23(1):26-9.
PMID: 1355930

A serological investigation for human T cell leukemia virus I (HTLV-I) infection was carried out at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. A total of 626 sera from a non-patient population and 1,038 sera from unselected in-patients were screened for HTLV-I antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 27/1664 (1.6%) were found to be reactive. However, on Western blotting, only 2 sera were confirmed positive, both showing reactions for the major core (p19 and p24) and the envelope (gp46) proteins. Both of the serum samples were from unselected hospital patients. Most of the remaining sera which were reactive on screening showed indeterminate results on Western blotting. These were further tested by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) and none of these sera gave a positive reaction. Therefore, only 2/1038 (0.19%) unselected patients could be confirmed to have antibodies to HTLV-I. None of the normal individuals screened showed a positive Western blot result. Our data indicate that HTLV-I infection is present in our population, but at a low prevalence rate.
Fulltext The histopathological pattern of primary IgA nephropathy in a Malaysian patient population

Peh SC, Looi LM, Wang F, Chua CT, Tan HW, Lam KL

Malays J Pathol, 1990 Jun;12(1):21-6.
PMID: 2090886

In the 10-year period from October 1977 to July 1987, 149 cases of primary IgA nephropathy were histologically confirmed through renal biopsies in the Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. The ages of these patients ranged from 5 to 72 years, with the majority in the 20-30 year age group. There was no sex preponderance. The ethnic distribution showed a significant predominance of Chinese with 107 (71.8%) Chinese, 24 (16.1%) Malays, 15 (10.1%) Indians and 3 others. A wide range of renal glomerular pathology was seen, the commonest being diffuse mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (59.1%). Focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (14.1%) followed by minimal change glomerulonephritis (10.7%) were next in order of frequency. Immunofluorescence studies consistently demonstrated heavy and predominant IgA deposition in the mesangium. Weak deposition of C3, IgG and IgM were also observed in various combinations.
Helicobacter pylori infection and non-ulcer dyspepsia: the effect of treatment with colloidal bismuth subcitrate

Goh KL, Parasakthi N, Peh SC, Wong NW, Lo YL, Puthucheary SD

Scand. J. Gastroenterol., 1991 Nov;26(11):1123-31.
PMID: 1754846

A study was undertaken to determine the role of Helicobacter pylori in non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) and to determine the efficacy of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) in the treatment of NUD. Seventy-one patients were randomly allocated (double blind) to CBS or placebo, two tablets twice daily for 4 weeks. The severity of dyspepsia was scored and endoscopies performed before and after treatment, and antral biopsy specimens were taken for bacteriologic and histologic examination. Forty patients had H. pylori infection, and all had changes of chronic active gastritis. H. pylori was cleared from 17 to 21 patients (81%) treated with CBS, whereas none of the 19 patients treated with placebo cleared the bacteria. Improvement in histology was noted in 15 of 21 patients (71.4%) treated with CBS, whereas no improvement was noted in any of the placebo controls. Thirty-one patients were negative for H. pylori. All had either normal gastric histology or minor degrees of inflammation. Seventeen of these patients received CBS, and 14 received placebo. All groups reported improvement in the symptom score; however, the H. pylori-positive, CBS-treated group recorded a significantly higher improvement than the other groups (p less than 0.001). Relapse of H. pylori infection after initial clearance of the bacteria was high. Twelve of 16 patients evaluated relapsed 1 month after withdrawal of CBS.
Gene symbol: APC. Disease: colorectal cancer

Tan LP, Ng BK, Balraj P, Poh BH, Lim PK, Peh SC

Hum Genet, 2005 Dec;118(3-4):539-40.
PMID: 16521263
pSTAT3 and MYC in Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Teoh SH, Khoo JJ, Abdul Salam DSD, Peh SC, Cheah SC

Malays J Pathol, 2019 Dec;41(3):273-281.
PMID: 31901912

INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is associated with several B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but the role of EBV in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is poorly defined. Several studies indicated the expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) is predominant in EBV(+)- DLBCL, of which its activated form can promote the downstream oncogenes expression such as c-MYC. c-MYC gene rearrangements are frequently found in aggressive lymphoma with inferior prognosis. Furthermore, EBV is a co-factor of MYC dysregulation. JAK1/STAT3 could be the downstream pathway of EBV and deregulates MYC. To confirm the involvement of EBV in JAK1/ STAT3 activation and MYC deregulation, association of EBV, pSTAT3 and MYC in EBV(+)- DLBCL cases were studied. The presence of pSTAT3 and its upstream proteins: pJAK1 is identify to delineate the role of EBV in JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 51 cases of DLBCL paraffin-embedded tissue samples were retrieved from a single private hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. EBER-ISH was performed to identify the EBV expression; ten EBV(+)-DLBCL cases subjected to immunohistochemistry for LMP1, pJAK1, pSTAT3 and MYC; FISH assay for c-MYC gene rearrangement.
RESULTS: Among 10 cases of EBV(+)-DLBCL, 90% were non-GCB subtype (p=0.011), 88.9% expressed LMP1. 40% EBV(+)-DLBCL had pJAK1 expression.
CONCLUSION: 66.7% EBV(+)-DLBCL showed the positivity of pSTAT3, which implies the involvement of EBV in constitutive JAK/STAT pathway. 44.5% EBV(+)-DLBCL have co-expression of pSTAT3 and MYC, but all EBV(+)-DLBCL was absence with c-MYC gene rearrangement. The finding of clinical samples might shed lights to the lymphomagenesis of EBV associated with non-GCB subtypes, and the potential therapy for pSTAT3-mediated pathway.
Omeprazole 40 mg o.m. combined with amoxycillin alone or with amoxycillin and metronidazole in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Goh KL, Peh SC, Parasakthi N, Wong NW, Tan KK, Lo YL

Am J Gastroenterol, 1994 Oct;89(10):1789-92.
PMID: 7942668

OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to determine the effect of dual therapy with omeprazole and amoxicillin and of triple therapy with omeprazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and to study the long-term results of eradication in these patients.
METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was performed. Patients who were recruited had unequivocal evidence of HP infection based on culture, histology, rapid urease test, and Gram's stain of a tissue smear. Eradication was defined as the absence of bacteria in all tests performed on both corpus and antral biopsies.
RESULTS: The infection was eradicated in 15 of 19 (78.9%) patients randomized to receive dual therapy and in 19 of 22 (86.4%) patients who received triple therapy. We followed the course of 30 patients in whom HP had been eradicated for a prolonged term (up to 12 months). All remained clear of HP. Twenty-five of 28 patients (89.3%) with duodenal ulcers in whom HP was successfully eradicated remained healed at 12 months. Fewer side effects were reported among patients who received the dual therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with omeprazole and amoxicillin with or without metronidazole is effective in the eradication of HP. In particular, the dual therapy regimen with amoxicillin is not only effective but is also well tolerated by patients.
Helicobacter pylori eradication with short-term therapy leads to duodenal ulcer healing without the need for continued acid suppression therapy

Goh KL, Navaratnam P, Peh SC, Wong NW, Chuah SY, Rahman NA, et al.

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1996 May;8(5):421-3.
PMID: 8804868

To determine whether duodenal ulcers continue to heal following successful Helicobacter pylori eradication with short-term eradication therapy without further acid suppression therapy.
Association between autophagy and KRAS mutation with clinicopathological variables in colorectal cancer patients

Awi NJ, Yap HY, Armon S, Low JSH, Peh KB, Peh SC, et al.

Malays J Pathol, 2021 Aug;43(2):269-279.
PMID: 34448791

Autophagy is a host defensive mechanism responsible for eliminating harmful cellular components through lysosomal degradation. Autophagy has been known to either promote or suppress various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). KRAS mutation serves as an important predictive marker for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies in CRC. However, the relationship between autophagy and KRAS mutation in CRC is not well-studied. In this single-centre study, 92 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of CRC patients (42 Malaysian Chinese and 50 Indonesian) were collected and KRAS mutational status was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR) (n=92) while the expression of autophagy effector (p62, LC3A and LC3B) was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) (n=48). The outcomes of each were then associated with the clinicopathological variables (n=48). Our findings demonstrated that the female CRC patients have a higher tendency in developing KRAS mutation in the Malaysian Chinese population (p<0.05). Expression of autophagy effector LC3A was highly associated with the tumour grade in CRC (p<0.001) but not with other clinicopathological parameters. Lastly, the survival analysis did not yield a statistically significant outcome. Overall, this small cohort study concluded that KRAS mutation and autophagy effectors are not good prognostic markers for CRC patients.
Fulltext Hybrid artificial neural network and structural equation modelling techniques: a survey

Albahri AS, Alnoor A, Zaidan AA, Albahri OS, Hameed H, Zaidan BB, et al.

Complex Intell Systems, 2022;8(2):1781-1801.
PMID: 34777975 DOI: 10.1007/s40747-021-00503-w

Topical treatments with structural equation modelling (SEM) and an artificial neural network (ANN), including a wide range of concepts, benefits, challenges and anxieties, have emerged in various fields and are becoming increasingly important. Although SEM can determine relationships amongst unobserved constructs (i.e. independent, mediator, moderator, control and dependent variables), it is insufficient for providing non-compensatory relationships amongst constructs. In contrast with previous studies, a newly proposed methodology that involves a dual-stage analysis of SEM and ANN was performed to provide linear and non-compensatory relationships amongst constructs. Consequently, numerous distinct types of studies in diverse sectors have conducted hybrid SEM-ANN analysis. Accordingly, the current work supplements the academic literature with a systematic review that includes all major SEM-ANN techniques used in 11 industries published in the past 6 years. This study presents a state-of-the-art SEM-ANN classification taxonomy based on industries and compares the effort in various domains to that classification. To achieve this objective, we examined the Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus and IEEE Xplore ® databases to retrieve 239 articles from 2016 to 2021. The obtained articles were filtered on the basis of inclusion criteria, and 60 studies were selected and classified under 11 categories. This multi-field systematic study uncovered new research possibilities, motivations, challenges, limitations and recommendations that must be addressed for the synergistic integration of multidisciplinary studies. It contributed two points of potential future work resulting from the developed taxonomy. First, the importance of the determinants of play, musical and art therapy adoption amongst autistic children within the healthcare sector is the most important consideration for future investigations. In this context, the second potential future work can use SEM-ANN to determine the barriers to adopting sensing-enhanced therapy amongst autistic children to satisfy the recommendations provided by the healthcare sector. The analysis indicates that the manufacturing and technology sectors have conducted the most number of investigations, whereas the construction and small- and medium-sized enterprise sectors have conducted the least. This study will provide a helpful reference to academics and practitioners by providing guidance and insightful knowledge for future studies.
Fulltext Spinal cord injury - assessing tolerability and use of combined rehabilitation and NeuroAiD (SATURN) study - primary results of an exploratory study

Kumar R, Htwe O, Baharudin A, Rhani SA, Ibrahim K, Nanra JS, et al.

J Spinal Cord Med, 2023 Jul;46(4):682-686.
PMID: 35604343 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2067972

OBJECTIVE: MLC601/MLC901 has demonstrated neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties that enhance neurological recovery in stroke and traumatic brain injury. We aimed to evaluate its safety and potential efficacy in patients with severe spinal cord injury.
METHODS: Patients with American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) A and B were included in an open-label cohort study. Each received a course of MLC601/MLC901 for 6 months in addition to standard care and rehabilitation. Key endpoints were safety, AIS grade and motor scores at month 6 (M6).
RESULTS: Among 30 patients included (mean age 42.2 ± 17.6 years, 24 men), 20 patients had AIS A while 10 patients had AIS B at baseline. Ten patients experienced 14 adverse events including one serious adverse event and six deaths, none were considered treatment-related. AIS improved in 25% of AIS A and 50% of AIS B. Improvement in ASIA motor score was seen most with cervical injury (median change from baseline 26.5, IQR: 6-55). These findings appear to be better than reported rates of spontaneous recovery for SCI AIS A and B.
CONCLUSION: MLC601/MLC901 is safe and may have a role in the treatment of patients with SCI. A controlled trial is justified.